摘要:

An individual, whose parents are third cousins, has been shown to be homozygous for the rare Mi.V. condition. The proposita's red blood cells type as M−, N+(weak), S−, s+(strong), U+, Mi(a−), Vw−, Hil+; Wr(a− b−). The cells react, albeit less strongly than most other samples, with anti‐Ena. However, from studies on the red blood cells of the proposita and on those of another person of the En(a+), Wr(a−b−) phenotype, it is apparent that the term “anti‐Ena” actually describes a number of antibodies of differing specificities. Inhibition studies with sialoglycoprotein (SGP) isolates, and tests on protease‐modified red blood cells illustrate some of the differences in specificity.Biochemical analyses of the SGPs of the red blood cells of theMiVhomozygote and those of her parents confirm that the Mi.V condition is associated with the absence of normal MN SGP (α) and normal Ss SGP (δ), the appearance of a hybrid SGP molecule comprised of a portion of the MN SGP at its NH2 terminal end, and a portion of the S

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1981.tb05653.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The serum of J.R. contains anti‐Wrband her red blood cells are of the phenotype Wr(a‐b‐). Evidence was obtained that suggested that her cells totally lack normal MN and Ss sialoglycoproteins (SGPs), and carry instead an abnormal SGP, which is likely to be a hybrid SGP resembling the MN SGP in its outer portion and the Ss SGP in its inner portion. Although the apparent hybrid SGPs of J.R. and theMiVhomozygote are virtually indistinguishable in terms of their electrophoretic mobility (apparent molecular weight 40,000) and staining characteristics, they are not identical. That of J.R. is associated with a weak M and increased S antigen, while that of theMiVhomozygote is associated with a very weak N, a greatly exalted s, and the rare antigen, Hil. Like the study on the blood of theMiVhomozygote, serologic studies on the red blood cells of J.R. have revealed considerable heterogeneity of what have previously been called the Enaantigen and anti‐Enaant

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1981.tb05654.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An auto‐anti‐Ena, which reacts with trypsin, but not with ficin‐treated red blood cells, and which can be totally inhibited with sialoglycoprotein (SGP) isolates from red blood cells, is described. From comparative studies on this antibody and on the four known examples of allo‐anti‐Ena, it is clear that the term “anti‐Ena” describes a heterogeneous group of related but not identical specificities. The specificities contained within the auto‐anti‐Enadescribed are different from those within any of the sera containing allo‐anti‐Ena. Several of the specificities that have been included under the blanket term, anti‐Ena, complex with the MN SGP of normal red blood cells, but recognize different por

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127479.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anti‐C3d sera were raised to different C3d antigens or to the same C3d antigen by different methods. Although identical by immunoprecipitation studies, the various anti‐C3d sera showed differences in specificities against bound C3d antigen. Such differences were observed wih red blood cells coated with C3d invivoand invitro. Antisera made to the C3d− KAF antigen detected fewer molecules/cell on C3d−tryp cells than did antisera made to the C3d−tryp antigen. The converse was true for C3d− KAF cells. “Saturation” experiments indicated that different anti−C3d detected different “subpopulations” of bound C3d. C3d bound to red blood cellsin vivowas, in at least one case, detectable by some anti‐ C3d sera but not by others. Such differences in anti‐C3d specificity may be important in determining the optimal characteristics of anti‐C3d antiglobulin serum

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127480.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To enable the detection of IgG class, anti‐IgA antibodies (IgG‐aIgA) and to investigate the possible occurrence of IgE class, anti‐IgA antibodies (IgE‐aIgA), we developed a solid phase immunoradiometric assay (IRA), which uses purified IgA coupled covalently to microcrystalline cellulose as an immunosorbent. Radiolabeled, Fc specific anti‐IgG and anti‐IgE antibodies were used to detect specific aIgA after incubation of test sera or controls with the immunosorbent. IgG‐aIgA were detected by the IRA in 100 and 67 per cent of control sera with class specific and limited specificity aIgA. The IRA was sensitive to approximately two ng of class specific IgG‐aIgA. IgG‐aIgA also were detected by IRA in 7.9 per cent of sera from patients with urticarial transfusion reactions and 73 per cent of sera from patients with ataxia telangiectasia and IgA deficiency. Sera from 50 normal blood donors did not have detectable IgG‐aIgA. Tests for IgE‐aIgA were negative in all cases, including control sera with class specific IgG‐ aIgA. We conclude that the IRA is a sensitive and reproducible method for detection of class specific and limited specificity IgG‐aIgA, and that IgE‐aIgA do not mediate urtic

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127481.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We observed three cases in which anti‐M, undetectable in pretransfusion serum, was responsible for accelerated hemolysis of crossmatch‐ compatible red blood cells 5 to 15 days after transfusion. In each case, the direct antiglobulin test, which had been negative on pretransfusion testing, was weakly positive on the posttransfusion sample. Anti‐M was identified in both the serum and eluate from the posttransfusion sample in two cases. In the third, anti‐M could be identified only in the posttransfusion serum. Hemolysis was mild, and was not clinically suspected in any of these three patients until blood was requested for further transfusion. In one of the cases, the antibody was undetectable within a few weeks after the hemolytic episode. Destruction of transfused red blood cells by newly synthesized alloantibodies, particularly those of the Kidd system, is a familiar phenomenon to blood bankers. It is apparent from these studies that anti‐M also can behave in thi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127482.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The production, function, and use of a new antiglobulin control cell is described. The cells are sensitized with monovalent Fab (fragment, antigen‐binding) fragments and can be agglutinated by active antiglobulin serum only. In contrast to commercial antiglobulin control cells, which are frequently associated with false‐positive results, the reactivity of the Fab‐sensitized cells is entirely specific. It is concluded that Fab‐sensitized cells provide greater quality assurance than currently available r

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127483.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Acetylation of erythrocytic membranes by aspirin has not been reported. When erythrocytes or erythrocytic membranes are incubated with [acetyl‐14C]aspirin, there is good evidence of very tight binding to membrane peptides in concentrations known to occurin vivo, 20 to 200 µM. No such evidence is observed with [carboxy‐14C] aspirin. This indicates acetylation of membrane peptides. Although pronounced selectivity is not observed among the different peptides by gel filtration on Bio‐Gel A‐5M and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, there is overall saturation with a half‐maximum at about 10 mM. The clinical significance of acetylation of membrane peptides of erythrocytes

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127484.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten normal donors were monitored before, during, and after ten weekly donations of platelet concentrates prepared using the Haemonetics Model 30 blood processor. Analysis of these data indicates about a 20 per cent decrease of lymphocytes, with B cells being significantly decreased in half of these patients. While coincident immunoglobulin deficiencies did not develop in this short‐term study, it is presumed that these would occur with a prolongation of platelet donations, as has been noted in previous studies. Additional studies are indicated to further delineate the lymphocyte depletion in normal platelet donor

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127485.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Individually matched (rhesus‐D) Rh‐positive frozen/thawed red blood cells were used to immunize 28 Rh‐negative male volunteers. The immunizing schedule consisted of a single unit (200 ml) of frozen/thawed red blood cells, followed by six monthly booster doses (0.5 to 1.0 ml) after a rest period of six months. A final response rate of 93 percent (26 of 28) was achieved. All responders had produced anti‐D before the second booster injection (mean detection time 4.25 months). Retrospective analysis indicated that the final response rate and the level of anti‐D response could be predicted as early as seven to eight months from the start of immunization. These findings have practical implications for deciding when to discontinue immunization. The Rh genotype of the immunizing cells did not appear to be an important factor in determining the anti‐D response, and with the matching system used, antibodies other than anti‐C, D, and/or E were not produced. The use of frozen/thawed red blood cells for immunization has the advantage of permitting optimum matching for undesirable red blood cell antigens and minimizing the risk of transmitting disease to t

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21181127486.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY