摘要:

AbstractDie Dimensionen der kristallinen Bereiche von Regeneratcellulosefasern wurden mittels Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie, Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung und Röntgenweitwinkeldiffraktion bestimmt. In befriedigender Übereinstimmung wurden nach allen drei Methoden folgende Abmessungen gefunden: Länge: 120–140 Å, Breite: 80–100 Å, Dicke: 30–40 Å. Die breite Ebene der blättchenförmigen Kristallite verläuft parallel zur 101‐Netzebene, die schmale Kantenebene parallel zur 101‐Netzebene. Die Kristallite bilden Ketten mit einer Länge von 1500 bis 5500 Å, die teilweise zu Clustern mit einem Durchmesser von 300 bis 600 Å gebündelt sind, teilweise durch Zonen geringerer Dichte voneinander getrennt sind. Die Abstände zwischen den kristallinen Bereichen betragen in Längs‐ u

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380101

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPorous methyl methacrylate‐di(methacryloyloxymethyl)‐naphthalene (DMN) copolymers were subjected to superficial grafting processes with engagement of double bonds present in the polymer structure. Grafting monomers were acrylic and methacrylic acids, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, and glycidyl methacrylate. Grafted copolymers were investigated by elemental analysis, infra‐red measurements, adsorptiondesorption isotherms of nitrogen and scanning electron microscopy. Irrespective of low grafting efficiency, the changes due to grafting with respect to the parent copolymers were easy to ob

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380102

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTransport processes in the systems sulfonic acid membranes (NAFION‐120 or MRF‐26)/sulfuric acid solutions are discussed applying non‐equilibrium thermodynamic approach.For this purpose the phenomenological resistance and friction as well as coupling coefficients were calculated. The coefficients were extended to all the components, i.e. hydrogen ions, sulfuric acid anions, water, and polymer network.As the most important feature determining transport phenomena, the interaction between anions and the polymer network, having a maximum at the same relative concentration of sorbed acid to that of fixed charges in both membranes, was recognized.The second factor is the specificity of hydrogen ions, resulting in a small interaction of those ions with the polymer network, as well as essential coupling of large hydrogen ions and water st

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380103

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolyester resins were prepared from chlorendic acid, maleic anhydride, and ethylene‐ and/or propylene‐glycol. The resins were cured at room temperature with two different crosslinking agents including styrene and methyl methacrylate. The thermal behaviour of these polyester resins and their cured products was studied. From the thermogravimetric data it was observed that the polyester resins cured with styrene are thermally more stable than the methyl methacrylate cured products. It was also observed that the polyester resin prepared from propylene glycol is thermally more stable relatively than the ethylene glycol based polyester resin. The activation energies of thermal degradation of the resins and their cured products were calculated. The implications of these results are discus

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380104

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objective of the investigations was to compare flocculating properties of three different water soluble resins: poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, with molecular mass Mv= 3.94 · 106g/mol; polyacrylamide, PAAm, Mv= 2.1 · 106g/mol, and tetramethyl‐2,6‐ionene bromide, ionene, Mw= 1500 g/mol. In each case the Healy‐La Mer theory proved to be valid due to the appearence of maximum points on both the subsidence w vs. polymer concentration c, and acceleration aQvs. c curves. The ratios of these maximum values determined on aluminium silicate suspensions are as follows:\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\begin{array}{l} {\rm w}_{\rm max} ({\rm PEO}):{\rm w}_{\rm max} ({\rm PAAm):w}_{\rm max} ({\rm ionene}) = 5128:333:1 \\ {\rm a}_{\rm Q, max} ({\rm PEO):a}_{\rm Q, max} ({\rm PAAm):a}_{\rm Q, max}({\rm ionene}) = 1.84:2.68:1.\\ \end{array}$$ \end{document}Contrary to aluminium silicate suspension dispersed TiO2particles are not flocculated by PEO, although zeta potentials in both cases were found to be close up to each other, i.e. −16.68 and −16.38 mV, respectively. Nonetheless, the investigations carried out revealed the possibility to convert the high molecular weight PEO from being a stabilizer of the TiO2suspension into a flocculant by means of interpolymer complexation with the ionene, i.e. a polyammonium salt. The ratios of maximum values related to complexes prepared with different unit mole ratios (u.m.r., values indicated in parantheses) are as follows:\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm w}_{\rm max} (0):{\rm w}_{\rm max} (0.5):{\rm w}_{\rm max} (1.0):{\rm w}_{\rm max} (2.0):{\rm w}_{\rm max} (\infty ) = 0:1.2:1.7:1.25:1 $$\end{document}and\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm a}_{\rm Q, max} (0):{\rm a}_{\rm Q, max} (0.5):{\rm a}_{\rm Q, max}(1.0):{\rm a}_{\rm Q, max} (2.0):{\rm a}_{\rm Q, max} (\infty) = 0:0.70:0.60:0.60:1. $$\end{document}Values at u.m.r. = 0 refer to uncomplexed PEO and at u.m.r. = ∞ to the uncomplexed ionene,

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380105

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEn vue de la mise au point de biocides macromoléculaires destinés à être utilisés en tant que liants dans des formulations peinture, divers agents biocides, principalement des phénols, ont été transformés en monomères acryliques et méthacryliques. L'aptitude de ces monomères à l'homopolymérisation et à la copolymérisation avec des comonomères classiques (styrène, esters acryliques) a été étudiée par processus radicalaire. Les monomères actifs, leurs homo et copolymères ont été caractérisés par les méthodes habituelles de spectrographie infra‐rouge, RMN1H et13C, analyse élémentair

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380106

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThermogravimetry was used to investigate petroleum and coal tar pitches undergoing pyrolysis in an atmosphere of air and nitrogen at three different heating rates.Pyrolysis of pitches in air is a three‐stage process, whereas in nitrogen two stages were found.A kinetic analysis of the thermogravimetric data has been made. The orders and activation energies have been determined for each stage of decomposition using the methods of Kissinger, Freeman, and Hütting

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380107

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractShort glass fiber reinforced polypropylene is one of the composites with the widest range of applications in the plastics industry. The partial replacement of the glass fibers by sepiolite, brings forth a hybrid composite with better mechanical properties and, as a result, enhanced compatibility and better interfacial adhesion as a consequence of the surface properties of the sepiolite. The results obtained are also interesting from a practical point of view, as they allow for considerable reductions in the costs of the formulation.

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380108

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe synthesis of a fully aromatic oligoamide by low temperature interfacial polycondensation between terephthaloyl chloride and 1,4‐phenylenediamine is reported. The reaction product was characterized with respect to its physical properties and chemical structure by infrared, X‐rays, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), and mass spectroscopic techniques. Elemental and thermal analysis, as well as viscosimetric and titrimetric methods were applied to evaluate the average molecular weight of the oligomer, whose chain length consists mainly of 3 to 4 monomeric un

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380109

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLe chromatographe par perméation de gel (CPG) muni du seul détecteur réfractomètrique est insuffisant pour la caractérisation des polymères. Une combinaison de trois détecteurs, un réfractomètre, un viscosimètre et un spectrophotomètre infrarouge, est nécessaire pour analyser un polymère présentant une hétérogénéité chimique et moléculaire. Malheureusement l'utilisation des réponses brutes de ces détecteurs conduit à des résultats erronés. Dans ce travail les différentes sources d'erreurs sont iden

ISSN:0003-3146    

DOI:10.1002/apmc.1986.051380110

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY