ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:THE RABBIT WARREN AT WEST DEAN NEAR CHICHESTER. By A. M. Tittensor and R. M. TittensorMAMMAL EVOLUTION: AN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE. By R. J. G. Savage and M. R. Long

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a predictive model for estimating the density and distribution of Badger social groups, in the south‐west of England, based on habitat characteristics. Main sett density was used as an index of Badger social group density, and a preliminary study to define the different types of Badger sett observed in the field and to establish a relationship between main sett density and social group density is also described. The habitat characteristics that emerged as having the most influence on Badger social group density were the ‘diggability’ of the soils, the topography of the area, altitude, the length of hedgerows and the number of woodland units greater than 1 ha. The application of the model is briefly disc

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVariation in resource presence and resource utilization was investigated in a high density population of Badgers in Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire. Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) contributed the bulk of the diet. Differences between the diet of seven Badger groups were considerable and were most extreme during the summer. Earthworm biomass per habitat remained constant over at least 8 years, while biomass per group territory declined. Pasture fields and mature deciduous woodland (excluding beech‐wood) constituted worm‐rich, high quality, feeding areas. The combined relative proportion of the area of both habitats per group territory was a good predictor of total group consumption of earthworms and of the reproductive output per group, as measured by the number of independent young, while the dispersion of the two habitats determined the configuration of territor

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe size and distribution of home ranges, and the dispersion of latrines, was investigated to describe the use of space and degree of territoriality within a population of Badgers (Meles meles) living in the suburbs of Bristol. The movement patterns of different age and sex classes were studied, along with seasonal changes in various measures of activity. Part of the study area was surveyed in detail to compare the Badger's use of space with a variety of habitat parameters, and to examine the predictability of their foraging behaviour. Many of the results are in contrast to earlier studies on rural Badgers. Range sizes were variable, and inconsistent over time, many group ranges were not contiguous and those that were overlapped. Territorial boundaries were not obvious and latrines were clumped around sett sites. Age‐ and sex‐specific differences in movement activity were observed, along with an expansion of ranges in spring and a decrease in all forms of activity over the winter. Using multiple regression analysis, it was not easy to predict the foraging behaviour of suburban Badgers on the basis of 37 habitat variables sampled. There was some evidence of more structured foraging in the autumn, when more predictable food resources were available. The relevance of these observations to other studies on the ecology of Badger populations at varying densities and in different habitats is discus

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe dispersal and other movement patterns in two Badger populations, one in rural Gloucestershire and the other in suburban Bristol, are described and categorized into nine different types of movement. Movements were less common in the high density Badger population in Gloucestershire, but disturbance increased the likelihood of movements occurring. In the lower density Bristol population, where the social structure was more fluid, movements were more common. However, in both populations truly itinerant Badgers appeared to be rare. More male than female Badgers moved, but for each type of movement there was no difference in the distance moved by males and females. Movements were rare in animals less than a year old; most movements occurred in sexually mature animals, i.e. those more than 2 years old.

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe dynamics of bovine tuberculosis infection in a wild Badger population have been studied since 1981. Faeces are sampled regularly to determine the distribution of infection in the study area. Badgers in known infected social groups, plus the neighbouring groups, are periodically caught and subjected to full clinical and bacteriological examination to monitor the progression of infection within and between groups of Badgers. The interim results of this study are presented and discussed. During 5 years (1981–1985), the temporal spread of infection between social groups in the study area was slow and restricted. Some clinically affected Badgers have survived for long periods. Evidence of infection in individual Badgers indicates that pseudo‐vertical (mother to cub) transmission may be important in the maintenance of infection in the Badger population. There is also evidence of horizontal transmission by bite wounding and aerosol infection. Badger mortality due toMycobacterium bovisinfection was low, and the prevalence of infection in male Badgers is greater than in females. The data accumulated so far show no apparent relationship between Badger population density and the prevalence ofM. bovisinfection, nor is there any evidence to support the hypothesis thatM. bovisinfection acts to depress Badger population density significantly below disease‐free levels. Cattle and infected Badgers can co‐exist for long periods without the disease necessarily being transmitted to

ISSN:0305-1838    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.1988.tb00073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY