ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217587

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Various coefficients in radioimmunoassays are expressed in a series of equations. These equations provide an approach to estimating the number of epitopes on a multivalent antigen as well as a macromolecular topogram. In this paper, pig insulin (Ins), horse myoglobin (Mb), human serum albumin (HSA), human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and adrhepatitis B type virus surface antigen (HBsAg) were chosen as objects of study. The number of epitopes was calculated to be Ins = 2, Mb = 5, HSA = 16, AFP = 6, HBsAg = 146. These epitope numbers, calculated by equations, were very similar to those previously identified experimentally. This suggests that our theoretical approach may be useful in predicting the number of epitopes on other macromolecules of biological and clinical interest.

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217588

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Monoclonal antibody MA5 [ 1 ] recognizes an epitope present on the surface and in the cytoplasm of human breast cancer cells [2] and on the human milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). These immunoreactive determinants are found on tumor-associated glycoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 280 and 300 kdaltons, whereas the cross-related milk fat globule membrane antigen appears larger (330 kdaltons). Comparative electrophoretic migration analyses following neuraminidase digestion, as well as differential binding to various lectins, established that these molecules are extensively sialylated, and that the tumor antigens were sialylated to a greater extent than normal antigen. Immunoaffinity purification of this class of differentiation antigens from tumor and MFGM demonstrated similar size distributions, lectin affinities and buoyant densities as their respective crude antigens.

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217589

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was purified from human brain to a specific activity of 91 U/mg with no demonstrable impurities. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 96,000, consists of two subunits of 47,000, and has an isoelectric point at pH 4.5. A radioimmunoassay based on antibody raised in sheep was established. The assay has a sensitivity of 2 μg/l, and an interassay coefficient of variation of 6.4% at 10 μg/l. The reference limit was defined as 10 μg/l, as found in sera from a population of 389 persons. Of 50 untreated patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 70% had NSE levels above 10 μg/l. None of 170 patients with non-SCLC neoplasms had elevated enzyme lev

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217590

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The human placenta secretes various fetoplacental proteins, including a trophoblast membrane (TM)-bound alkaline phosphatase. Five TM-originated proteins (TOPs), molecular weights 100, 39, 37, 35, and 26 kilodaltons (kDa), were isolated from placental blood by using an anti-TM Sepharose immunoaffinity column. Apparently, these five TOPs are secreted from TM into the maternal circulation during pregnancy. One of these five TOP bands (26 kDa) was identified by Western blot analysis to be human placental lactogen. The other four bands are newly identified as trophoblast-specific proteins and, therefore, could have potential diagnostic applications as serum markers for monitoring tumor development.

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217591

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tissue copper content has been evaluated in 4 murine mammary adenocarcinomas, 1 murine lung adenocarcinoma and their respective metastases. Histochemical techniques have been used to analyze copper distribution in tumor tissues. It is observed that the degree of copper staining is inversely related to tumor differentiation. As the copper level reflects one of the metabolic changes in the host carrying the tumor, it is suggested that it could be used as a good marker for tumor differentiation.

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217592

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217593

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1010-4283    

DOI:10.1159/000217594

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger