摘要:

Twenty‐three cases of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) occurring at the Mayo Clinic from 1964 through 1973 are reviewed. Nineteen patients had clinical manifestations of hemolysis, of which fever was the most frequent presenting symptom. The degree of hemolysis served as an index of morbidity. In four cases, there was oliguria, two of these patients experiencing renal shutdown. In one case, hemolysis led to a disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Death occurred subsequent to DHTR in three patients. The direct antiglobulin test was positive in all but one case; this finding coincided with elevated unconjugated bilirubin in 14 cases and decreased haptoglobin levels in 15 cases. Anti‐Jkaantibody accounted for somewhat more than one‐third of reactions and, along with anti‐E, c, D, Fya, and K antibodies accounted for 91 per cent o

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118550.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For the past three years, we have routinely used the one‐hourin vivosurvival of51Cr‐labeled donor red blood cells to select units for transfusion to patients for whom crossmatch compatible blood was unavailable. This technique successfully evaluatedin vivocompatibility, thus avoiding acute hemolytic transfusion reactions in 38 problem patients. New or confirmatory data regarding the hemolytic potential of several well defined antibodies was also obtained.Antibodies which proved to be clinically insignificant included: anti‐IT(all IgG), anti‐Sda, anti‐Kir, Mil, Oca, anti‐Chido, anti‐Bg, 14 of 15 “nonspecific warm autoantibodies” (three of which were associated with the ingestion of alphamethyldopa), and four of five antibodies to high‐incidence antigens. Clinically significant antibodies included: anti‐Yta, anti‐Jkb, the antibody in PCH (with “P” specificity), one intensely hemolytic “nonspecific warm autoagglutinin,” and one of five incompletely characterized antibodies to high‐incidence antigens. An acceptablein vivocompatibility test in every instance was associated with an appropriate rise in hematocrit and no clinical symptoms

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118571.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The data from this investigation show that the anti‐VS sera studied cannot be separated into anti‐hrv(anti‐V) and anti‐hrHspecificities. The antibody specificity is singular and is directed against an antigenic determinant present on VS positive red blood cells. That some anti‐VS sera appear to have a separable specificity may be due to the incomplete absorption of those antisera.It was shown that V–, VS+ red blood cells adsorb more anti‐VS than do those that are V+, VS+. Several absorption of anti‐VS serum with V +, VS + red blood cells may remove enough of the antibody that the absorbed serum will no longer (visibly) react with V +, VS+ red blood cells, though the same absorbed serum will react with V‐, VS+ red blood cells. That this is not a separable specificity can be demonstrated by subsequent absorption to exhaustion of the same serum with V +, VS+ red blood cells.Testing of the original Hernandez serum confirmed that it defines the antigenic specificity, hrH. The relationship of hrHto VS may be similar to the relationship of the Rho(D) antigen to the antigens of

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118561.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two methods were used for the preparation of platelet concentrates from fresh and overnight‐stored human ACD blood. In a two‐step method prostoglandin E1was added to platelet rich plasma and the mixture was centrifuged to obtain platelet concentrate. The IBM 2991 Blood Cell Processor was used in a one‐step‐method. The concentrates were stored in the frozen state. Concentrates prepared with the two‐step method had a higher platelet recovery and a lower leukocyte contamination than did concentrates prepared with the one‐step method. Based on serotonin uptake velocity, response to hypotonic stress and available platelet factor 3, no essential differences were observed between platelet concentrates prepared from fresh and overnight‐stored blood. Concentrates prepared with the one‐step method had a higher serotonin uptake velocity than those prepared with the two‐step method. This did not result in a better recovery after

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118562.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to determine the feasibility of 4 C storage of frozen‐thawed red blood cells beyond the 24 hours now allowed by the Food and Drug Administration (BoB), chemical and cytological measurements were made of blood units processed by different methods. The only significant findings were a progressive increase in the plasma hemoglobin and plasma potassium. These were most pronounced when the storage medium was the 0.8% NaCl‐0.2% dextrose and storage was continued past five days. Storage in autologous plasma produced less pronounced changes, but the changes were still about twice that found in a unit of whole blood stored for the same amount of time. Storage in 5% albumin or Plasma Protein Fraction did not seem to provide conditions much superior to the dextrose‐saline solution. Contamination of the unit produced somewhat more hemolysis than in its sterile control but not enough to be readily detectable. From these studies it seems logical that the 4 C storage time could be extended to at least three, and in all probability five days, with no significant harm to the recipient, and with a great increase in the useable life of the blood unit, thus increasing the availability of a very precious comm

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118563.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of a new micropore transfusion filter (Fenwal 4C2423) on stored whole blood have been examined. Five filters were preloaded by passage of two units of outdated type specific bank blood, and the effects of filtration on a third unit, consisting of 21‐day‐old blood, flowing under 150 mmHg pressure, were measured. Filtration did not significantly alter red blood cell count, total hemoglobin, red blood cell fragility, plasma sodium, potassium, albumin, or globulin. Some platelets and white blood cells were removed and a small amount of hemolysis of erythrocytes (<0.1%) was observed. Removal of microaggregates, assessed by Coulter counting, screen filtration pressure, total screen proteins, wet and dry weights of material retained, and scanning electron microscopy, was shown to be excellent over the entire range of particle size. Comparison of the Bentley PFS‐127, Fenwal 4C2417, Johnson&Johnson Intersept®, Pall Ultipore®, and Swank IL200 filters led to the conclusion that the Fenwal 4C2423 was both a significant improvement over the previous Fenwal design and comparable to the most efficient of these filters for both the removal of microaggregates during massive blood transfusion and for the blood flow rates o

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118564.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human granulocytes were isolated from blood either by counterflow centrifugation in a Beckman JE‐6 rotor or by sedimentation of the red blood cells with dextran and centrifugation of the granulocyte‐rich plasma. The stability of the granulocytes was assessed during storage in the liquid state by measurements of granulocyte loss, volume distribution characteristics, and ability to produce fluorescein in their cytoplasm and to exclude ethidium bromide from their nuclei. After storage at 4 C for 2 days in phosphate‐buffered saline with a pH of 7.1 containing 5 g/dl human albumin + 0.46 g/dl dextrose or 1 g/dl Physiogel + 0.46 g/dl dextrose, the granulocytes were adequately preserved from thein vitromeasure

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118565.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated the recent conversion of the New Mexico blood supply from a donor recruitment base which depended almost entirely upon paid, responsibility fee, and insured donors to 100 per cent reliance upon altruistic donors. Blood Services of New Mexico (BSNM) effected this change. The local Red Cross played a key role in interpreting the change to the community and in providing entree for BSNM recruiters to the right places in the community, resulting in the enlistment of an almost entirely new group of donors who had never been asked to give blood before. The sequence of decision making is identified in relation to the detailed results during the transition. Altruistically donated blood did not significantly alter the incidence of HBsAg in the New Mexico blood supply. The supply of blood was not interrupted or diminished, the range and quality of blood services improved and the cost of blood service to the patient was reduced. The New Mexico community responded magnificently, although focal responsibility for the success of this project rests with a small number of key individuals. New Mexico now has an altruistically donated blood supply.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118566.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty randomly chosen voluntary plateletpheresis donors were interviewed in depth. Information on their family histories, past histories, present psychosocial adjustment, and history of blood donation was elicited. Most donors had a high level of commitment and drive to achieve, frequently related to low self‐image dating from childhood. The act of platelet donation had several important meanings for the subjects. It improved their self‐esteem, making them feel more worthy and responsible persons. It provided them with an opportunity to establish relationships with others. The data obtained in this survey suggest that the altruistic behavior of the voluntary donors should be seen both as an act of giving and also one of receiving emotional gratification which fulfills one's important psychological needs. Utilization of these data in recruitment of plateletpheresis donors is sugges

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118567.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18178118568.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY