ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The efficacy of epanololvs. metoprolol in stable angina pectoris was compared in 114 patients recruited to a randomized double‐blind cross‐over study, consisting of a 4‐week period on each drug. Epanolol (200 mg) or metoprolol (200 mg) was administered daily. Bicycle ergometry was performed at the end of each treatment period. The maximum workload was 134 ± 18 W on epanolol and 133 ± 37 W on metoprolol (NS). Values for resting heart rate (epanolol, 72 ± 11 beats min−1; metoprolol, 64 ± 12 beats min−1;P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (epanolol, 143 ± 21 mmHg; metoprolol, 137 ± 21 mmHg;P<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (epanolol, 88 ± 10 mmHg; metoprolol, 84 ± 11 mmHg;P<0.01) were all higher on epanolol treatment. During exercise, the increase in heart rate and blood pressure was of similar magnitude during the two treatment periods, and these parameters did not differ significantly at the last identical workload. The rating of chest pain, fatigue and dyspnoea did not differ between the two drugs during submaximal or maximal exercise. In conclusion, 200 mg of epanolol and metoprolol have similar efficacy with regard to exercise tolerance. As expected from the partial agonist activity present in epanolol but not in metoprolol, the former drug resulted in a higher heart rate and blood pressure at rest. The observed increase in these parameters during exercise was simil

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Radioiodine therapy is often employed for treatment of patients with relapse of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, after previous thyroid surgery. Little is known about the outcome of this treatment compared to patients with no previous surgery. A total of 20 patients who had received surgical treatment for Graves' hyperthyroidism 1–46 years previously and with relapse of the hyperthyroidism, and 25 patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease and no previous thyroid surgery were treated with radioiodine, following the same protocol. Early after treatment the previously operated patients showed a higher sensitivity to radioiodine, with more cases of early hypothyroidism, than non‐operated patients. However, after 50 months of follow‐up the outcome was identical. The results indicate that frequent assessment is necessary after radioiodine treatment of previously operated patients, since some patients develop early hypothyro

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A decrease in capillary flow due to hyperleucocytosis may cause impairment of organ perfusion in patients with leukaemia. In order to evaluate the effects of different cell types of leukaemic cell origin on skin capillary circulation we have studied patients with (a) chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) (n= 6) and (b) acute non‐lymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL) (n= 6) or chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) (n= 5). Capillary blood cell velocity (CBV) in fingernail‐fold capillaries was measured by videophotometric capillaroscopy. After a 1‐min arterial occlusion at the finger base, the post‐occlusive reactive hyperaemia was evaluated by measuring the peak (p) CBV and the time to pCBV. In patients with ANLL/GGL, both resting CBV and pCBV were lower than in healthy control subjects. In the CLL patients these values were not significantly different compared to controls. In a few patients the time to pCBV was markedly prolonged. Symptoms attributable to hyperviscosity were more common in patients with ANLL/CGL and low CBV values. It is suggested that the cell size of leucocytes may be an important factor in the development of hyperviscosity syndromes and organ malperfusion in leukaemic p

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Elevated plasma insulin and triglyceride (TG) and decreased high‐density‐lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol concentrations have been shown to be risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). It has been suggested that these metabolic abnormalities are all secondary to resistance to insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake. To examine this in more detail, we divided 18 non‐diabetic, moderately overweight, sedentary men aged 25–50 years into three groups on the basis of their steady‐state plasma glucose levels (SSPG): a low group, (n= 7; SSPG11.1 mmol l−1). The high group had significantly higher fasting (P<0.05) and post‐oral glucose challenge (P<0.01) insulin concentrations, higher fasting TG (P<0.05) and lower fasting HDL‐cholesterol (P<0.05) concentrations than the other two groups. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to body mass index, waist‐to‐hip ratio or physical endurance capacity as determined by maximal oxygen consumption during a treadmill test. The data suggest that insulin resistance has an effect on the modulation of plasma insulin, TG and HDL‐cholesterol concentrations, independent of generalized, abdominal

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Eight male habitual smokers smoked two cigarettes over a 20‐min period following a 12‐h period of abstinence. Antecubital venipuncture was performed immediately before, immediately after, and 55 min and 2 h after smoking had ceased. At these times, the mean values (± SD) of collagen‐induced platelet aggregation were 45 ± 5, 68 ± 5, 59 ± 6 and 52 ± 5 chart units, respectively, while the corresponding values for the mean platelet aggregate ratio were 0.91 ± 0.01, 0.82 ± 0.03, 0.87 ± 0.02 and 0.90 ± 0.02, respectively. Mean collagen‐induced platelet aggregation was significantly (P<0.005) higher immediately after, and 55 min and 2 h after smoking. The mean platelet aggregate ratio was significantly (P<0.001) lower immediately after and 55 min after smoking. Correlation coefficients between the concentration of nicotine in each of the 24 plasma samples obtained after smoking and the corresponding values of collagen‐induced platelet aggregation and the platelet aggregate ratio were 0.41 (P<0.05) and −0.50 (P<0.02), respectively. It is concluded that when habitual smokers abstain from smoking overnight, a 20‐min period of cigarette smoking may enhance platelet aggregabil

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Clinical and laboratory findings and drug history were studied in 17 patients with suspected hydralazine‐associated nephritis, five of whom only had renal disease, while twelve also had extrarenal manifestations. Renal biopsies revealed extracapillary proliferative or focal segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis in 10 patients, and tubulo‐interstitial nephritis in five patients. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was found in 16 patients, but none of the 14 patients tested had antibodies to DNA. Tests for antibodies to myeloperoxidase (anti‐MPO) and antibodies to neutrophil cytoplasm antigen (ANCA) were performed by ELISA. Twelve of the 14 patients tested had anti‐MPO; five of these 14 patients had ANCA, while one had borderline levels. These findings suggest that hydralazine facilitates the induction of a systemic disease with multiple autoantibody pro

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A total of 388 patients, of mean age 73 years, with acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) evaluated in a non‐intensive Stroke Unit, and a sample of 209 age‐ and sex‐matched similarly acutely admitted patients with surgical diseases were followed up for 5–8 years. The CVD patients had a 21‐day hospital mortality of 13%, and 66% mortality during the entire study period, compared to 2% and 48%, respectively, in controls. Old age had only a minor effect on the initial mortality. However, long‐term mortality increased markedly with age. The initial mortality in 120 stroke recurrences was 50%. In CVD patients heart diseases were common causes of death, and circulatory diseases were most predominant of all (86%), with an accumulation during the first months after the occurrence of the initial CVD event. These figures clearly show that stroke patients constitute a group with high risk of stroke recurrence and death. Despite declining figures for stroke mortality, and most probably also for case fatality rate after first stroke episodes, much work remains to be done within the field of secondary prevention a

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Previous studies have suggested that some apolipoprotein B (apoB) 3′ variable number of tandem repeats (3′VNTR) locus alleles are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). We examined the possible association between the apoB 3′VNTR alleles and CAD in 387 Finnish subjects. Using the polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the 3′VNTR genotype was determined in 187 individuals with severe CAD confirmed by coronary angiography (patients), in 121 individuals with normal coronary angiograms (controls), and in 79 apparently healthy subjects (normals). In contrast to previous reports from other populations, the larger apoB 3′VNTR alleles were not significantly more frequent among CAD patients than among controls or normals. In addition, there was no significant association between the 3′VNTR alleles and serum lipid levels in this Finnish

ISSN:0954-6820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY