ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175270

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to investigate the effect of an increasing linoleic acid content of the diet on vitamin E requirement, young male rats were divided into 4 groups receiving respectively 0.27, 0.98, 3.57 and 12.98% linoleic acid (from mixtures of coconut oil and tocopherol-free safflower oil) in their diets. Each group was subdivided into 6 groups, receiving increasing amounts of D-α-tocopheryl acetate (2.5–23.5 mg) in their food. Spontaneous haemolysis in vitro was used as a criterion for vitamin E requirement. The amount of D-α-tocopheryl acetate needed to prevent haemolysis was 13 mg/kg food for the lowest three doses linoleic acid, the highest dose required 18 mg/kg food. The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte lipids was not influenced by the vitamin E content and only moderately by the linoleic acid content of the diet: a higher level of dietary linoleic acid caused an increase in linoleic acid content of erythrocyte lipids, which was mainly compensated by a decrease in oleic acid content. The group with the lowest dose of vitamin E and the highest dose of linoleic acid showed a significant increase in non-electrolyte (= thiourea) haemolysis t

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175271

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of simulated Finnish diets with and without iron and copper supplementations were studied on four groups of growing male rats. Although otherwise in good health, the rats on the basal human diet (27 mg Fe/kg and 2.2 mg Cu/kg dry weight) became slightly anemic. The rats on the iron-supplemented diet (56 mg Fe as FeCl3/kg) had a normal hematological picture, and significantly higher iron stores and lower radioiron absorption percentages than the rats of the basal group. The rats receiving the basal diet plus copper (6.0 mg Cu/kg) consumed more food but had a low food efficiency. The administration of copper to both the basal and iron-supplemented diets resulted in a slight, although statistically nonsignificant trend towards higher hematological values and better utilization of iron. In conclusion, judged from the responses obtained by supplementations, the simulated Finnish diet turned out to be short of iron and marginal in copper for the growing male rat. The significance of these observations in human nutrition is difficult to evaluate at present.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175272

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

(1) Male, weanling rats were fed on diets containing 60% sucrose or 60% starch and the liver and adipose tissue were examined in vitro for their ability to oxidise glucose and to synthesise fat from glucose, using radioactive glucose as an indicator. (2) Compared with the livers of rats fed on starch those fed on sucrose showed a severe depression of both glucose oxidation and lipogenesis. When two forms of radioactive glucose were used, labelled in carbon-1 or universally labelled, the change in proportions of carbon dioxide liberated indicated that sucrose feeding had altered the metabolic pathways. (3) Adipose tissue also showed depressed lipogenesis after sucrose feeding and less carbon dioxide was formed from (1–14C) glucose but that from (U-14C) glucose was unchanged. (4) The effect of sucrose was apparent after 14 days feeding and persisted in experiments continued for 112 days. (5) The proportions of fat and glycogen in the liver and the fat content of the body were not altered by sucrose feeding. (6) Tissues from female rats behaved in the same way as those from male rats. (7) The effect of sucrose was compared in three strains of animals. The response of hepatic lipogenesis differed with the strain but lipogenesis in adipose tissue was depressed to a similar extent in all three strains. Glucose oxidation in both tissues varied in extent with strain; the strain that was not affected with respect to glucose oxidation in the liver was the most sensitive with respect to glucose oxidation in adipose tissue. (8) The sucrose effect was equally marked in fed and 24 h-fasted rats. (9) Sucrose included in a fat-free diet had a depressant effect on glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in liver but not on glucose oxidation in adipose tissue. (10) The lipids formed from radioactive glucose by adipose tissue were separated by thin layer chromatography and examined for radioactivity. The results indicated that the depression of lipogenesis largely or wholly affected the triglycerides. (11) Rats were injected intraperitoneally with radioactive glucose after feeding on the respective diets. The extracted fat from kidney and adipose tissue, but not that from liver and blood, showed a lower radioactive count after sucrose feeding. (12). It is suggested that sucrose might exert its depressant effect on metabolism by (a) reducing the amount of glucose-6-phosphate available through stimulating the formation of glucose-6-phosphatase and (b) altering the proportion of glucose metabolised via the pentose shunt by stimulating the formation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenas

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175273

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Young rats were fed diets containing unheated or heat-processed soybean flour as source of protein. Weight gain and food intake were lower and pancreatic weight in relation to body weight, higher in rats adapted to unheated soybean flour. Rats adapted to unheated soybean flour exhibited some deviations from normal carbohydrate metabolism. Following a load of glucose they accumulated more glycogen in their livers and responded with a higher blood glucose level. Their pancreases secreted in vitro more ‘insulin like activity’ and glucagon. When food intake of rats adapted to heated soybean flour was restricted to the amounts eaten by rats adapted to unheated soybean flour, these differences in carbohydrate metabolism disappeared. It is concluded that the deviations observed are rather the results of restricted food intake than a specific effect of soybean trypsin inhibi

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175274

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Carbohydrate preference (dextrin v. sucrose) in thiamine-deficient and non-deficient rats was investigated using highly purified diets. An experimental design was employed which would distinguish between a preference due to spontaneous appetite, and one due to beneficial experience. Body weights, food and water intakes were recorded daily. At the end of the experiment which lasted 72 days, tissue and faecal analyses were performed to assess the level of thiamine deficiency and synthesis. Non-deficient rats showed a change in carbohydrate preference towards sucrose with age. Animals showed gross disturbances in carbohydrate preferences, which were not of a consistent character, when they became deficient. These disturbances were shown to be a spontaneous outcome of the deficiency, and did not involve previous experience of the diets.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175275

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175276

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger