ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There are several cardiovascular parameters that change with the normal aging process in both animal models and man, which may affect the response to exercise. Although the aging process is associated with normal resting contractile function, diastolic properties are altered resulting in reduced and delayed early left ventricular filling and an enhanced atrial contribution to end diastolic volume. Exercise cardiac output is maintained in healthy elderly individuals, however, there is a shift from reliance on an increase in heart rate and decrease in end systolic volume to use of the Frank-Starling mechanism to increase stroke volume. This age difference in the cardiovascular response to exercise is probably mediated by an age associated decreased responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There have been suggestions that the elderly are extremely inactive, with important implications for both the testing of their fitness status and the subsequent design of exercise programs. This report briefly reviews methods of measurement and current evidence concerning the habitual activity patterns of senior citizens. It also considers their perceptions of vigorous exercise, exploring the hypothesis that a distortion of perceived exertion contributes to a lack of physical activity in the elderly.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Regular exercise is an attractive strategy to enhance active life expectancy and is associated with reduced all-cause mortality. Functional aerobic capacity is improved by aerobic conditioning and can be correlated with functional aerobic age based on the observed duration of multi-staged treadmill exercise testing and a nomogram presented herein. Aging is associated with a decline in functional aerobic capacity. Regular exercise probably forestalls or attenuates the rate of decline. The relative aerobic cost of physical activity increases with age. Thus, brisk walking results in conditioning effects for many older individuals. Regular activity leading to conditioning will also lower relative aerobic costs of everyday activities. Examples are provided to show that physical training can lower functional aerobic age in men with coronary heart disease as can successful coronary artery revascularization. Several approaches are available to minimize functional deterioration associated with chronic coronary artery disease superimposed on age-related decline.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although numerous modalities for treatment of CAD continue to emerge, exercise testing remains the standard method used in the evaluation and management of individuals with heart disease. The applications of exercise testing continue to increase as additional information becomes available regarding methodology and test interpretation. The application of exercise testing in the elderly requires special understanding and consideration. This report discusses the principles and practice of exercise testing in this important group.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Before beginning an exercise program, elderly subjects should have a maximal exercise test, usually performed on a treadmill. This allows risk stratification and the determination of individual maximal heart rate to be made. Exercise intensity is prescribed and monitored on the basis of the maximal heart rate response. In older individuals, exercise intensity, frequency, and type of exercise are modified to maximize training while minimizing cardiovascular and musculoskeletal complications.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Aerobic exercise has been associated with improvements not only in physiologic functioning, but also in psychologic functioning. This review examines the effects of exercise on several important aspects of psychologic functioning. Many studies of healthy subjects indicate that exercise is associated with benefits in various aspects of psychologic functioning, including enhanced mood and cognitive functioning, reduced psychophysiologic reactivity to stress, and behavioral adjustments. However, the results have been inconsistent, and past studies have been plagued by methodologic problems. Furthermore, few exercise studies have been conducted with older cardiac patients. Thus, the relationship between psychologic functioning and exercise in older cardiac patients is an important area for further investigation.

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0883-9212    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID