摘要:

AbstractOccupational therapy has grown and developed into an international field with 43 national associations holding membership in the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT). This paper reviews the development of WFOT, describes the status of occupational therapy in selected WFOT member countries, and discusses worldwide health problems and current trends in international occupational therapy practice.

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of 402 normal subjects (203 men, 199 women) was conducted to assist in distinguishing potential differences in norms of hand strength. Norm data had previously been collected from mixed occupational groups, but in the present study it was hypothesised that people involved in heavy manual work on a daily basis might possess greater hand strength than others. The volunteers were adults working in industry and agriculture; they were subdivided into occupational categories. Measurements of grip, key and palmar pinch using the Jamar dynamometer and B and L pinch gauge were collected, using the protocol described by Mathiowetz. Volunteers also rated their individual hand strength job requirements subjectively. Mean values were established with regard to age, sex, dominance, occupational group and subjective rating. Significant differences were found with regard to age and sex but not to dominance; there was no evidence of differences between occupational groups or between subjective rating and individual scoring, i.e. volunteers who perceived their job as requiring a high degree of strength did not achieve higher test measurements than others. A high interrater reliability was demonstrated when comparing these follow‐up measurements with the original data. It was concluded that, for clinical and rehabilitative purposes, therapists can interpret assessment of outcome most accurately by comparing patients' results with the existing norm dat

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIndia is called the land of villages. In 1951, 82.7% of the Indian population lived in rural areas. Sanskritisation and urbanisation have changed the pattern. It is expected that by the year 2020 this percentage would come down to 55%. These villagers are relocating in urban slums. Thus from the rehabilitation point of view both problems pose challenges. An Indian village community is a political, economic and cultural unit. At the urban slum area at Malwani and in small villages near Juchandra, community rehabilitation programmes were found to be most pragmatic. Community education and preventive occupational therapy are found to be essential steps in rural rehabilitation. Therapists have to work on ‘disability, attitude and beliefs’ and change the behaviour to deal with the grass root (basic) causes. It is felt that for longer sustainment, community‐based rehabilitation should originate within the community. Heath professionals must recognise the capabilities of individuals within the support structure of the family and community, while helping individuals to improve the quality of their

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVisuospatial inattention is one of the deficits which can have a negative effect on activities in daily living performance in stroke patients. Four cancellation tests were administered to 43 stroke patients (34 right lesion and 9 left lesion) to determine the reliability and validity in measuring visuospatial inattention deficit. For the total group, test–re‐test reliabilities on the Albert Test, the Schenkenberg Line Bisection Test (SLBT) cancellation, the Structured Chinese Word Cancellation Test (SCWCT) and the Random Chinese Word Cancellation Test (RCWCT) ranged from 0.79 to 0.96. Among the four cancellation tests, the RCWCT had the highest reliability (0.96). Reliability coefficients were also calculated for the subgroup with right brain lesion with similar results. High intercorrelation coefficients showed that the four tests evaluate the same construct at a significant level. The correlation (r) was used to estimate the size of the effect of the linear relationship between lesion side and omission scores of the tests. The results showed moderate‐to‐large effect sizes of the side of lesion on the performance and indicated that the RCWCT, the SCWCT, the SLBT and the Albert Test could all be used to discriminate right brain lesion from the left. In addition to showing excellent reliability and construct validity, the RCWCT was the most difficult of the tests, and so the most likely to identify inattention in Chinese indi

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe theory and research supporting the application of cognitive rehabilitation into occupational therapy is explored in this article. Occupational therapy cognitive models for intervention divided according to functional and remedial approaches in cognitive rehabilitation are presented, as well as the published research on cognitive‐perceptual components in occupational therap

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0966-7903    

DOI:10.1002/oti.6150010102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY