摘要:

The relationship between buyer and seller has been undergoing dramatic changes in many U.S. firms. The Japanese practice of single sourcing—and the close relationship it forges between buyer and seller—has been used as a model by an increasing number of U.S. firms seeking to reduce and better manage their supplier bases. Some have expressed concern that U.S. firms are rushing into single sourcing without sufficient consideration of the differences between the Japanese and the U.S. industrial systems. Yet there is little research to support this view. The results of a survey presented in this article suggest that those concerns may be unfounded. The research also suggests that, despite the differences in systems, industrial purchasing practices in the two countries are more similar than many realize when it comes to dealing with suppliers.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00550.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article examines the use of product quality information in capital equipment purchasing decisions. The authors incorporate specific quality factors in a simple analytical model designed to provide a buyer with the capability to appropriately consider quality differences in reaching a cost‐effective purchasing decision.Initially, dimensions of product quality are identified and discussed based on the parameters proposed by David Garvin. Using the Garvin framework, the article then reports the results of a study of procurement professionals in which the feasibility and desirability of explicit consideration of quality factors in the purchasing process are established. Finally, the article extends the consideration of specific quality factors by introducing and illustrating an analytical approach that effectively incorporates quality differences in a structured and auditable model. The model projects the cost implications to the firm of those quality differences identified. The analysis indicates that generally accepted dimensions of quality can be identified and applied operationally to assist a buyer in making the most effective purchasing decision.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00551.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The cost of a firm's finished goods is affected by exchange rates whenever a firm purchases imported goods or goods that are in turn produced with imported materials. As American firms source abroad, changes in currency values can erode the profitability of established products and markets. This article describes a Bayesian approach to managing foreign exchange which combines the use of a forward rate forecast and an economic forecast in determining a viable strategy. The approach was specifically designed for firms whose principal international activity is foreign sourcing.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00552.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this article, early purchasing involvement in the design and development of a product is examined. Purchasing impacts are effective when they are an integral part of aconcurrentengineering environment. In this environment, planned purchasing contributions, along with a number of other factors, are included in the early stages of new product design. The article proposes and explores potential areas of collaboration between purchasing and design. The areas of collaboration include, but are not limited to, developing specifications, interchangeable parts, part standardization and simplification, value analysis, part substitutions, part exclusions, and a variety of other miscellaneous areas.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00553.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The current recession has stimulated many firms' desire to contain or reduce costs. This article discusses a study that explored the role of purchasing in analyzing cost savings projects. The author argues that it is important for purchasing to be involved in purchasing cost savings projects. Such projects may be strategic in nature, and they may affect purchasing's decision‐making process and its supplier relationships. Results of the study indicate that most purchasing departmentsareinvolved in cost savings projects, and believe that theyshould beinvolved in such projects. The purchasing function also expects to play a greater role in cost reduction projects of all types in the future. To support growing involvement in such projects, the author concludes that purchasing professionals must educate themselves to a greater extent in the techniques used to analyze cost savings projects. Further, the purchasing function must assume a more aggressive, proactive role in becoming involved in purchasing cost savings projects, educating top management, and publicizing the results of such projects.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00554.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the past thirty years, a number of major professional associations in the purchasing and materials management field have developed professional certification programs. These organizations have continued to keep pace with the needs of the profession. This article provides an overview of the major certification programs and identifies changes made during recent years. The features analyzed focus on the critical requirements for certification—education, experience, examinations, professional contributions, costs, and recertification. The author also reviews the key elements of each program and analyzes the major changes made in each during the past five years.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00555.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

PURCHASING: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS,8th ed., by Stuart Heinritz, Paul V. Farrell, Larry Giunipero, and Michael Kolchin, Prentice‐Hall, 1991. 580 pages.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00556.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

PROFITABLE PURCHASING: AN IMPLEMENTATION HANDBOOK FOR JUST IN TIME,by Michael Harding, Industrial Press, New York, 1990.

ISSN:0022-4030    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-493X.1992.tb00557.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY