ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160259.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An antibody defining an antigen that is very similar in structure to M is described. The reactions of this antibody are considered in the light of what is now known of the biochemical structure of the M and N blood group antigens.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160271.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The hemagglutinating properties of a large proportion of anti‐M and anti‐N reagents, and sera containing antibodies to MN‐related antigens, have been shown to be unaffected by treatment of red blood cells with neuraminidase. These antibodies, which define NANA‐independent MN‐ system structures, provide further evidence that MN blood group specificity may also be determined by moieties other than N‐ acetylneur

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160260.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred and ninety‐one transfusions using 221 pediatric frozen red blood cell packs (Pedi‐Packs) were given to 141 newborn babies and infants in the newborn intensive care unit. In 18 patients, 47 transfusions were studied for transfusion and clinical characteristics. Two possible hemolytic episodes are described in detail and remain unexplained. Blood loss for laboratory tests was found to average 3.1 ml/kg per day spent in the newborn intensive care unit. The rise in hematocrit was found to be excellent. Overall, the transfusion of thawed pediatric red blood cell packs was found to be convenient, safe and effective. Because of pretesting possibilities with the use of this source of red blood cells, one of the problems associated with a walking donor program is elimina

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160261.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A commercial Rho (D) immune globulin after heating at 63 C became Ripley‐like in the Rh‐positive red blood cells coated with this heated globulin carried biologic activities similar to those of red blood cells coated with Ripley anti‐CD serum. These coated red blood cells fixed complement and were agglutinated by all 20 sera containing rheumatoid factor (RF). The RF‐Rh‐hemagglutinations were more readily inhibited by heated than by unheated human IgG. The heated globulin had no such effect on Rh‐negative red blood cells. Fractionation studies by Na2SO4 precipitation and/or Sephadex G‐200 gel filtration revealed that heat‐induced IgG aggregates in heated globulin were responsible for the biological activities. In contrast, these activities in Ripley serum were carried by IgG monomers. Another anti‐CD serum (Heyman), tested in paralledl, was found to be indistinguishable from Ripley. a pooled RF serum, after multiple adsorptions with red blood cells coated with globulin, lost its agglutination activity to red blood cells coated with Riple

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160262.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Posttransfusion hepatitis and asymptomatic liver disease remain serious and unresolved problems in transfused patients with hereditary hemorrhagic diseases. We studied the occurrence of antibody and antigen to hepatitis B virus (anti‐Hbs and HBsAg) as well as antibody to cytomegalovirus (anti‐CMV) and Epstein‐Barr virus (anti‐EBV) in this population and correlated this with liver function tests. The study population was divided into two groups: Group I, consisting of 35 patients (moderate to mild disease) requiring less than 12 transfusions per year and Group II, consisting of 38 patients (severe disease) requiring more than 12 transfusions per year. Frequency of transfusion correlated with detectable anti‐HBs and anti‐CMV (48.6% and 25.7% in Group I, 94.7% and 47.4% in Group II). Three patients, all in Group I, were HBsAg positive while none in Group II had demonstrable antigen. Anti‐EBV occurred with similar frequency in both groups. The abnormal liver funtion tests present in 62.9 per cent of Group I and 89.5 per cent of Group II correlated poorly with the presence of anti‐HBs, anti‐CMV and anti‐EBV. Splenomegaly was not detected in any of the 73 patients. HBV and CMV appear to be transmissible by transfusion, and other viruses such as non‐A, non‐B may account for

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160263.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three instances ofSerratia marcescenssepticemia in two patients following infusion of platelet concentrates stored at 22 C, and the isolation of the organism from one unit of a platelet concentrate, led to a study to determine the possible sources of such contamination. Cultures of the available blood products, derived from the same blood donations used to prepare the suspect platelet concentrates, yieldedSerratia marcescensfrom two units of cryoprecipitate and from one unit of red blood cells. All other available blood products were sterile.Serratia marcescenswas isolated in considerable numbers from 82 per cent of the vacuum tubes from one manufacturer's lot in use in the transfusion center at the time of the septic episodes. Six other lots of vacuum tubes prepared by the same manufacturer in use at the same time were sterile. The organism was not found in samples from other equipment, materials or personnel involved in the preparation of the blood products. Simulation of the blood collection technique using vacuum tubes from the contaminated lot, when filled from an in‐line needle as used following the blood collection procedure, gave contamination of the primary pack withSerratia marcescensin five of the six experiments attempted. The contaminated vacuum tubes were thus considered the most likely source of contamination of the platelet concentrate

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160264.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In vitro function of fresh platelets and platelets stored for 24 hours at 4 C and 22 C was studied using the release of14C‐5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), adenine nucleotides and calcium following stimulation with thrombin. Storage of platelets did not affect14C‐5‐HT uptake capability, adenine nucleotide content or adenine nucleotide release. Platelets stored in 4 C varied from fresh platelets and 22 C‐stored platelets with respect to 5‐HT and calcium release. For measurement of 5‐HT release, different thrombin‐to‐platelet concentrations were used. At thrombin‐to‐platelet concentrations of 0.013 to 0.02 U/108platelets, 4 C‐stored platelets released more 5‐HT than did fresh platelets. Differences between 4 C‐stored platelets and 22 C stored platelets were observed over a wider range of thrombin‐to‐plate‐lets concentrations. The 4 C‐stored platelets released significantly greater amounts of 5‐HT at thrombin‐to‐platelet concentrations of 0.008‐0.02 L/ml. Calcium release, measured with the calcium electrode, was studied at high (1.0 L/ml) and low (0.06 U/ml) thrombin concentrations and at a platelet concentration of 8 × 108platelets/ml. At the high thrombin concentration, the amount of calcium released was the same for all platelets studied. At the low thrombin concentration, platelets stored at 4 C released a greater amount of calcium than did either fresh platelets or platelets stored at 22 C. The results obtained with different thrombin‐to‐platelet concentrations suggest that there is only a narrow range of thrombin concentrations per platelet at which the subtle differences between platelet populations may be detected. The range may reflect the threshold concentration of thrombin that is required to initiate a release reaction. The apparently lower thrombin threshold required by 4 C platelets to undergo a release reaction may be a factor contributing to their reduced

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160265.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hours after normal donors were given intravenous dexamethasone, their leukocytes were collected by intermittent flow centrifugation. Neutrophils were tested immediately after collection and following storage at 4 to 6 C for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Tests included total leukocyte and absolute neutrophil counts, plasma glucose concentrations, the percentage of phagocytic neutrophils, the ability of phagocytes to accumulate particles, can‐didacidal activity, bactericidal capacity and chemotaxis. Total leukocyte and absolute neutrophil counts in the stored suspensions were decreased after 48 hours (p = .005). Plasma glucose levels in the suspensions declined at first, then stabilized at 48 hours of storage probably because of loss of cellular integrity. Chemotaxis, candidacidal activity, phagocytosis and dye exclusion showed statistically significant decreases at 24 hours. Chemotaxis deteriorated rapidly, with a mean 63 per cent functional loss at 48 hours. We conclude that treatment of donors with dexamethasone does not extend the storage limits of granulocyte concentrates used for clinical transfusions. Based on these and our previous observations, unless the storage changes should be shown to be reversible, granulocyte concentrates should probably not be stored more than 24 hours before transfusio

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160266.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Costs for therapeutic products utilized in treating hemophilia can be prohibitive to patients. The costs can be effectively reduced by understanding the elements comprising the total cost of these products. By calculating appropriate dosage schedules, avoiding indiscriminate purchasing practices, and monitoring costs to patients, physicians can help reduce the total financial burden to patients and third party payers.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19179160267.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY