摘要:

A review of the literature on the effects of short‐term isolation on aggressive behaviour in a variety of fishes reveals different approaches and often conflicting results. This diversity is attributed to a number of factors, including different experimental conditions and specific differences in habitat, behavioural repertoire and social system. Some common trends are identified and the main hypotheses proposed to account for the different results are discussed. Some methodological issues as well as proximate and ultimate mechanisms are examined, and the importance of a standard experimental paradigm in comparative research emphasised.

ISSN:1023-6244    

DOI:10.1080/10236240009387083

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We examined the effects of midline and off midline incision locations, and incisions closed with monofilament or silk suture on spontaneous swimming behaviour in fish. Each fish had a dummy transmitter surgically implanted into its peritoneal cavity. The behaviour of fish in each treatment was estimated using three different measures: the number of C‐turns performed, the number of sprints performed, and the total distance travelled. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) among treatments with respect to the number of C‐turns or sprints made. Fish closed with monofilament with an off midline incision travelled significantly less distance (p= 0.014) than fish closed with monofilament and a midline incision, but neither treatment was significantly different from control fish. The three measures of behaviour: C‐turns, sprints and distance travelled, were not affected either by the amount of inflammation at the incision site or by the amount of inflammation at the entry and exit points of the sutures, regardless of the treatment. The surgical techniques tested had little effect on fish behaviour post surgery, regardless of inflammation levels. It seems that behaviour of fish may not be affected by surgery, but further testing examining more subtle behaviours will have to be performed.

ISSN:1023-6244    

DOI:10.1080/10236240009387084

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The tropical holothurians,Holothuria leucospilota, Bohadschia argusandB. marmorataresponded to tactile stimulation by expelling Cuvierian tubules in proportion to the intensity of the stimulation. They were able to target the stimulated area with variable success depending on the location of the stimulus. Held surveys showed that 2.3–6.1% ofH. leucospilotapresented signs of having recently used their Cuvierian tubules and laboratory experiments revealed that they released tubules in response to several natural predators. The tubules did not adhere nor cause any distress to fish, but proved effective in discouraging attacks. Crabs, molluscs and echino‐derms were entangled and also efficiently repelled.H. leucospilotawithout tubules were wounded and even killed by predators that were usually discouraged by tubule discharge. Conversely, after having induced the release of tubules once, 96% of the predators placed in the presence ofH. leucospilotathree days later remained at a distance. Released tubules that did not adhere to any surface were quickly retracted, while regeneration of a complete set of tubules took 15–18 days. The release of Cuvierian tubules by tropical holothurians therefore appears to be a sensitive defence mechanism. Data onH. leucospilotafurther suggest that they are readily used against predators in the field.

ISSN:1023-6244    

DOI:10.1080/10236240009387085

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1023-6244    

DOI:10.1080/10236240009387082

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor