ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Arm exercise training has been advocated for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to improve functional capacity. However, little clinical experience regarding the value of this form of exercise training or comparison of the physiologic differences between leg and arm exercise in patients with COPD has been reported. The authors compared hemodynamic and respiratory responses during maximal treadmill and arm ergometry exercise in 24 men with COPD. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, minute ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), oxygen saturation, and oxygen pulse were similar at peak levels of leg and arm exercise. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2) was significantly higher during maximal leg exercise (1.03 ± 0.39 vs 0.87 ± 0.29 L/min, P < 0.01). Conversely, peak ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide were significantly lower during leg exercise compared with arm exercise (41.5 ± 9.7 vs 46.6 ± 14.2 and 34.4 ± 8.3 vs 47.0 ± 12.7 L/L, respectively, P < 0.05). Significant correlations were found among ±2, ±E, tidal volume, and ±CO2at peak levels of leg and arm exercise. ±Eat peak exercise also showed a significant correlation with the pre-exercise forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) during both types of exercise. The authors concluded that, in men with COPD, maximum leg and arm exercise produced similar results in many but not all measurements of respiratory function. The limited capacity of patients with COPD to perform arm exercise might impair development of a clinically significant training effect during a formal program of upper extremity exercise.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study compared the training heart rate and oxygen uptake (±O2) computed from commonly used exercise prescription methods with heart rate, ±O2, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) that corresponds to the gas exchange anaerobic threshold (ATge) in three groups. The three groups were composed of 25 patients with cardiac disease taking beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (BB), 25 patients not taking beta-blockers (NBB), and 25 younger healthy individuals. The training heart rate was computed using 70% heart rate reserve, 70% maximal heart rate, and 85% maximal heart rate. The training ±O2was computed using 57% maximum oxygen uptake (±O2max) and 78% ±O2max. For the total group, all three methods computed training heart rates that differed from the heart rate at ATge (P < 0.01). The smallest difference from heart rate at ATge resulted using the 70% maximal heart rate method (6 beats/min). Both methods for computing training ±O2resulted in values that were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the ±O2at the ATge. Using 57% ±O2maxresulted in a difference of 0.79 mL/kg-1. There were no between-group differences for the RPE at the anaerobic threshold (11.0 ± 2.1 for the total group). Recalculating each prescription method so the training heart rates and ±O2did not differ from the ATge values resulted in using 52.8% heart rate reserve, 74.3% maximal heart rate, and 61.7% ±O2max.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study evaluated the effect of different methods of upper extremity load distribution on the hemodynamic and metabolic demands of carrying a specified weight-load in men with coronary artery disease. Twelve men with coronary artery disease carried 30 and 50 pounds while walking on a treadmill (2.0 mph, 0% grade) using the following three common weight-carrying modes: load carried in the dominant hand at the side, load carried in two hands in front at hip level, and load shared equally in two hands at the sides. Oxygen uptake and heart rates were lowest (P < 0.05) when the load was carried in two hands at the sides compared with the load was carried in two hands at the sides compared with the other two methods. The pressor response was highest when the weight-load was carried in one hand to the side. Weight-carrying tolerance with the 50-pound load was least when the weight was carried in one hand to the side. The authors concluded that distributing a weight-load equally between two hands at the sides was the mosthemodynamically and metabolically efficient method of upper extremity load distribution and that carrying the load in one hand to the side was the most demanding. These findings have practical implications for the conduction of clinical weight-carrying evaluations and for counseling patients with coronary artery disease.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The cardiovascular effects of shoveling in a cold environment were determined in ten men who were 40 to 61 years of age. Subjects shoveled in a thermoneutral environment (TN) (22.2 ± 1.2 °C), a cold environment (C) (4.9 ± 1.3 °C), and a cold with wind environment (CW) (4.8 ± 1.3 °C and 1.9 m/second). Comparisons were also made between older subjects and younger subjects and patients with low percentages of body fat and patients with high percentages of body fat. Heart rate (HR) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in CW (107.4 ± 3.9 beats/min) than in TN (120.2 ± 3.2 beats/min). Postshoveling systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in C (132.8 ± 4.1 mm Hg) than in TN (119.1 ± 3.3 mm Hg), resulting in no difference in postshoveling rate-pressure product (RPP) between environments. Mean postshoveling diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was significantly lower in older subjects compared with younger subjects in both C and CW. All mean cardiovascular responses were higher in patients with higer relative body fatness compared with patients with lower percent body fat in C and/or CW. It was concluded that healthy men shoveling at 5 METS or less in C or CW demonstrate a protective effect of a lower HR to an increasing postshoveling SBP. This resulted in no significant difference in postshoveling RPP and implies a safe shoveling level. Also, older subjects showed a lower DBP in C and CW, suggesting thermorgulatory age differences in the cold. In subjects with a high percentage of body fat, the greater cardiovascular strain suggests greater heat storage while shoveling and is independent of environment.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Improvement in exercise endurance and quality of life have been demonstrated after comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation. It is unclear, however, whether improvement in these two areas is related. To evaluate this, the authors compared changes in 12-minute walking distance with changes in quality of life in 44 patients completing a 6-week outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. Quality of life was measured with the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnarie, a self-report tool that assesses dyspnea, fatigue, emotional function, and disease mastery.After completing an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program, substatial improvement was found in the 12-minute walking distance and all four dimensions of the quality of life score. Despite these gains, there was no significant relationship found between change in the 12-minute walking distance and change in the quality of life score or any of its dimensions. This suggests that improvement in quality of life does not necessarily depend on improvement in exercise endurance, and both outcome measures should be used to evaluate the effectiveness of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID