ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985101

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSoluble synthetic polymers will only be useful as drug carriers, if methods can be devised for targeting them to specific cell types. Two approaches are currently being investigated. Firstly, the incorporation of specific residues such as galactosamine into N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide copolymers has been shown to enhance greatly pinocytic capture by liver cells. Secondly, antibodies have been evaluated as a more universal address system. Binding rat IgG to N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide copolymers increased their rate of uptake by rat visceral yolk sacs culturedin vitroand simultaneously enhanced their rate of exo

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985102

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe homopolymer of N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and copolymers of HPMA differing in oligopeptide side chains (‐Gly‐Gly‐OH;‐Acap‐Phe‐OH;‐Acap‐Leu‐HMDA and ‐Gly‐Phe‐Tyr‐OH) or in their content (1.0, 3.5 and 8.4 mol. % of ‐Gly‐Gly‐OH side chains)Abbreviations see appropriate Tables and Figures.were investigated with respect to their ability to induce antibody formation in inbred strains of mice. The dependence on the antigen dose on structure of the side chains and on the genetic background of the immunized organism was defined. It was demonstrated that the specificity of the antibody formed is predominantly directed against oligopeptide side chains though some part of the produced antibody is against hydroxypropyl groups. Haptens, such as arsanilic acid and fluorescein isothiocyanate, modifying the side chains, were used as drug models, and their influence on immunogenicity of HPMA copolymers was tested.The HPMA copolymers can be considered as a possible targetable drug delivery system as conditions were found under which the specific antibodies attached

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985103

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe interaction of water‐soluble cationic polyelectrolytes based on vinylamine, aminoalkyl methacrylates and their quaternary ammonium salts with bacterial cells has been investigated. It was established that cationic polyelectrolytes exhibit antibacterial activity, change the membrane permeability, increase the transport of low‐molecular weight substances into the cell and suppress some bacterial enzymes. The level of activity is determined by the content of ionogenic groups in the polyelectrol

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985104

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA covalently bound complex of acetylcholinesterase with poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] has been obtained, showing a 70‐fold prolongation of the acetylcholinesterase activity survival in mouse blood after intravenous injection of the modified enzyme if compared with the non‐modified acetylcholinesterase. The kinetics of the modified and native acetylcholinesterase thermoinactivation at 50°C and proteolytic inactivation at 37°C have been studied. At pH 7.5 the thermoinactivation rate constant of the modified enzyme was 74 times smaller than that of the native acetylcholinesterase. The protective effect of the polymer against the proteolytic inactivation was much less pronounced, being 3 times for chymotrypsin and 13 times for trypsin. The polymer‐modified enzyme initiated antibodies in mice which interacted with the native acetylcholinesterase but the polymer‐modified enzyme itself did not givein vitroimmunoprecipitation neither with the antiserum obtained against it nor against the native acetylc

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985105

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHemoglobin (Hb) in solution is capable of transporting oxygen and could thus be considered as an ideal red cell substitute. However, it presents two important drawbacks : a short vascular retention time and a high oxygen affinity. Chemical modifications of Hb by polymeric reagents could overcome these limitations, but generally, polymer‐linked Hb exhibits too high an oxygen affinity. Covalent coupling of monomethoxypolyoxyethylene with Hb in conditions where the amines, essential for oxygen transport, are protected, gives rise to conjugates with good oxygen‐binding propert

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985106

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA possibility of obtaining high molecular weight analogues of natural polynucleotides based on poly(trimethylenephosphite) by the attachment of nucleotide fragments to the phosphite group of the chain of the initial polymer has been shown. Various methods of attachment were used to obtain imidazole‐, uracil‐, cytosine‐, adenine‐ and inosine‐containing analogues capable of undergoing hydrolytic decomposition and soluble in water and some organic

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985107

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere are strong demands for innovation in methodology for separation of B cells and T cells, two major subpopulations of lymphocytes, because of their essential role as key‐factors for therapy and diagnosis of immuno‐diseases as well as for production of high‐value bioactive compounds. Cellular adsorption chromatography is one of the promising methods for separation of these lymphocyte subpopulations. This paper reviews the present status of adsorption chromatography applied to the cell separation and describes our approach to design of novel adsorbents which are able to adsorb B cells selectively among other subpopulations without any undesirable perturbation or activation of cells to be separated. A possible mechanism involved in separation of B and T cells by adsorption chromatography is also discussed in d

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985108

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe protein layers deposited from blood onto contacting surfaces are believed to be a strong determinant of ultimate thrombogenesis. Recent research on the composition of these layers is reviewed. The layers are complex and contain a multiplicity of components, most of which are not yet identified. The abundant plasma proteins albumin, IgG and fibrinogen are found on most surfaces but in relatively small amounts. Other proteins found are hemoglobin, IgA, IgD, plasminogen, fibronectin, α‐ and β‐ lipoproteins, and von Willebrand factor. Considerable differences in composition have been found from surface to surface. The composition has also been found to vary with time. For example initially adsorbed fibrinogen is largely replaced by high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK). There is strong involvement of proteins of the contact phase of blood coagulation in the layer, and factor XII, factor XI and HMWK have been shown to be present on various surfaces. Protein alterations such as activation of factor XII and reactions such as degradation of fibrinogen by plasmin have also been shown to occur in the adsorbed

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985109

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe experimental and clinical use of perfusion of blood or plasma through polymer‐coated adsorbents in several liver diseases is described. Altogether, 148 clinical perfusions were performed. The best results were obtained in severe cholestasis, liver coma and two types of hepatic porphyria

ISSN:0025-116X    

DOI:10.1002/macp.1985.020091985110

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY