摘要:

Recent developments of flow cytometry (FCM) technology which make multiple correlative biological measurements on normal and neoplastic cells is affecting areas of diagnostic pathology as well as research fields, and a general understanding of FCM techniques is essential for pathologists. Today, FCM DNA measurement of tumors also becomes routine in the clinical and/or pathological laboratory for aid in cancer diagnosis and cancer treatment. It can also contribute to diagnosis of tumors as a supplemental method to conventional histopathology, and DNA ploidy and the percentages of S‐phase fraction are considered as complementary prognostic parameters independent of the stage of disease. This article reviews clinical applications of flow cytometry focusing on the DNA measurements of solid tumors, and related practical issues, such as the methodology for nuclear DNA measurement, interpretation of DNA histograms and the relationship of DNA ploidy and S phase fraction to clinical and pathological features of human solid tumor

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SAV‐I, a cell line derived from a well differentiated adenocarcinoma of Vater's papilla, was cultured under four different conditions using collagen gel matrices (type I collagen): 1) double‐layered, 2) floating double‐layered, 3) embedded, and 4) floating embedded, then observed by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Under all four conditions, three‐dimensional growth with tubules occurred. In particular, the floating double‐layered condition, where the cells were cultured between two collagen gel layers, then floated onto the medium, was useful for showing cellular reorganization. The three‐dimensional growth patterns observedin vitroclosely resembled thein vivogrowth of SAV I cells transplanted into nude mice. Therefore, we conclude that the floating double‐layered condition is useful for demonstrating the morphological characteristics of the parent cells of established cell lines, and should be advantageous for studies of the relationship between cellular morphology and fun

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eighteen autopsy cases of syringomyelia were studied neuropathologically. In six cases associated with Chiari II malformation, the central canal was patent from the fourth ventricle to the syrinx, and the syrinx was simply a dilated central canal. In four cases associated with Chiari I malformation, the syrinx was irregularly shaped and communicated with the subarachnoid space at the entry zone of the posterior nerve roots. In six cases associated with spinal cord or posterior fossa tumors, the syrinx was located adjacent to the tumor tissues, and occupied the medullary gray matter or the spinal intermediate zone and the ventral part of the posterior horn. With regard to the pathogenesis of syringomyelia, we concluded that in cases associated with Chiari II malformation, vermian protrusion and direct continuity between the fourth ventricle and the syrinx were essential. In cases associated with Chiari I malformation, in addition to tonsillar protrusion, communication between the syrinx and the subarachnoid space was thought to play an important role, and in cases associated with tumors, the circulatory disturbance due to the presence of the tumors caused the syrinx.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTHrP) was first identified in human malignant tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. We immunohisto‐chemically examined the distribution of PTHrP both in 7 normal parathyroid glands and in 20 parathyroid adenomas. Sixty five percent of parathyroid adenomas (13 cases) were positive for PTHrP, whereas only one normal parathyroid gland was positive for PTHrP in the area of transitional oxyphil cells. Many parathyroid adenomas (12 cases) were composed of both PTHrP positive cells and ‐negative cells, and these two different type of cells showed a tendency to form nodules respectively in parathyroid adenoma. Although both chief cells and oxyphil or transitional oxyphil cells were positive for PTHrP in parathyroid adenoma, oxyphil or transitional oxyphil cells were more responsible for PTHrP production than chief cells. Chief cells are thought to produce parathyroid hormone mainly in parathyroid adenoma. On the other hand, little is known concerning the function and role of oxyphil or transitional oxyphil cells. Our results suggest that oxyphil or transitional oxyphil cells in parathyroid adenoma may have some functional roles different from those of chief cells through the production of

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A boy with Farber's lipogranulomatosis is reported. Excessive ceramide was revealed by thin‐layer chromatography of the extracts from the liver. Acid ceramidase activity of the liver was 31.5% of control with exogenous substrate and 33.3% without exogenous substrate. The histological appearance showed granulomatous lesions, composed of spindle or oval‐shaped storage cells and proliferation of the connective tissues, in the subcutaneous tissue of the lower lip, periarticular regions and the pericardium. Histo‐chemically the storage cells were revealed to contain lipid and polysaccharide. The foreign body granuloma formed by the surgical suture in the liver was surrounded by a large number of foamy cells. In gastrointestinal mucosa widespread erosion, disappearance of glands and abundant collagen fibers were noted. On electron microscopy, the spindle or oval shaped cells in the subcutis of the lip had intracytoplasmic inclusions containing granular or fibrillar materials and a smaller number of curvilinear structures, so called “Farber bodies”. Our case was a typical clinical and histopathological presentation of Farber's lipogranulomatosis. However, ceramidase activity was higher than in previous descriptions, and severe gastrointestinal lesions and the appearance of a large number of foamy cells around the foreign body granuloma have not been described p

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 57 year old woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who died of massive hemoptysis is reported. Chest radiography revealed changes that began with a small focal infiltration and progressed to a large round nodule with cavity formation. Postmortem examination showed the nodule to be composed mainly of infarcted lung tissue with saprophytic growth ofMucor.An adjacent proximal branch of the left pulmonary artery was thrombosed with mucoraceous hyphae, and it had ruptured into the cavitary space around the necrotic tissue and then into a conducting bronchus. In general, both fatal massive hemoptysis and cavity formation are rare in pulmonary mucormycosis. In our present case, the histological findings suggested that both phenomena were closely related to the pulmonary infarction caused by Mucor invasion of the pulmonary artery.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two cases of papillary adenoma of the lung are presented along with results of histological and ultrastructural examinations. The tumors were encountered in two asymptomatic patients in a mass‐survey chest X‐ray examination. The chest X ray films showed the tumors as well demarcated small lesions. Histologically, both tumors arose in the bronchioles and consisted of cuboidal cells resembling type II pneumocytes showing papillary growth with accompanying edematous connective tissue. Several tumor cells each possessed a large eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion. In case 1, ciliated cells and Clara‐like cells were also present in the tumor. Ultrastructurally, most of the tumor cells had various numbers of lamellar bodies in their cytoplasm, indicative of type II pneumocytes, and some of case 1 showed features of Clara cells and ciliated cells. The intranuclear inclusions appeared as aggregates of tubular structures or had lamellar body‐like features. These findings are identical to those of papillary adenoma arising from the bro

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An autopsy case of renal cell carcinoma with extensive peliosis hepatis is reported. The patient was a 34‐year‐old female, who had had a left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma but died of multiple metastases one year and 4 months after surgery, despite chemotherapy and interferon treatment. At autopsy, the liver was enlarged markedly with multiple metastatic nodules and the nonneoplastic hepatic parenchyma had a spongy appearance, due to diffusely scattered, blood‐filled cystic lesions. Histological examination showed the oval to irregular shaped blood‐filled spaces were lined by hepatic cell cords and located mainly in the periportal area. In addition, almost all of the sinusoids were dilated and communicated with the cystic blood‐filled spaces, which also communicated directly with branches of the portal veins at various levels. Several interlobular portal branches were obstructed. The causative mechanism of peliosis hepatis has yet to be elucidated, although some causative conditions have been proposed. In this case, renal cell carcinoma may have caused the sinusoidal dilatation and the vascular changes in the portal areas, such as obstruction of terminal portal branches, may have contributed to its

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of pigmented villonodular synovitis (giant cell tumor of the synovium) involving the vertebral column is presented. The tumor grew outside the dura and extended to the paravertebral connective tissue, causing sensory and motor disturbance indicative of spinal cord compression. This anatomic location is very rare for lesions of this type, and to our knowledge, this case is only the fifth reported in the English language literature.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We describe a case of bone tumor in the left tenth rib that was diagnosed as a low‐grade osteosarcoma resembling osteoblastoma. This diagnosis was supported by clinical, radiologic, and histologic findings. Specimens of this tumor were transplanted into nude mice, and the morphology of the transplanted tumors was examined. The transplanted tumors were similar histologically to the parent tumor. Ultrastructurally, the transplanted osteoblasts showed irregular, indented nuclei, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and varying amounts of intercellular junctional complexes. Our transplantable tumor could be valuable as an experimental model for studies on this tumor typ

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY