摘要:

Although a good deal of empirical research is available on the measurement of turkey body weight gain response to fat supplementation, none has attempted to study the economics of optimizing fat level in turkey diets. This study focuses on deriving the optimal fat level in turkey diets. The methodology used should also apply to any nonruminant species (swine and poultry).

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb02033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A theoretical model is presented which integrates the consumption and production components of the rural household. A theoretically determined system of expenditure equations, derived factor demand equations and an off‐farm labor supply equation are estimated using primary data for Saskatchewan farm households. From the empirical results we conclude that if the wage rate can be observed or estimated, the farm household's behavior can be explained empirically in a manner consistent with received theory.Summary and ConclusionsA theoretical model integrating the consumption and production sides of the farm household or enterprise is estimated empirically using primary data for Saskatchewan farm households. The farm household was assumed to maximize its utility function subject to farm production and cash flow constraints. The empirical results indicate that the theoretical model can be estimated successfully even when data are sparse. While the coefficients for the expenditure, derived demand, and off‐farm labor supply equations are consistent with coefficients from similar equations estimated separately by others, the theoretically more precise integrated approach specifies the simultaneous effect of the variables across equations.From the empirical results and the theoretical considerations it is obvious that the wage rate is a key explanatory variable in the model. The wage rate links the three components of the model–final expenditures, the derived input demands and off‐farm labor hours. The wage rate is one determinant of the allocation of the operator's time (although other factors such as the nature of the operation and opportunities to work off‐farm dominated in this study), and both the wage rate and the allocation of the time determine the eventual income available to the rural household. In essence, then, the problem of explaining farm household behavior when the household's business enterprise function cannot be separated from its consumption activity is similar to that of traditional models based on the theory of the firm and models of consumer behavior. The only difference is that the wage rate is observable in the traditional models but needs to be estimated as a shadow price in models which seek to explain rural household behavior. As a result, research in this area must start with an explanation of the allocation of (at least) the operator's labor and a measure of the shadow wage rate. If the entire household's allocation of time between on‐farm and off‐farm labor and leisure is determined, it is possible to treat its consumption and production activities separately. Further research is required to extend the model to explain household labor supply to both the farm and off‐far

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb02034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAgriculture is at a crossroads in terms of how it will be financed. Debt capital as a source of capital to establish farmers will become less important as lenders become more conservative and base their ioan decisions more on real repayment capacity. Very serious questions have to be asked about the relevance of many provincial and federal lending programs for the coming years. A rethinking of the role of government in farm credit is now under way and will continue in the future.New programs must be developed for the farmers of the future which will allow them to become and remain established in a low or deflationary environment.

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe Standing Senate Committee on Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry held extensive hearings throughout Canada in I98I1 to assess soil degradation. They concluded that unless action is taken quickly, the country will lose a major portion of its agricultural capability.The paper examined this conclusion a little more closely for a region in Southern Ontario. On the basis of past experience, the conclusion seems a little far fetched. Corn yields are still rising there and unit production costs declining. However, as indicated, this warning must be interpreted in light of the yield—soil depth relationship, which may reach a sharp inclination point in the near future on various soils. A big drawback is that empirical evidence on form and level of the curve for the various soils is unavailable.The causes of excessive soil erosion are complex and deeply rooted in economic forces and in institutions. Several institutions, crucial to agriculture, exert a discouraging influence on farmers to conserve their soil. Unfortunately, necessary institutional adjustments are not a priority item on the political agenda. Research on ways to mitigate the negative effects of economic forces on soil management has been scant in Canada. Across‐the‐board subsidies and favorable tax provisions are often advocated. However, little is known about their effectiveness, efficiency and e

ISSN:0008-3976    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7976.1985.tb03233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY