ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIf community psychology is to profit from its experience to develop an accurate and consistent theory of the effect on individuals of societal pressures, it will need to review reflexively its own position in relation to politics and empowerment. Despite an inspirational and at times positively grandiose rhetoric, psychologists are in fact in no particularly powerful position to influence the factors which cause personal distress, and should not, through a pretence of therapeutic potency, ‘psychologize’ the notion of ‘empowerment’ and reinforce therapeutic ideals which are in fact destructively normative. Without attempting to appropriate politics, community psychology can, however, offer an essentially scientific analysis of power and distress, which may have therapeutically ‘demystifying’ qualities as well as important political implications for the wi

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDemystification, eschewing roles that disempower others and enhancing accessibility to the tools of knowledge, are consistent with the aims of community and applied social psychology. Although a focus onpsychologicalempowerment can be a distraction from the need for actual power, it can also enhance it. Psychologists who avoid victim blaming and individual causal attribution biases can contribute to the discourse about social change. This requires both a reinterpretation of the known facts, and a reframing of social analysis. Social scientists and professionals are today's theologians and priests. Our power lies in our legitimation as interpreters of social reality. Teaching the psychology of empowerment, participative decision making and informed consent can influence the powerful as well as the powerless.

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMigrants have to deal with a number of stressors, among them tenacious job search and the constitution of a new social network. Prolonged unemployment and lack of social support can result in impaired health. A sample of 235 East Germans was investigated at three times during two years following their transition to West Berlin in 1989, after the breakdown of the communist system. The majority found a job during this time and succeeded to adapt psychosocially. Those, however, who remained unemployed were worse off in terms of self‐reported health. This stress—health relationship was moderated, however, by social support. Within the group of migrants who suffered from long‐term joblessness, social support exerted a longitudinal buffer effect. At Wave 3, frequent physical symptoms were reported only by migrants who neither held a job nor received support. In a longitudinal causal model, the employment status affected mainly health complaints, but also social support. The relationship between health and support was found to be reciprocal over

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBereaved people are at greater risk of losing their lives than the non‐bereaved. This paper explores the evidence on this ‘bereavement—mortality relationship’, to establish who among the bereaved are most vulnerable to such dire consequences of loss. Information is drawn from several sources, including epidemiological research on sociodemographic variables, analyses of causes of death and recent empirical studies that have identified differences between bereaved decedents and survivors. The survey shows that risk factors interact in complex ways to determine level of vulnerability. A simple explanation in terms of ‘broken heart’ cannot account for the pattern of results. Some bereaved subgroups are more vulnerable to death than others, excess risk occurs across a variety of causes of death (suggesting different underlying processes), and personal characteristics in combination with circumstantial factors lead to high vulnerability. It is concluded that two types of process underlie the bereavement–mortality relationship. These are related: (a) to the direct effects of grief (broken heart); and (b) to secondary consequences associated with the stress o

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA state‐wide substance abuse prevention programme, entitled KidsInTouch, incorporated a multifaceted approach involving: (a) media‐based interventions; and (b) parent training workshops. KidsInTouch was targeted at parents and their children, ages five to 12 years. The media‐based interventions attempted to increase children's and parents' awareness and knowledge about substance abuse and prevention. In addition, the intervention advertised and solicited audience participation in parent training workshops. Parents participating in the parent training workshops, in comparison to the control parents, evidenced significant improvement in both alcohol and other drug knowledge and parenting skills. The implications of using the media and involving children and their parents in substance abuse prevention programmes are disc

ISSN:1052-9284    

DOI:10.1002/casp.2450040111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY