摘要:

Four new serotypes of human adenovirus (Ad38–41) have been described in recent literature. We conducted a thorough evaluation of the prototype strains of these types by preparing rabbit and horse antisera to them and performing reciprocal neutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests with all 41 prototype viruses and antisera. Types 38 and 39 are in subgenus D, share hemagglutinins with Ad 13 and each other in three-way HI tests, and have been rarely encountered thus far; types 40 and 41 are in subgenus F, are related to each other by serum neutralization and HI tests, and are well-established agents of acute gastroenteritis in infants. All four prototype strains meet the accepted criteria for new serotypes, although special mention is made of the serologic relationship between Ad40 and 41. The horse antisera have stable titers and can serve as international reference reagents for these viruse

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150023

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The replication of vaccinia virus in human hematopoietic cell lines was studied, to ascertain whether the cell type and the stage of differentiation can influence the outcome of the infection. Lymphocytic NB104 cells and myelogenous leukemic K562 cells can be productively infected with vaccinia. Whereas NB104 cells were readily lysed, cells from the K562 line stayed persistently infected. Infection of promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells results in an abortive infection in which the virus is uncoated, does not replicate, remains latent and can be rescued by cocultivation with permissive cells. Upon addition of phorbol esters to HL60 cell cultures, viral replication resumed. These results suggests that, although vaccinia virus replication is almost independent of host-specific functions, the outcome of the infection may depend on the cell type and its stage of differentiation.

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150024

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Splenocytes from Junin-virus-persistently-infected euthymic mice taken at 45 days postinfection seemed unable to induce overt signs of disease, to cause death, or to modify brain viral levels when transferred to athymic Junin-virus-infected mice. Findings differed sharply when the same recipients were transferred with splenocytes taken at 6 or 30 days postinfection from immunocompetent mice infected in adult life, since mortality reached 80 or 50%, respectively, and brain viral titers were significantly lowered. Furthermore, splenocytes taken at 6 days postinfection from whole adult mice proved harmless to persistently infected euthymic mice. These findings strongly suggest the existence of an immune system alteration in the immunocompetent mouse, attributable to Junin virus persistence. This premise is based on the fact that splenocytes from persistenly infected mice were unable to recognize viral antigen expressed on recipient-infected cells. The absence or impairment of a specific cytotoxic T cell population is hereby postulated.

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150025

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intracellular development of choleraphage Φ149 following infection of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio eltor cells under different conditions was examined by thin-section electron microscopy. Degradation of the host DNA following infection and formation of mature phage particles inside the infected cells were demonstrated. The concatemeric DNA intermediate formed during intracellular replication of Φ149 DNA in permissive hosts was resolved. In confirmation of biochemical evidence, no concatemeric DNA intermediate was observed for infection in high-phosphate mediu

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150026

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this paper we describe the ability of monoclonal antibodies to prevent herpetic stromal or interstitial keratitis following corneal infection in an outbred mouse model. Monoclonal antibodies recognizing antigenic determinants on glycoproteins B, C, D, and E of herpes simplex virus type 1 were injected intraperitoneally into CF-1 outbred mice 24 or 48 h following inoculation of the cornea with the RE strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. Passive, postexposure immunization with monoclonal antibodies had little effect on the severity of the initial corneal infection or the frequency of latent viral infections in the trigeminal ganglia, except for virus-neutralizing antibodies specific for glycoproteins B and D. A significant correlation was found between the severity of epithelial keratitis and the frequency of latent ganglionic infections. However, immunization with monoclonal antibodies protected the mice against encephalitis and prevented the development of necrotizing stromal keratitis that leads to permanent corneal scarring and blindness. This form of herpetic ocular disease does not respond to antiviral chemotherapy. Since nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies were just as effective in prevention of encephalitis and stromal keratitis as ones that neutralized the virus in vitro, and antibodies were not administered until 24 or 48 h after corneal inoculation, we suggest that inactivation of infectious virus is not the only protective mechanism in this model.

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150027

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We purified Fc-binding proteins from herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected Vero cells by using an inverse immunoaffínity column chromatography. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed a single, virus-specific 65-kd polypeptide both in HSV type 1- and HSV type 2-infected cell-derived preparations. A Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 activity was demonstrated to be associated with the viral Fc-binding proteins

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150028

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Human skin fibroblasts have previously been reported to display an age-dependent resistance to infection with coxsackie B4 virus. We have shown that the virus will replicate and produce CPE in human skin fibroblasts regardless of the age of the donor of the cells. The passage history of the virus was found to influence the titre of the virus in these cells.

ISSN:0300-5526    

DOI:10.1159/000150029

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger