摘要:

In this paper, an ongoing investigation on the development of SPERIL Systems, which are knowledge‐based expert systems for damage assessment of existing structures, is described. The development of a new version, SPERIL‐3, is presented and the motivations for the development of this system are discussed. Specifically, knowledge organization and knowledge acquisition in this system are emphasized. The automation of knowledge acquisition is presented and discussed.In this paper, an ongoing investigation on the development of SPERIL systems, which are knowledge‐based expert systems for damage assessment of existing structures, is described. The development of a new version, SPERIL‐3, is presented and the motivations for the development of this system are discussed. Specifically, knowledge organization and knowledge acquisition in this system are emphasized. The automation of knowledge acquisition is presented and di

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This work describes the development and functions of an IBM‐compatible real‐time microcomputer software to be used as a decision tool in coordinating and carrying out transportation‐related activities in the aftermath of urban disasters such as earthquakes. The package incorporates the needs and experiences of response organizations involved in the postearthquake transportation‐related operations in Mexico City. A number of transportation needs recognized as vital in operations related to emergency preparedness, response, and return to normalcy have been addressed. The software is named the “Transportation Emergency Decision Support System” (TEDSS) and includes the following features: 1) A graphical network‐editing capability to modify the street network in terms of geometric and operational changes which could take place, including closed street links, changes in number of lanes, changes in travel direction of streets, cordoned off areas, parking‐regulation changes, changes in transit routes, etc. 2) An emergency vehicle‐dispatch algorithm to determine the best route to be taken from an origin to an incident point, considering all the changes which have taken place in the street system geometry and operational conditions. 3) A street clean‐up prioritization scheme to assign priorities for the clean up of closed street links in terms of the amount of resources needed for the cleanup of a closed link as well as the degree of importance of each closed link in search and rescue operations and

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Our objective is to design computer systems which provide active computer support to users. “Active support” occurs when the computer works independently to assist the user, without explicit direction from the user. Such support would be very valuable to engineers. designers, planners, managers, and other professionals who work on complex problems.We argue that, for a computer system to provide active support, the system must build and maintain a model of the user's model of the problem. Such a model must be based on a valid descriptive theory of human problem‐working processes. We describe such a theory and show how it can be used in designing a computer system to provide active su

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The use of computer‐based systems to monitor and display vehicle location is currently an area of strong interest, and a number of organizations have developed such systems. Real‐time vehicle systems monitoring, which can fit hand‐inglove with location monitoring, is less well developed. Our requirement for vehicle data acquisition systems (DAS) was to monitor and store data on driving cycle, temperatures, pressures, engine stoichiometry, etc. In the course of working with fleets, it became clear that if vehicle systems data could be transmitted to a base station in real time, could be interpreted by base station software to provide a diagnostic capability, and could be combined with a map location display capability, then it would be of interest to a large number of fleets. The system, which has recently been developed, consists of enboard vehicle microprocessor monitoring, data reduction and transmission components, a VHF or satellite communications link, a base station signal modem, and an AT‐type microcomputer for data analysis and display. This paper traces the evolution of the microcomputer‐based systems monitoring of vehicles and provides some insight into the capabilities of suc

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A production system model has been developed for terrain analysis problem solving. The working memory of the production system is used to store specific domain knowledge about landforms. This involved the description of landforms in terms of their pattern elements, including their likelihood of occurrence. The production memory was used to store the rules of inferencing. These rules were general rules and were applicable to all landforms. Thus, the domain knowledge about terrain analysis was separated into two components: one component consisting of specific knowledge about landforms, stored as facts in the working memory; and the other component consisting of the general methodology for inferencing, stored as rules in the production memory. Such a separation of knowledge enables additions to the knowledge base fairly easily. The knowledge base can be extended to encompass more landforms simply by creating more working‐memory elements. The present version of the prototype expert system has been implemented using OPSS, a production system language. Uncertainty calculations were performed by invoking LISP functions from OPS5. The results indicated that the production system model was appropriate for designing the prototype expert system for terrain analysi

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The potential utilization of expert systems in construction management has drawn considerable attention in recent years. Many prototype systems were developed and have been described in previous studies. None of these studies, however, has addressed the basis for the selection of an expert system building tool (ESBT), the most important component in developing such systems. This paper presents a set of criteria for such selection. The criteria is then applied to investigate nine commercially available ESBTs, including four microcomputer‐based tools, for building a knowledge‐based expert system for construction planning and control. The criteria, although developed for specific application, could be readily extend to cover other problem domi

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00157.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A series of programs has been developed especially for educational purposes and to support the lectures on urban and interurban modelling. These programs are collectively called “Teacher‐Friendly Transportation Program/Student Proof Version” or TFTP/SPV.The programs consist of four levels. The first level illustrates the working of the calculation methods used in detail. The second level gives the interconnection between the different parts of the transportation forecasting model. The third level demonstrates the estimation of base year origindestination matrices, estimation of deterrence functions, and the nonlinear weighted Poisson estimation method for multidimensional matrices. The programs are used in lectures, but can also be used as prototypes in feasibility studies of new research developments (Level IV). The programs can be used on microcomputers working under

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1988.tb00159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY