ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040101

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a world of high technology, it is paramount to gain a thorough understanding of the factors and forces that shape and stimulate innovation. Herein, innovation is characterized as a process of organizational intervention where rationality is valued more for its process than for its results. An interactive dialectical process of learning leads to innovative solutions through the reconceptualization of models and of organizational logics. The roles of metamodeling and of metaknowledge in innovation are also outlined.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe primary aim in this paper is to look at research as a formal process from the standpoint of a newcomer to GST. The mental operations required of the researchers in linking specific GST concepts to research practice are scrutinized. The need for a reciprocal ‘fit’ between the theoretical and empirical aspects in a theoretically‐based research process is stressed. As the abstract nature of GST can pose problems, similarities as well as differences between the mental operations called for in studies guided by a discipline‐specific theoretical rationale and GST‐based research are spelled out.The various formal steps in the research process are illustrated by reference to selected facets of a GST‐guided, semi‐experimental naturalistic study of the adaptation of couples to first pregnancy. The focus is on demonstrating the researcher's way of thinking, some of the problems encountered and the approach to their solution,not on the contentof the studyper se. A formal model of institutional entry, based on GST‐derived strategies for gaining access to rigid and highly stratified institutional systems, is included. Naturalistic research in medical and similar public settings is often jeopardized due to difficulties in securing entry into such systems. Researchers concerned with the family unit and, more particularly, with its functioning during first pregnancy, may be interested in a formal model of intra‐couple adaptation developed during the study and awaiting further

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents an environment and a methodology for system modelling. The environment provides a powerful, language independent, infrastructure for the transformation of problems to programs. The methodology is designed to account for the representational distortions found throughout the various phases of problem refinement and resolution. It is thus useful within the software lifecycle and can form the infrastructure for the development of Expert Systems.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model of a set of interacting sectors is proposed. Dynamic equations governing the motions of sectoral productions are chosen. A supplementary equation establishing equilibrium of the national budget is obtained. The contradictory effects of technical change on the economic system are studied, as this change destroys employment by replacing men with machines and computers and also creates new sectors and employment. The paper studies a particular case of an economic system in which technical change globally destroys employment. Stimulation of the economic system can be done either by inducement to consumption or by inducement to production. In order to maintain total consumption and production, the paper shows that it is necessary to increase the purchase power of consumers and to create new sectors absorbing a lot of working hours per production unit. To obtain this, good quality products needing a lot of working hours must gradually replace all identical factory products needing less and less working hours.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe methodology of Systems Analysis needs tools for avoiding misunderstanding within an interdisciplinary group of experts and decision‐makers. A possible solution of the problem is to introduce a common tool for communication which could be perceived/cognized by everyone involved in such a group. Trying to apply Systems Analysis to the notion of Systems Analysis itself, essentially by treating the triplet reality‐model‐researcher, the paper concentrates on those aspects of the perceptual organization of the researcher that allows him to see and conceptualize a given reality as a system. That is an attempt to build a proper Verbal Model which may appear to contain the possible solution of the problem. “Any system is a logical configuration of the significant elements in a selected problem area” (Adrian M. McDon

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the relationship between contemporary conception of Systems research and the idea of Progress. Consequently this paper is written in five parts. (1) Prologue: why systems thinkers and systems researchers must deal with the idea of Progress. (2) On defining the concept of Progress. (3) Historical background of the concept. (4) Progress and its relation to systems theoretical works and particularly to Social Systems Sciences called S3. (5) Progress and the nature of contentment. That is, the idea of contentment necessitates a place for redefining our conception of Progress.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850040110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY