ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A normal blood donor has been encountered whose red cell grouping tests showed a mixed cell population of CDe/cde, Fy(a+) and cde/cde, Fy(a—) cells. A family study revealed that the cde/cde, Fy(a—) cell population could not have arisen through a normal genetic pathway and reasons are given for suggesting that a gene mutation had occurred. As both Rhesus and Duffy genes are affected, it is concluded that the mutation has modified a common gene involved at some stage in the development of both blood group antig

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Protease G is a comparatively new proteolytic enzyme obtained as a by‐product in the manufacture of streptomycin. In this first study we have found it to be of great value in detecting incomplete anti‐Rh and other antibodies present in the sera of prenatal cases. Five per cent saline suspensions of selected cells were exposed to a 0.1 per cent solution of protease G, and results were compared with those obtained by using trypsinized and ficinized cells. In general, the results compare favorably with those obtained with ficin, and this new enzyme is superior to trypsin in titration studies. It is predicted that protease G will be a useful addition to the proteolytic enzymes that are currently used in many blood banking procedu

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human blood has been stored in citrate‐dextrose anticoagulants resembling NIH formula‐B, but with varying hydrogen ion concentrations. At a storage temperature of 4 C, a preservativepH of 5.0 was found to be optimal for ATP preservation. At a temperature of 37 C in contrast, a preservativepH of 7.0 or 7.9 was most favorable for maintenance of ATP levels. If adenine was added to the preservative mixture, the optimum was found to be 5.5 rather than 5.0. It was found that a change in temperature resulted in a strikingpH shift, so that optimal storagepH both at 37 C and at 4 C was approximately 7.5, provided thepH measurements were made at the storage temperature. ThepH optimum of the ATPase system was not found to vary with temperature, and the rate of glycolysis was increased at higherpH levels at 4 C as well as at 37 C. These studies emphasize that as any component of the blood preservative mixture is changed, as when adenine is added, limiting factors in preservation may be altered, and the other conditions of storage must be re‐investi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The observations reported are for erythrocytes frozen at ‐80 C for one month. Deglycerolized red blood cells resuspended in autologous plasma and stored at 4 C for 21 days after reconstitution have acceptable 24 hour survival, that is 70 per cent or greater. Deglycerolized red blood cells resuspended in 5 per cent Hyland albumin medium and stored at 4C for up to 12 days after reconstitution have acceptable 24‐hour survival. Deglycerolyzed red blood cells resuspended in 5 per cent outdated albumin medium have acceptable 24‐hour chromium survival when stored at 4 C for up to six days. The mode of removal of the nonviable erythrocytes in nonsurgical patients is primarily through an extravascular mechanism. The clinical acceptability of a reconstituted unit of preserved blood is dependent not only on the survival of the preserved red blood cells but equally on the mode of removal of the nonviable erythrocytes and the total amount of free supernatant hemoglobin. It is recommended that the total amount of free supernatant hemoglobin in reconstituted, previously frozen units should be measured on the day of transfusion because of the variability and unpredictability of the levels observed in this

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recipient plasma hemoglobin was measured prior to, during, and following infusions of deglycer‐olized red blood cells resuspended in autologous plasma, 5 per cent outdated albumin resuspension medium, and isotonic saline. Blood collected in ACD solution and stored at 4 C was studied in a similar manner. The effect of aggregation and disaggregation of erythrocytes on the recipient plasma hemoglobin was observed. Observations in 12 nonsurgical recipients indicate that the mode of removal of nonviable deglycerolized erythrocytes is primarily through an extravascular mechanism without detectable hemoglobinemia.The aggregation of erythrocytes in either ACD blood or deglycerolized, reconstituted blood with 5 per cent dextrose and water and their disaggregation with 0.9 per cent sodium chloride in a common channel of intravenous tubing produced no unexplained elevation of the recipient plasma hemoglobin. In seven recipients studied, no abnormal antibodies were detected following repeated transfusions of deglycerolized erythrocytes over a period of tim

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to determine the effect of concentration and pooling of platelet rich plasma (PRP) from multiple donors on response to platelet transfusion, the results of investigations with various preparations of fresh platelets for transfusion were analyzed. Transfusions of multiple donor, pooled PRP and platelet concentrates (PC) were compared by study of response to 385 transfusions in 55 patients with thrombocytopenia. The mean platelet increment an hour after PRP transfusion was 55,000/5 units/sq. meter surface area of the recipient. The mean fraction of platelets surviving in the circulation on the second day was 36 per cent of the increment. The results of the multiple donor pools were similar to PRP transfused from single donors. On the other hand, concentration of platelets reduced the effectiveness of platelet transfusion by over 50 per cent. Several methods of preparation of platelet concentrates were compared. The effects of age of the concentrate, resuspending medium, anticoagulant, and centrifugation are enumerated. However, a controlled clinical transfusion study showed that the decreased response to PC transfusions was due mainly to the deleterious effects of high speed centrifugation (1,500 to 5,000 × g) employed in the process of concentrating platelets from PRP. No method of preparing platelet concentrates was shown to be superior. Although inferior to PRP in terms of response to transfusion, concentrates are valuable because of their ease of handling and clinical utility when large quantities of platelets in a small volume of fluid are indicated

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using population genetics it was demonstrated that two newly discovered blood factors of chimpanzee blood, Acand Bc, and the blood factor Nvdetected byVicia graminealectin, belong to the same blood group system, designated the V‐A‐B blood group system. In a study of 60 chimpanzees, all eight of the theoretically possible phenotypes were encountered. By gene frequency analysis, it was demonstrated that five of the eight possible genes postulated by the genetic theory of multiple allelic genes occurred among these 60 animals. A suitable nomenclature has been formulated which incorporates the facts observed.In the analysis of the findings, a paradox was encountered in the application of the 2 × 2 contingency test. This paradox has been resolved and expla

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two young, adult, male chimpanzees received repeated injections of 100 ml. of packed erythrocytes from two individual human donors. Both the intravenous and intraperitoneal routes of administration were employed. Hemagglutinins directed against all human red cells were detected in the sera of these animals after the first injection and subsequently increased in titer. In addition, an antibody was detected which reacted with seven out of 17 chimpanzee cells tested, the remaining ten being completely negative. Absorption of these sera with a variety of human group O cells removed all activity against human erythrocytes as well as that against the red cells of the reactor chimpanzees. Absorption with the cells of the non‐reactor animals failed to remove any of the antibodies while similar absorption with the cells of reactors removed the agglutinin against the chimpanzee cells but not the one reacting with the human cell

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stains on three items, a bottle, a man's shoe and a beer can, were revealed to be human blood, Group O. Methods of study characteristic of the immunohematology laboratory were utilized to perform the necessary tests for identification and blood grouping:Precipitin Tests in Agar with Anti‐Human Serum. Hemagglutination Tests for identification of iso‐agglutinins anti‐A and anti‐B, including an enzyme test (Ficin).Hemagglutination‐Inhibition Teste for identification of blood group O, using anti‐H (Ulex europeus) in addition to anti

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1965.tb01137.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY