摘要:

When a physiological dose of cholecalciferol was given to rachitic chicks, an early response was increased amino acid incorporation into growth cartilage protein, including collagen, but no evidence was found for induction of specific protein synthesis as in the intestine. Increased release into the medium of 45Ca and of hydroxyproline was observed when growth cartilage tissue was incubated in medium containing 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. These studies suggested that the metabolism of cartilage tissue from the zones of proliferation and maturation was more affected than tissue from the zones of hypertrophy and calcification. Cholecalciferol metabolites may therefore have a direct effect upon chondrocytes as well as on bone cells during endochondral bone formation

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176537

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176596

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176597

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176598

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the rat, exclusion of choline from a carbohydrate-rich, 10% casein diet, resulted in a drastic reduction of betaine in the liver. The amount of unesterified choline was not lowered to the same extent. Both unesterified choline and total lipids in the liver were increased in rats fed a choline-deficient diet supplemented with 0.5% L-methionine compared to rats given an unsupplemented choline-deficient diet. The amount of betaine was low in both groups compared to choline-supplemented rats. Dietary choline deficiency lowered the biological value of casein only slightly. Statistically significant effects were seen only in some of the experiments when potato starch was used as the carbohydrate source but not when maize starch was used. The choline-deficient potato starch diet gave rise to a more severe liver fattening than the corresponding maize starch diet.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176538

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes in the blood concentrations of non-chylomicron triglycerides, insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and alanine in response to a 4.18-MJ (1,000-kcal) meal were measured in 15 obese and 15 lean volunteers. No differences between the two groups either in quantity or in the pattern of change were detected in the triglycerides, glucose or alanine during the 7-hour period of study. Insulin levels were significantly higher in the obese subjects 1.25 h after the start of the meal, but at no other time. Plasma NEFA were initially depressed in both groups, but thereafter rose to much higher levels in the lean subjects. The results support the hypothesis that the obese conserve more of their ingested carbohydrate as liver glycogen for use between meals, and thereby avoid the high energy cost of fat synthesis.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176539

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The plasma amino acid pattern of cirrhotic patients was determined before and after 24 h of continuous infusions of glucose, ornithine α-ketoglutarate (OαKG), ornithine chlorhydrate (ORN HCl) and sodium ketoglutarate (αCGNa). Before treatment, leucine, iso-leucine, valine and glutamine levels were low. Tyrosine and methionine levels were high. Leu+Ile+Val/Phe+tyr was low Glucose infusions had no effect. OαKG increased levels of leucine, iso-leucine, valine, alanine and arginine. Threonine, serine, glycine, aspartic acid, methionine, hemicystine, tyrosine and phenylalanine were significantly lowered. Leu+Ile+Val/Phe+tyr increased. ORN HCl and αCGNa did not induce similar cha

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176540

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The influences of fasting and of perfusate glucose concentration on the effect of fatty acid (oleic) on the oxygen consumption of the rat perfused liver were studied. Fasting had no effect on basal hepatic oxygen consumption or on hepatic fatty acid uptake. In the presence of a high perfusate glucose concentration (11 mM), fed and fasted rat livers displayed similar fatty-acid-induced increases in oxygen uptake. Although a low perfusate glucose concentration (2.5 mM) did not affect the oxygen uptake response to fatty acids in the fed group, the response in the fasted group was substantially reduced. The relevance of these observations to the effect of fasting on catecholamine-stimulated thermogenesis and the potential of the liver as a site of regulatory thermogenesis is discussed.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176541

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of soy and casein protein on cholesterol metabolism were determined under normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic conditions in male Wistar rats and in Swiss White mice. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding cholesterol and cholic acid in the diet for a period of 2 weeks. Our results demonstrate that there are significant species differences. The hypercholesterolemic effect of exogenous cholesterol was more pronounced in the mouse than in the rat. The rats fed the basal (no cholesterol, no cholic acid) semisynthetic diet containing either soy or casein had plasma cholesterol concentrations similar to those observed in chow-fed controls. However, plasma cholesterol concentrations in the mice fed the basal semisynthetic diet containing either of the two proteins were significantly elevated compared to the control mice fed commercial chow. Rat data demonstrate that the hypercholesterolemia induced by exogenous cholesterol administration is of a lesser magnitude in the presence of soy compared to casein as a dietary protein source. The mice data show that the concentrations of hepatic and biliary cholesterol and plasma triglycerides in response to exogenous cholesterol are significantly lower in the soy protein diet compared to the casein protein diet.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176542

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Different metabolite concentrations were determined in serum, liver, and femur of rats from the F1 generation of a lead-depletion experiment with 18 ppb lead in the depletion diet. In serum as well as in liver the protein concentrations were not different between depletion and control rats, whereas in femur of lead-depleted rats the protein concentration was higher than in control animals. A short time after weaning in young rats there was no difference in glucose and glycogen concentrations in liver between the depletion group and the control group. On the contrary, in older lead-depleted rats the glucose concentration in liver was reduced. Massive changes in lead deficiency occurred in certain lipid fractions. In comparison with control rats, in lead-deficient rats the concentrations of triglycerides in serum and liver and the concentrations of LDL and phospholipids in liver were reduced. On the contrary, the livers of lead-depleted rats showed a higher cholesterol concentration than those of control animals. However, the cholesterol concentration in sera of leaddepleted rats was reduced.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176543

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger