摘要:

AbstractSoil bacteria of the generaAzorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, andRhizobiumare collectively termed rhizobia. They share the ability to penetrate legume roots and elicit morphological responses that lead to the appearance of nodules. Bacteria within these symbiotic structures fix atmosphere nitrogen and thus are of immense ecological and agricultural significance. Although modern genetic analysis of rhizobia began less than 20 years ago, dozens of nodulation genes have now been identified, some in multiple species of rhizobia. These genetic advances have led to the discovery of a host surveillance system encoded bynodDand to the identification of Nod factor signals. These derivatives of oligochitin are synthesized by the protein products ofnodABC, nodFE, NodPQ, and other nodulation genes; they provoke symbiotic responses on the part of the host and have generated immense interest in recent years. The symbiotic functions of other nodulation genes are nonetheless uncertain, and there remain significant gaps in our knowledge of several large groups of rhizobia with interesting biological properties. This review focuses on the nodulation genes of rhizobia, with particular emphasis on the concept of biological specificity of symbiosis with legume host plants.

ISSN:0738-8551    

DOI:10.3109/07388559609146599

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTurkey is a country not usually associated with industrial biotechnology. However, when current research potential in universities and other R&D centers and particularly contributions made to the international literature since the mid-1980s are taken into account, high-quality international-level work is now commonplace, especially in areas such as industrial microbiology, enzyme technology, biomaterials and biological wastewater treatment. Work in plant biotechnology is at a relatively early stage, but is expected to become a rapidly developing force in the near future. The present article documents current potential in Turkey, based on significant publications produced during the last 8 years.

ISSN:0738-8551    

DOI:10.3109/07388559609146600

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe use of SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) mice in medical research and biotechnology has increased tremendously in recent years. This review outlines the major characteristics of these animals and the impediments that they pose to the engraftment of human cells and tissues. The development of our SCID mice pretreatment protocol (anti-asialo GM1 antisera and radiation) is described, and the results of xenotransplantation studies of human cells and tissues in these pretreated animals are outlined. Wherever possible, data from transplantation studies (of human tissues and cells) in pretreated and nonpretreated animals are compared. The potential of our pretreated SCID mice for medical research and biotechnology is discussed.

ISSN:0738-8551    

DOI:10.3109/07388559609146601

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor