ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.1

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe opening plenary address to the ORS National Conference had as its general theme OR as practised around the world. The subthemes were concerned with the status and future of OR; the transfer of OR technology, particularly to developing countries; model evaluation; and ethical problems in OR, with specific reference to public policy.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.2

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the development of a decision support system for the selection of a portfolio of R&D projects, which was carried out for a large electricity utility corporation. The DSS was constructed round a reference point approach for the underlying multi-criteria decision problem. The application of this approach did require a less usual form of scalarizing function as well as a heuristic algorithm for solving a non-linear knapsack problem. Practical aspects of the implementation of the multi-criteria approach in a DSS operating on a PC are also discussed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.3

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a complete and up-to-date survey of published inventory literature for the deteriorating (decaying) inventory models. More specifically, those papers are addressed that consider the effect of deterioration as a function of the on-hand level of inventory. The basic features, extensions and generalization of various models are discussed. A classification scheme is presented along with suggestions for future research.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.4

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe two-dimensional cutting-stock problem consists of laying out a specified list of rectangular pieces on rectangular sheets, in such a way as to minimize the number of sheets used. A pattern is a combination of piece widths whose sum does not exceed the sheet's width. We present a new heuristic algorithm for this problem based on an approach with two phases: strategic phase and tactical phase. The first phase takes a global view of the problem and proposes a list of patterns to the second phase, which in turn is in charge of actually laying out these patterns on sheets. The strategic module relaxes the global problem to a one-dimensional cutting-stock problem and solves it using linear programming, while the tactical module is a recursive algorithm based on repeated knapsack operations and other heuristics.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.5

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe introduce a version of the weighted 1-maximin problem in a convex polygon, where the weights are functions of a parameter. The 1-maximin problem is applicable in the location of undesirable facilities. Its objective is to find an optimal location such that the minimum weighted distance to a given set of points is maximized. We show that the parametric 1-maximin problem is equivalent to a 1-minimax problem, where the costs are non-linearly decreasing functions of distance. Using different values of the parameter in the 1-maximin problem, one can model different disutility functions for the users of the facility. Furthermore, the parameterization provides for a systematic way of reducing the effects of the weights, resulting in the unweighted 1-maximin problem in the limit. For two example problems we construct the optimal trajectory as a function of the parameter, and demonstrate that the trajectory may be discontinuous.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.6

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractMulti-level inventory problems provide the opportunity for operations researchers to assert simultaneous control over entire distribution and production systems. A backorders minimization problem is considered for a particular multi-level inventory structure for which several finished goods with normally distributed demand are produced from a common component. Complete centralization of all inventory at the component level versus complete decentralization of all inventory to the finished-good level has previously been studied. Inventory may be stored at either level in this approach. A general, non-linear mathematical formulation with the objective of minimizing total penalty costs for expected backorders and a budget constraint upon holding costs is considered to determine amounts to stock at each point. Necessary conditions for optimality are derived and are shown to resemble closely the classical newsboy result for which a proper trade-off must be achieved between the consequences of too much and too little inventory.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.7

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThere have been some interesting attempts to derive the equilibrium probability distribution of possible states of queueing systems by using the maximum entropy principle. In particular, Shore introduced an entropy model for theM/M/∞queueing system. In this paper an inconsistency in Shore's procedure is indicated and an exact entropy model for the multiple server queueing system is presented.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.8

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractFlexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) are automated factories in which many different part types are produced simultaneously. The tool-loading problem now adds further to the delicate task of finding an optimal schedule for such systems. In this paper, a tabu search approach is developed to solve the job shop scheduling problem with tooling constraints.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.9

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents an application of the Resource Planning and Management Systems (RPMS) network approach to the goal programming (GP) problem as an alternative to several other approaches used in the GP process. The RPMS approach to solving the GP problem is illustrated through an example. Sensitivity analysis is also discussed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1991.10

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor