ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.29

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA situation is considered where a machine or a production line, for example an electronic computer or a data-processing system, has alternate "good" and "bad" periods of operation. Two types of model are described which can be used to tackle this kind of situation and these form an approach to the practical problem of scheduling work through such a system. The two aspects considered are the probability of a preassigned schedule of operation being completed within some critical time, and the optimum assignment of the length of the scheduled operations.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.30

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.31

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWhen a new road is being planned it is necessary to assess how much traffic will be diverted to it from various parts of the existing road network. This allocation of traffic has usually been based on a comparison of journey times or journey costs on alternative routes, and has depended on the selection, by trial and error, of the cheapest route through the network.A method is described which determines the shortest or cheapest routes between points on the network and which can readily be extended to show how traffic between the points is distributed and to assess the total cost of vehicle operation on the network.The procedure is quite systematic and independent of the manner in which journey costs are derived, and it could be carried out on an electronic computer with considerable saving in time. It can be applied to any transportation or communication problem that involves finding the most economical routes through a network.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.32

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAfter an introductory discussion of the usefulness of the technique of dynamic programming in solving practical problems of multi-stage decision processes, the paper describes its application to inventory problems. In particular, the effect of allowing the number of decision stages to increase indefinitely is investigated, and it is shown that under certain realistic conditions this situation can be dealt with. It appears to be generally true that the average cost per period will converge, for an optimal policy, as the number of periods considered increases indefinitely, and that it is feasible to search for the policy which minimizes this long-term average cost. The paper concludes with a specific example, in which it is shown that only eight iterations were necessary to find a reasonable approximation to the optimal re-order policy.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.33

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.34

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to discuss and if possible to dispel the industrialist's misunderstanding of operational research. The author lists some of the varied ideas held by industrialists of operational research including several which are contradictory, as for example (a) That operational research is new and revolutionary; and (b) That operational research proves nothing new and has always been practised without being so named.A number of suggestions are then made and developed, which should lead to a better understanding. These include, clearer definitions of operational research and a better adaptation of the specialized literature to the needs of industrial management, with particular emphasis on the publication of real rather than synthetic case histories. Headings of sections are:The attitude of industrialists.The exact nature of operational research.Problems, criteria, models.The practice of operational research in business.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.35

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.36

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.37

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1960.38

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor