摘要:

Twenty two different handling techniques for determining the morphology ofPhyllodislormum umblaerecovered from the Arctic char,Salvelinus alpinus, in Norway are examined. In some procedurcs both hot and cold fixation were used. Examples of different methods are illustrated by photographs. In addition, the natural morphological variability ofP. umblaeis demonstrated based on specimens from different hosts and localities in Norway and Sweden. The treatment procedures fall within four main groups: (1) heat fixation, (2) cold fixation, (3) anaesthetization (physical, chemical) and (4) fixation under pressure. It is concluded that only methods which give stretching (and swelling) are passable if acceptable specimen, for measurement and descriptions are to be obtained. This is due to the obscurity of important characters in fluke bodies which are often curled or contracted whcn ‘naturally displayed’ on slides. The acceptable methods for gorgoderid taxonomy based on gross morphology in total mounts are: (1) heat fixation (based on formalin, alcohol and glacial acetic acid), (2) cold fixation (based on glacial acetic acid or Berland's fluid) and (3) anaesthetization (based on heating or freezing in saline or chemical relaxation). The recommended methods are: (1) 10% hot buffered formalin‐saline. if heating facilities are available, or, if not, (2) Berland's

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Observations on living specimens confirm the hypothesis formulated by Chabaudet al. about traumatic insemination inOncholaimus oxyuris. A detailed description is given of the copulation, the formation of copulation pores, interstitial channels and the injection of glandular material and sperm. The terminal structures of the demanian system ofO. oxyurisare not pre‐existing structures, but are built by the combined action of males, ejaculatory and female substances. The injected sperm is temporarily stored around the uvette in the main duct; from there they reach the uterus through the ductus uterinus. With each copulation, a new copulation pore and interstitial channel are formed. After withdrawal of the spicules a ‘wound plug’ seals the pore. When copulations follow at short intervals, sperm of the previous insemination are evacuated to the intestine through the osmosium. The hypothesis is formulated that subsequent copulations result in the fertilization of subsequent egg masses by different

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The existence of microsympatry (close coexistence in microhabitats) allows morphologically very similar forms belonging to intraspecifically highly variable taxa to be distinguished by consistent microanatomical characteristics at the specific level. Four pairs of closely related species ofPuellinaJullien (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Cribrimorpha), microsympatric in the Mediterranean Sea to different degrees according to the magnitude of their coexistence, are considered at the systematic, ecological and biogeographic levels.P. (Cribrilaria)innominata(Couch) coexists with: (1)P. (C.)picardisp. n., in a wide range of littoral and deep habitats; (2)P. (C.)hincksi(Friedl), in ecological transition zones within sciaphilic littoral communities.P. (Glabrilaria)pedunculataGautier, an apparently Mediterranean endemic with a wide depth range, coexists with: (1)P. (G.)orientalis orientalissp. et ssp.n., in deep hard bottoms of the eastern Mediterranean, two other subspecies,P. (G.)orientalis azorensisssp.n. andP. (G.)orientalis lusitanicassp.n., being distributed in the near Atlantic; (2)P. (G.)corbulaBishop&Househam, recently described from the English Channel, in cryptic littoral microhabitats of the northwestern Mediterranean.

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As a result of an examination of the original material of G. O. Sars and of new material from Björnehodebukta, Oslofjord,Danielssenia fusiformis(Brady) is synonymized withDanielssenia typicaBoeck and the latter species redescribed. Two new species are described;D. quadriseta, from Oslofjord, is distinguished from all other known species by the presence of only 1 inner seta on the distal endopodite segment of swimming leg 3;Danielssenia reducta, from Alaska, is the only species in the genus with just 3 setae on the terminal endopodite segment of swimming leg 4. A new key to species ofDanielsseniais also provided

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

From leaf litter samples collected at altitudes varying between 1900 m and 3800 m a.s.l. five new species of harpacticoid copepods are described. One,Parbatocamptus jochenmartensirepresents a new genus in the formerly monotypic family Phyllognathopodidae. Four,Attheyella(Chappuisella)ilami, Moraria ilami, Elaphoidella jochenmartensiandElaphoidella pseudocornuta, are new Canthocamptidae, related to leaf axil faunas of the tropical lowland forest of Indonesia.

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three new species of the lithodid genusParalomisfrom the Sulawesi (Celebes) Islands,P. ochthodessp.n., Chilean coast,P. tuberipessp.n., and Antarctic Ocean,P. birsteinisp.n., are described and illustrated. The first two species have features that set them well apart from other species of the genus. Characters are also given to distinguishP. birsteinifrom the closely alliedP. spectabilisHansen (North Atlantic).

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty one genera [includingHomoiothemaragen.n.,Polyaroideagen.n.,Proepacrocerusgen.n. and 1 unnamed new(?) genus], 3 subgenera, 87 species [including 9 new species:Acrotaeniostola interrupta, Carpophthorella bivittata, Enicoptera gressitti, Homoiothemara eurycephala, Polyaroidea distincta, P. opposita, P. univittata, Proepacrocerus pallidoviridusandXanthorrachis sabahensisand 6 unnamed new(?) species] and 1 subspecies are keyed and described or, if recently described elsewhere, only listed and additional data recorded. The following are new synonyms:Trypeta retortaWalker,Carpophthorella magnificaHendel,Gastrozona bifasciatade Meijere andGastrozona alboscutellataEnderlein =Carpophthorella nigrifasciaWalker;Icteropteravan der Wulp =SophiraWalker;Sophira disjunctaHardy =Sophira(Kambangania)ypsilon(Rondani);Curvinervis walkeriHardy andStrumeta concisaWalker =Stymbara vagariaWalker;Carpophthorella scutellomaculataHering =Xanthorrachis annandaleiBezzi.Proanoplomus cinereofasciatus(de Meijere) is a new combination andSpilocosmia kotoshoensis(Shiraki) is given new status.

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1988.tb00088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY