摘要:

AbstractTreatment efforts for psychiatric patients traditionally are organized according to diagnosis, length of stay, age, and level of management difficulty. The current study, prompted by an attempt to reorganize services for 178 patients at a regional psychiatric hospital, examined the incidence of 72 problems exhibited either in the community prior to admission or within the institution. Factor and cluster analyses were used to identify clinically important subgroups of patients. Implications of the results for institutional organization also are discussed.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<3::AID-JCLP2270460102>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPreparatory interval, the length of time between a warning signal and the imperative stimulus, has been a major independent variable in studies that have examined reaction times of schizophrenics. Based on the hypothesis that schizophrenics have difficulty maintaining a heightened “set” to respond, long preparatory intervals (e.g., 7 seconds) have been predominant. However, long preparatory intervals do not permit an evaluation of the time course required to attain a heightened attentional state. This study employs preparatory intervals that range between 0 and 4000 msec in order to assess the arousal and maintenance of a heightened attentional state in schizophrenics (N= 10) and a normal control group (N= 10). The data suggest that schizophrenics may attain a heightened alertness more rapidly than normals. Schizophrenics are unable to maintain this state of alertness as competently as normal subjects. A hypothetical rationale for this finding is propo

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<15::AID-JCLP2270460103>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWeiss (1989) has proposed abandoning symptom‐based diagnosis for schizophrenia research. It is proposed that such a system confuses treatment of symptoms with treatment of the underlying process from which it emanates. Furthermore, it proposes that while a symptom‐based system is striving for clarity and objectivity, it is conceptually barren and, thus, offers no treatment framework. A proposed, heuristic model by which to conceptualize major psychiatric disorders is discussed. It is argued that it would have clinical advantages of greater patient acceptance, less social stigma, provide a treatment agenda, allow objective measurement of deficits along a continuum, be more comprehensible by both patient and family, and be more relevant to daily liv

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<21::AID-JCLP2270460104>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty‐nine boys, aged 3 to 11 years, who were referred for an evaluation of a potential gender identity disorder of childhood, were assessed with a standardized in vivo behavioral observation of sex‐typed play in an alone condition and with the parent‐report Bates‐Bentler Games Inventory. Without access to these measures of sex‐typed play, an independent clinical psychologist rated each of the subjects on a 9‐point scale that indicated the degree of severity of a gender disturbance, based upon child and parent interviews and a complete psychological test battery. The percentage of feminine play in the behavioral observation procedure was found to be correlated significantly with the clinician rating of degree of gender disturbance (r=.55). The Games Inventory was found to differentiate significantly the gender‐disturbed boys from the nonclinical reference group on its feminine/preschool games, masculine nonathletic games, and athletic games subscales and on its composite index of feminine play preference; however, only the composite index (and none of the 3 subscales) was correlated significantly (r=.34) with degree of severity of gende

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<28::AID-JCLP2270460105>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (C‐BDI) was administered to 2,150 Chinese secondary school students. The BDI was found to have high internal consistency as a scale and high item‐total correlations for most of the items. Factor analysis with a two‐factor solution showed that two factors were abstracted from the scale, namely, general depression and somatic disturbances. By randomly splitting the total sample into two subsamples, these two factors could be reproduced reliably, and high coefficients of congruence were found. These findings generally suggest that the Chinese version of the BDI possesses acceptable psychometric properties, and the factor analytic data tend to support Beck's multi‐dimensional view of depression as a co

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<35::AID-JCLP2270460106>3.0.CO;2-W

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubsequent to final examinations, Eckblad and Chapman's Hypomanic Personality Scale was given to 115 students; the STAI and the Cognitive Interference Questionnaire also were administered. Analysis found that the Hypomanic Personality Scale shows divergence from the measures of anxiety and cognitive interference despite the fact that convergence has been found on other scales of hypomania. In addition, males scored significantly higher than females on the scale. There was no significant relation of the Hypomanic Scale with examination performance.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<43::AID-JCLP2270460107>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFactor analytic work with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) has shown a remarkably stable factor structure. The eight Basic Personality scales have a three‐factor structure: Aloof/Social, Submissive/Aggressive, and Labile/Restrained. These dimensions appear to be the same as those suggested by the DSM‐III‐R advisory committee on personality disorders. The MCMI as a whole has a five‐factor structure: Detached, Submissive, Suspicious, High Social Energy, and General Distress. The present work operationalizes these two sets of factors into scales for use by clinicians and researchers. The resultant scales show excellent reliabilities across three subject samples (N= 253,N= 185,N= 184) and demonstrate appropriate convergent and divergent validity estimates against the MCMI

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<47::AID-JCLP2270460108>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Anxiety Symptoms Interview (ASI) is a diagnostic instrument designed to identify agoraphobia (with and without panic attacks), panic disorder, social phobia, and obsessive compulsive disorder according to DSM‐III criteria. The present study evaluated the diagnostic validity of this instrument by examining the extent to which ASI diagnoses assigned to 73 clinic patients agreed with diagnoses determined by clinicians. Most kappa coefficients and other concordance indicators were in the acceptable range or above, a finding that held for diagnoses overall and for specific diagnoses of agoraphobia with panic attacks, social phobia, and obsessive compulsive disorder. However, none of the 73 patients had clinician‐assigned diagnoses of panic disorder (that is, without agoraphobia) or agoraphobia without panic. Limitations and applications of the ASI are discus

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<52::AID-JCLP2270460109>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBeck's model of depression was examined with 110 hospitalized adolescents. Intercorrelations among measures of cognitive distortions and depression supported the downward extension of Beck's theorizing to adolescent inpatients. Inconsistencies between data sources (parent vs. child) suggest possible self‐report contamination or the insensitivities of adult caregivers to the subjective elements of depression. The findings also may relate to unstable, developmental aspects of depressed episode

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<57::AID-JCLP2270460110>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImpulsivity is a common consequence of brain damage, one with negative prognostic implications. To attempt to study the incidence of impulsivity after lateralized cerebral lesions, 93 patients (50 RBD, 43 LBD) and 24 normal controls were administered the Matching Familiar Figures Test, a visual match‐to‐sample task in a multiple‐choice format. The groups differed significantly (RBD

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<60::AID-JCLP2270460111>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY