ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060101

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article is written to answer an Editorial on publication strategies and to attempt to study the areas of stated interest as well as the publication mix ofSystems Researchfor the first four volumes of its existence. It is suggested that the following designators be used to classify the articles published inSystems Research:1. First designator to indicate the article's Discipline.2. Second designator to indicate its Level of Inquiry.3. Third designator to indicate its Specific Application Area.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStarting with resistance to change as a real‐world, practical ground for understanding the apparent irrationality of human behavior, this paper proceeds to sketch a theory of rationality. Rejecting the logical/linguistic framework of rationality, we adopt the pragmatic/behavioral one instead, and within that framework build a conceptual base. The outline of the theory is embodied in seven fundamental propositions. The highlight of the theory is a postulate stating that all purposeful human behavior is rational. This postulate derives from a theory in which purposeful behavior is conceptually based on three types of assumptions. It is argued that the attribution of irrationality to others is itself a form of purposeful behavior, and therefore assumption‐based. The observer's lack of information about the actor's assumptions is viewed as the underlying explanation of his attribution of irrationality to the actor's behav

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany social systems in the past and in the present have evinced a lack of humanity. This may be attributed, at least in part, to the reductionistic ideas that have underpinned social design. These ideas have failed to see the multi‐modal character of human life, and as such, ignore the things that matter the most to mankind, such as love, faith and purpose. These operate in their own modalities and cannot be understood on the basis of economics, logic, physics or any other modal sphere.An alternative approach to social design takes advantage of the homomorphism that exists between modalities, by transducing the order of one modality into another. If applied, this approach would lead to a more humane design of social system

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInquiry toward object systems too often has the support of only a limited disciplinary perspective. The practice of system science offers an opportunity to frame a design of inquiry. A systemic design of inquiry toward object systems evolves into a Meta inquiry of inquiry. Three levels of Meta awareness are indicated and organized from the trace of Systems Research publications. An ethic toward building the systemic premise by the awareness of an epistemic design is both recognized and urged for developmental evolution.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhilosophy has recently witnessed a radical critique of the epistemological tradition centered on the notion of representation. It is here argued that such a critique is relevant to the current endeavors of Artificial Intelligence, both in its broad (i.e. as an attempt to elucidate human cognitive capacities) and narrow (i.e. as a practical concern to develop ‘intelligent’ systems, e.g. expert systems) definitions. It is shown that many of the recurrent problems faced by AI researchers stem from their espousal of the old paradigm conceptions of ‘knowledge’, ‘understanding’, ‘justification’, and the like. Some suggestions concerning a possible alternative for such conce

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis search for a better understanding of transduction starts by investigating the process of input transduction at the cell surface, using the β‐adrenergic receptor‐coupled adenylate cyclase system as an example. From the findings, a cybernetic model of this important cellular transducing system is developed. The forward network shows both inhibitory and stimulatory input through specific receptors and transducers into a common amplifier. The output signal from the amplifier is then transduced by an internal transducing system into specific changes within the cell's operations. Closure is provided by two negative feedback loops which control the active receptor's output into the whole system. It is concluded that the high gain potential provided by multistage amplification enables the system to respond to weak input signals and gives it greater scope for sensory adaptation. Adaptation by feedback loops prevents receptor saturation, reduces distortion, stabilizes gain and makes the system sensitive to change, not to the level of signal. The model suggests increasing domination of the total system by the feedback network, in which case the behaviour of the cell would depend mainly on its control of percep

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrom Shannon's informational entropy concepts, equations for entropy, excess entropy, excess entropy production and efficiency were used to analyze the performance of a hypothetical corporation.

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0731-7239    

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850060110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY