摘要:

Chromaspirina vanreuselae sp. n., Zalonema myrianae sp. n., Echinodesmodora moensi sp. n., andMetachromadora (Bradylaimus) nyaliisp. n. are described from coarse coral sands in the intertidal zone of beaches along the Kenyan coast. InChromaspirina vanreuselaesp. n., 15 cheilorhabdia (instead of 12 which is typical for the Chromadorina) are found in the cheilostome.ZalonemaCobb, 1920, is restored to the genus level. Comments are given on the term ‘head region’, and on ontogenetic transformations of some morphological characters, such as amphidial shape, presence, number and position of subcephalic setae, and tail sh

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00148.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nine species belonging to two distinct groups within the genus Dichogaster Beddard, 1888 are described from material collected on the volcanic section of the island of Guadeloupe. The speciesDichogaster arborea, D. caesitifusca, D. callaina, D. girija and D. basseterrensisall inhabit the leaf tanks of bromeliads and share the following anatomical characteristics: spermathecal pores on the trailing edges of segments, spermathecal axis differentiated into ampulla, internally fluted central chamber and duct, penial setae long and slender, testes and funnels free, prostomium undivided or divided by two grooves, simple single typhlosole and a pair of dorsal caeca on the mid‐intestine.Dichogaster athenaalso inhabits bromeliads, but lacks the above characteristics and male reproductive organs, and is more similar to the remaining species. The three remaining species,D. guadeloupensis, D. matoubensis and D. musciphila, with lateral typhlosoles, no intestinal caeca, simpler spermathecal structure, prostomiums divided by a single groove and short penial setae, all inhabit soils of montane forests. The division ofDichogasterbased on muscularity of the proventriculus wall is shown to be unsupportable, since thickness of the wall is size‐rela

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00149.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bathyphytophilus diegensis sp.n. is described on basis of shell and radula characters. The radula of another species ofBathyphytophilusis illustrated, but the species is not described since the shell is unknown. Both species feed on detached blades of the surfgrassPhyllospadixcarried by turbidity currents into continental slope depths in the San Diego Trough. The anatomy ofB. diegensiswas investigated by means of semithin serial sectioning and graphic reconstruction. ‘The shell is limpet‐like; the protoconch resembles that of pseudococculinids and other lepetclloids. The radula is a distinctive, highly modified rhipidoglossate type with close similarities to the lepetellid radula. The anatomy falls well into the lepetelloid bauplan and is in general similar to that of Pseudococculinidae and Pyropcltidae. Apomorphic features are the presence of gill‐leaflets at both sides of the pallial roof (shared with certain pseudococculinids), the lack of jaws, and in particular many enigmatic pouches (bacterial chambers?) which open into the postcrior oesophagus. Autapomorphic characters of shell, radula and anatomy confirm the placement ofBathyphytophilus(withAenigmabonus) in a distinct family, Bathyphytophilidac Moskalev, 1978. As revealed by a cladistic study, the Bathyphytophilidae should be classified within the Lepetelloidea close to the Lepetellidae, Pyropeltidae, and Pseudococculi

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00150.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Spermatozoa from seven gall‐midge species, representing the supertribes Lasiopteridi and Stomatosematidi, have been examined by electron microscopy and compared to the spermatozoa of 30 previously examined gall‐midge species of the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. Derived characteristics of all examined representatives of this subfamily are the lack of acrosome and the absence of accessory tubules in their axoneme. The sperm axoneme ofDidactylomyiahas a unique ‘9 + 5 pattern’, i.e. with 9 outer doublets and 5 inner singlet microtubules. Unlike other members of Cecidomyiinae,Didactylomyiahas retained some plesiomorphic traits, namely crystal containing mitochondria and a homogeneously condensed nucleus.Stomatosemahas a 10 + 0 axoneme and an irregular nuclear condensation. Thus,Didactylomyiamay serve as an useful outgroup for phylogenetic analysis within the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. The supertribe Stomatosematidi is a paraphyletic assemblage. Nearly all members of Lasiopteridi,Ozirhincus, Arnoldiola, BrachineuraandLedomyia, have a synapomorphic character in the great number of microtubules in parallel to the axoneme. A notable exception isRhizomyia, which shares certain apomorphic traits with several genera that have previously been classified within the Cecidomyiidi, i.e.Contarinia, Allocontarinia, LestodiplosisandMyricomyia.Moreover, these genera have a flat sperm tail and microtubular doublets located close to the cell membrane, both characteristics that differ markedly from the very peculiar sperm tail found in other members of Cecidomyiidi.Cladistic analysis of sperm characters suggests that the supertribe Cecidomyiidi is a polyphyletic taxon and supports the existence of a sister‐group relationship between the supertribe Lasiopteridi and the generaRhizomyia, Contarinia, Allocontarinia, LestodiplosisandM

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00151.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three new species ofLoxosomaare described,L. nungandL. song, on the polychaetePectinaria brevispinisfrom the reef flat in front of Phuket Marine Biological Center, andL. sumon the polychaeteAxiothella obockiensisfrom a sand flat at Nai Yang Beach, Phuket Island. The genusLoxosomais briefly reviewed. Species originally referred toLoxosomabut now transferred toLoxosomellaare listed; insufficiently characterized species probably belonging toLoxosomellaare listed as well. The monospecific genusLoxostemmais synonymized withLoxosoma. The subgenus nameLoxosominais proposed to replace the junior homonymLoxomorpha.

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new species of the holopodid genusCyathidiumwas found on rocks off Grande Comore in a depth of around 200 m. Based on external morphology of resting animals, the new speciesCyathidiumplantei sp. n is described, with emphasis on comparison to the only other extant species (C. foresti) as well as to the four extinct representatives of the genus. Concerning morphological characters, the new species is almost identical to the CretaceousC. depressum. A cladistic analysis of the entire family, including the genus Holopus, shares a peculiar pattern of bending of the arms, which in principle is an apomorphic character of the family and in detail shows variations within the family. In addition, stratigraphic data are used for the determination of the evolutionary direction. This analysis reveals that the two recent species are closely related to each other, and to the fossilC. depressum. from which the entire family is probably derived.

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1996.tb00153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY