摘要:

In an attempt to evaluate the morphological abnormalities of dermal non‐myelinated nerve fibers of diabetics and elucidate the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the terminal part of peripheral nerve in the upper dermis was observed on electron microscopy using skin samples biopsied in 10 diabetics with symptomatic neuropathy and 6 age‐matched controls. In diabetics, the density of nerve fibers was significantly lower than in controls. In addition, swelling, lytic change and vacuolation in the axon, multiplication of basement membrane of the Schwann cell and Schwann cell cluster devoid of axon were more frequently observed in diabetics. The Schwann cell did not show significant structural alterations. These findings suggest that the axon is primarily involved, at least in the terminal region of nerve fiber, in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It is also concluded that the skin biopsy technique is unharmful, cosmetically not troublesome and might be beneficial for studying peripheral neuropathies including diabetic neuropa

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate the role of macrophages in glomerulonephritis, the relationship between the existence of macrophages and proteinuria in the long course of glomerulonephritis was studied in accelerated Masugi nephritis in the rat. Non‐specific esterase staining was used as a marker of macrophages and the kinetics of glomerular macrophages was analysed by an image processor. Macrophages became detectable 48 hours after nephrotoxic serum injection and their accumulation reached a maximum level at 5 days. At 1 month, they had clearly decreased. At 3 months, however, many macrophages were found within the capsular drop‐like lesions and crescents. Urinary protein excretion took roughly the same time course as the number of macrophages for 2 weeks. However, at 1 month, whereas macrophages had decreased, the proteinuria kept a persistently high level. At 3 months it showed a tendency to decrease. The correlation between the rate of appearance of macrophages and the urinary protein excretion assessed in 20 cases exhibited no significance. In addition, descrepancy in their time course was evident at 1 month. Although macrophages may happen to contribute to the tissue injury resulting in proteinuria in the early phase of nephrotoxic serum nephritis, factors other than macrophages should be considered in the subsequent duration of proteinuria in this mo

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study deals mainly with the ductus arteriosus of preterm infants of gestational age less than 29 weeks, birth weight less than 1200 g, and postnatal age less than 72 hours. Excised ductus were histologically examined postmortem and compared to those of infants of more advanced gestational age. Intimal cushion and duplication and/or interruption of the internal elastic lamina of the ductus arteriosus were employed as the indicators of the maturation of the ductus arteriosus. The ductus arteriosus of infants with gestational age more than 29 weeks showed histologically more mature features than those of 28 weeks or less. It is considered that there is a relation between gestational age and histologic maturation of the ductus arteriosus.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Iodoacetamide (IAA), an ulcerogenic compound, was continuously given to male Wistar rats for up to 74 weeks. No carcinomas developed but marked glandular hyperplasias were frequently observed accompanied by chronic ulcer or erosion in the fundic region. They showed pseudo‐invasive growth into the submucosa, the granulomatous tissue and even into the muscle layer, but no cellular and nuclear atypia was observed in their glands. Characteristically the mucosal damage caused by chronic IAA treatment was restricted to the fundic mucosa along the limiting ridge. Abnormally regenerated mucosa in the damaged area showed pyloric gland type metaplasia, demonstrated histo‐chemically by paradoxical concanavalin A‐staining and high‐iron diamine‐Alcian blue staining for mucin. No intestinal metaplasia was observed in the

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to investigate the initial lesions of pulmonary bone marrow embolism and its pathogenesis, the author studied the pulmonary changes of 70 rabbits during a 24‐hour period after the Infusion of 500 mg of fresh allogeneic bone marrow into the marginal ear veins. After 30 minutes, leukostasis was observed in the non‐embolized small arteries. After 2 hours, leukostasis increased and by 5 to 10 hours, it reached a maximum, still decreased considerably after 24 hours. In the perivascular connective tissue, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration had occurred as a result of Increased vascular permeability due to leukostasis. Fifteen minutes after intravenous administration of a single shot of indomethacln (5 mg/kg), the Infusion of allogeneic bone marrow was performed. Five hours after the infusion, the suppression of pulmonary vascular leukostasis and interstitial edema were observed. The effect of drugs on morphological changes, however, is extremely small in the group pre‐treated with diphenhydramine hydrochloride (3 mg/kg). The author concluded that the mechanical Injury of vascular endothelial cells by emboli and the accumulation of leukocytes in the pulmonary vessels may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the initial change of pulmonary bone marrow embolism. It is also suggested that the embolized bone marrow in the small arteries and vasculitis may lead to arteriosclerosis in the f

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We localized the third (C3) and fourth (C4) components of complement by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry in liver biopsy specimens from patients without overt liver disease or with chronic hepatitis. In both groups it was found that almost all hepatocytes contained the two complement proteins in protein‐generating organelles, i.e., the perinuclear spaces, cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and cytoplasmic transport vesicles. In addition, the sinusoidal membrane and vesicles that appeared to be fused with the membrane were positive for C3 and C4. The complement proteins were absent from the protein‐synthesizing apparatus of other kinds of cells, but they were present in phagosomes of Kupffer cells. We conclude that hepatocytes but not other cells in the human liver synthesize C3 and C4. In addition, a plausible pathway for transport of the complement proteins from hepatocytes into the blood circulation was identif

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eighteen cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in children were examined, and it was found that erythropoiesis exclusively appeared in the well differentiated type of hepatoblastoma. In such foci large immature erythroblasts were found among the tumor cells, whereas mature forms tended to gather in the subendothelial spaces or within sinusoids. Desmosome‐like attachments were frequently found between immature erythroblasts and tumor cells. The tumor cells were well differentiated and had a distinct polarity. The erythropoietic foci were never found in lymph nodes, spleens and in the non‐neoplastic hepatic tissues obtained by surgery or autopsy. Erythroblastic cells did not show an increase in number in the bone marrows. These findings indicate that hepatoblastoma cells in certain stages of differentiation have the capacity to induce the differentiation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells into the cells of erythrocytic series, or that the microenvironment composed of one or more tumor cells offer good soil for the differentiation of erythroblastic cells. There seems to be no intimate relationship between the production of α ‐ fetoprotein by tumor cells and the appearance of erythrop

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To analyze the secretory mechanism of immunoglobulins into pancreatic secretion, pancreatic juice IgA was measured by single radial immunodiffusion and characterized immunochemically, and immunoglobulins, J chain and secretory component (SC) were localized immunocytochemically in pancreatic tissues by the peroxidase‐labeled antibody method. The concentration of IgA was 0.0225 mg/ml with a range of 0.010 to 0.049. IgA associated with SC was demonstrated immunochemically in three cases. IgA, SC and J chain were demonstrated immunocytochemically in the pancreatic duct epithelium with the features characteristic of endocytic, SC‐mediated transfer of IgA. The results of the present study suggested that transfer of IgA linked by J chain and SC across ductal epithelial cells, but not acinar cells occurred in human pancr

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Severe pathological fibrotic change of rabbits treated with endotoxin was produced. The liver of the rabbits that died within 14 days showed severe architectural distortion through wide fibrotic band which could be called morphologically post necrotic liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in the liver of the rabbits that remained alive more than 14 days thin septal nodular structures were observed. This experimental model is proposed as a tool for the further study of the pathogenesis of human liver cirrhosis.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A single intravenous injection of daunomycin into rats Induced severe glomerular injury with massive proteinuria. Mesangial thickening due to an increase in the matrix appeared as early as 5 weeks after injection. Focal and segmental glomerular tuft distortion developed by 10 weeks associated with a progressive mesangial change, which was accompanied by detachments of endothelial cells and podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) resulting in obliteration of the affected tufts. After 20 weeks, the lesion ultimately progressed to cause diffuse and global glomerular obliteration. Scattered glomeruli also showed frank shrinkage with a mild obliterative change. By observing a number of isolated glomeruli in scanning electron microscopy, it was revealed that podocyte alterations were variable from case to case and foot processes remained discrete in some cases until 10 weeks, despite the presence of marked proteinuria. Anionic sites distributed throughout the GBM and on the surface of podocytes were usually preserved in proteinuric rats as far as evaluated by ruthenium red and colloidal iron stainings. Our results indicate that loss of foot processes and of glomerular anionic sites are not causative factors but consequences of proteinuria.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1985.tb02210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY