摘要:

An HLA‐DXα gene polymorphism was analysed by Southern blotting in 49 British patients with Graves’disease and 61 control subjects. Two previously described allelic fragments of Taq I digested genomic DNA at 2.1 kb (U) and 1.9 kb (L) were found. The genotype frequencies for UU, UL and LL did not differ from the controls in Graves’disease, either for the whole groups or when subdivided into HLA‐DR3‐positive and‐negative subjects. There was a significant association of the U allele with HLA‐DR3 in both controls (P<0.05) and Graves’disease (P<0.025). The results indicate that DXα polymorphism is not primarily associated with Graves’disease. The findings differ from recent studies which showed that DXα polymorphisms may contribute to susceptibility in other DR3‐associat

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

HLA‐DP molecules were isolated from Epstein‐Barr virus transformed B cell lines by immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibody B7/21.2 and subsequently analysed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. The results obtained demonstrate that the HLA‐DP molecules that can be isolated from cells positive for the HLA‐DP specificities HLA‐DPw1, ‐DPw2 and ‐DPw4 display DP beta chain isoelectric point differences, whereas no DP alpha chain polymorphism was observed. These results suggest that the PLT defined HLA‐DP specificities (HLA‐DPw1, ‐DPw2 and ‐DPw4) are probably D

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

C4 allotype frequencies and their combination with factor B and C2 alleles (complotypes) were studied in a sample of the Spanish population in relation to MHC class I, class II and GLO alleles. The shorter genetic distances found for C4 between Spaniards and North Africans and the high frequency of extended HLA haplotypes (GLO*2) HLA‐DR3 F1C30 HLA‐B18 HLA‐Cw5 (HLA‐A30) and HLA‐DR7 S1C21 HLA‐Bw50 HLA‐Cw6 are consistent with a paleo‐North African ethnic origin (about 20000 years B.C.) of a part of present Spaniards (Iberians), and with the effect of racial admixture during late Moslem invasions (from the 8th to the 15th century). The complotype null alleles C4A*QO and C4B*QO may be under natural selection pressure when found incisposition, since they are never in the same haplotype in families. The underestimation of these C4 null alleles’frequencies in unrelated individuals as compared to genotyped families is shown to be a very likely event and a serious hindrance for C4‐disease association studies. We have not found any C4 duplications in the Spanish population; this may be due to sample size limitations or to the degree of admixture of our population. Strikingly, no positive linkage disequilibrium between C4A and C4B alleles is detected in unrelated individuals nor in families, although strong associations are maintained among Bf, C2, C4, HLA‐A, HLA‐B, HLA‐C and HLA‐DR markers. Assuming that all MHC polymorphisms have reached equilibrium, several explanations are proposed, including the possibility of no, different or additional natural selection mechanisms operating on some MHC class III genes (Bf, C2, C4 alleles combinations for most appropriate C3 convertases), as compared to those affecting class I and class II gene clusters (most advantageous

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for rabbit immunoglobulin (Ig) was developed in order to investigate serum levels achieved by therapeutic doses of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and their relationship toin vitroserum lymphocytotoxic activity. Twenty renal allograft recipients treated for acute steroid resistant rejection with ATG were studied, where possible, before, during and following their treatment with ATG. During therapy, peak serum levels of rabbit Ig were in the range 20–101μg/ml with one exception of 404μg/ml. After treatment, levels gradually declined to zero within 12 weeks. AH sera with lymphocytotoxic activity were absorbed with platelets and treated with dithiothreitol so that reactivity due to anti‐HLA antibodies and autoantibodies produced by the patient could be differentiated from each other and from serum ATG. Nine patients had detectable serum ATG associated within vitrolymphocytotoxic activity. In two cases the lymphocytotoxicity was attributed solely to ATG; two had only anti‐HLA antibodies; in one patient the lymphocytotoxicity was due to a combination of ATG and anti‐HLA antibodies; two had autoantibodies; and for two, cytotoxicity was initially due to ATG and subsequently to the development of autoantibodies. The serum levels of ATG achieved during treatment could thus be quantified, and the important distinction between anti‐HLA antibodies, autoantibodies and ATG

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY