摘要:

Artificial intelligence techniques can be used to solve problems using a heuristic approach. This paper deals with a model able to verify whether there is groundwater in a given place, the quantity available and its quality. The system has been implemented in the logic programming language Prolog and runs on a personal computer under MS-DOS. The knowledge base has been constructed using degrees of certainty and other factors. The model has been applied to a region in Southern Italy, where data are available. The first results are encouraging and further questions about groundwater quantity and quality are being examined.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492480

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Water management under drought conditions is a challenging task to irrigation and agricultural engineers. The parameters of interest in identifying drought include onset, termination and severity. In this paper, a methodology to identify those parameters from the available historic data on streamflow and rainfall having seasonal pattern is proposed. The methodology follows and modifies a procedure by Herbstet al.(1966) suggested for the analysis of drought. This modified methodology is applied to the streamflow series of the Bhadra river and the mean areal rainfall series for the catchment of the Bhadra reservoir in Karnataka State, India. The droughts identified by the proposed methodology are concurrent with the historically realized droughts, thus proving the viability and applicability of the methodology in the identification of drought conditions.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492481

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Rainfall catches from three standard MKII Meteorological Office gauges are examined. These gauges differ in that one is exposed, one is surrounded by a turf wall and the third is mounted at ground level. Rainfall records between 1976 and 1988 are analysed to assess the variations in rainfall catch between the three types of gauge. During the early period of study, differences between gauges exceeded those in later years and this has been attributed to the settling-in of the new turf wall and ground level collector surfaces. After this initial period the annual differences in catch relative to the standard exposed gauge are 2% and 5% for the turf wall and ground level gauges respectively. Regression analysis has produced correction equations which can convert standard exposed gauge data to either turf wall or ground level equivalents. The equation for ground level/exposed gauges is found to be very similar to one developed in Nigeria and has been found to be applicable to water balance studies elsewhere.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492482

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Rhythmic springs (ebb and flow springs, intermittent springs, potajnice) belong to the group of springs which appear exclusively in karstified terrains. The paper describes various types of rhythmic springs and gives their classification. It also develops a mathematical model for the functioning of this type of springs based on the principle of recharge and emptying of the underground reservoir through siphon action. Applying this model, according to the observed hydrographs of some rythmic springs in Yugoslavia, the paper explains in detail the structure of the underground reservoir located in the karst.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492483

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Water appears to be one of the most abundant molecules in the Universe. It dominates the environment of the Earth and is a main constituent of numerous planets, moons and comets. On a far greater scale it possibly contributes to the so called “missing mass” of the Universe and may initiate the birth of stars inside the giant molecular clouds. This paper gives a brief description of water and ice environments with an emphasis on their possible origin and subsequent development in the Solar System. Expanding the scope of hydrology to cover phenomena encountered on other celestial bodies is postulated and discussed.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492484

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A new method of evaluation of the response of a water table to artificial recharge is presented. The solution is formulated in the form of a simple numerical model. The model has several advantages over the traditional methods of mounding prediction. The effect of the unsaturated zone, which modifies the recharge rate as compared with the infiltration rate, is considered. Mounding is calculated for a variable recharge rate induced by a variable infiltration rate. Also, the effect of in-transit water in reducing the tillable pore space above a rising water table is considered. The validity of the model results is illustrated using several sets of field data collected in the Ghazvin Plain (Iran). Sample calculations proved that the model predicts mounding more accurately than the traditional methods and, therefore, more realistic recommendations for the design and operation of artificial recharge schemes are possible using the model.

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492485

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492486

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492487

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492489

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0262-6667    

DOI:10.1080/02626669109492490

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor