摘要:

As a basis for the studies of the role ofEscherichia coliL‐phase variants in urinary tract infections the immunological characteristics of the L‐phase variants of threeE. colistrains were studied (E. coliO8:K8:H4;E. coliO2:K1:H4 andE. coliO15:K?:H?). The L‐phase variants were induced by penicillin on solid media and could be subcultivated at least thirty times on penicillin‐free media without reverting to bacteria. Antisera to the bacteria and L‐phase variants were produced in rabbits. Most of the antigens in the bacteria were also found in the L‐phase variants. All L‐phase variants contained O antigen. In the L‐phase variant ofE. coliO8:K8:H4 K antigen was also found. In all the micro‐organisms an antigen with high electrophoretic mobility common to manyE. coli, Proteus and Pseudonomas strains was found. There was enough O antigen in all the L‐phase variants to induce an O antibody response in rabbits similar to the O antibody response induced b

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When rats immunized with bovine serum albumin in complete adjuvant were irradiated 10 days later with 800 rads their ability to display a positive skin reaction to the test antigen was suppressed for 4–5 days. Thereafter recovery was evident in spite of persisting low blood leucocyte levels. Specific cells were demonstrated in the animals by migration inhibition of peritoneal cells two days after irradiation, when skin reactions were negative. On the other hand transfer of normal bone marrow cells corrected the ability to mount skin reactions but spleen, thoracic duct or lymph node cells did not. It seems that post‐irradiation suppression of skin reactions does not depend on damage of specific cells but depends on shortage of a bone marrow derived cell type participating in skin reactions as a nonspecific compon

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By challenge experiments on minks it has been shown that distemper vaccines may provoke formation of neutralizing antibodies in good titres without giving protection. In small scale experiments it was found that mink kits even at the age of 4 weeks might be protected through vaccination, provided the mothers had not been vaccinated. In kits born of vaccinated mothers, successful vaccinations may apparently be carried out by the age of 11 weeks, but if applied before this time, maternal antibodies seem to interfere with the vaccination. At 4 weeks, maternal antibodies alone may give protection.

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Urine was examined for the presence of hepatitis associated antigen (HAA) by means of gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis in thirteen renal transplant recipients who were known serum carriers of HAA. Three 24‐hour urine collections were obtained from twelve of the patients and two from one. All unconcentrated urine specimens examined were HAA negative. After 500‐fold concentration HAA could be demonstrated in the urinary samples obtained from four of the patients. HAA urinary excretion was not related to any of the kidney or liver parameters studied. Antigenuria could not be explained by increased glomerular permeability suggesting that HAA may propagate in the renal parenchyma and/or in the urinary tr

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Regression lines and their equations have been prepared for Neo‐Sensitabs® containing 26 different antimicrobials, using two different agar media and three different methods: usual without pre‐diffusion, 1 hour pre‐difusion and 1 + 20‐hour pre‐diffusion. The numerical value of the slope of a regression line indicates in mm the mean change in zone diameter for a 2‐fold change in MIC. The numerical value of the slope is increased when pre‐diffusion methods are employed, reaching its maximum with 1 + 20‐hour pre‐diffusion method. When comparing two agar media: Mueller Hinton and Danish Blood Agar, the difference between the slopes of the regression lines will be only slight if the same antimicrobial and the same method are used. There is a linear correlation between on a logarithmic scale the molecular weight of the antimicrobials contained in tablets or discs and, on a linear scale, the slope of the regression line pertaining to t

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The A antigen in Marek's Disease Virus infected cell cultures was found to be stable at 37° C or lower for long periods, to be rapidly inactivated at temperatures at 75° C to 100° C, unaffected by ether or chloroform, tolerate pH 1.7 for 4 1/2 hours, but is inactivated by pH 12.1 in 4 1/2 hours. Trypsin inactivates the antigen activity in 40–60 minutes at 37° C and it remains in the supernatant after centrifugation at 100,000 × G for 120 minutes. A antigen preparations were found inhibitory to the replication of MDV in cell cultures and to VSV plaque formation in CK cultures, but not in L cells. The possibility that the A antigen is an interferon ‐associated protein is d

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The leukolytic activity of haemolytic culture filtrates ofAcinetobacter calcoaceticushas been investigated by a vital dye technique and by electrophoresis, employing mouse thymocytes. The leukolytic and haemolytic (phospholipase C) activities showed the same characteristic features. Both were activated by Mg2+, inactivated by ethylendiaminetetraacetate and heating, had similar pH‐optima and showed the same electrophoretic mobilitie

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Phospholipase C (phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.3) fromAcinetobacter calcoaceticuswas purified 20‐fold by ultrafiltration and chromatography on DEAE‐Sephadex. The purified enzyme was markedly labile. Mg2+, deoxycholate and albumin enhanced the enzymatic activity against lecithin, while Ca2+, Zn2+and ethylendiaminetetraacetate inhibited the activity. The temperature coefficient (Q10°C) was 1.7 and optimum pH 8.2–8.6. The Michaelis constant was found to be lower than 250μM. At pH 8.3, lecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin were attacked, while at pH 6.3 only lecithin and sphingomyelin were susceptible to hyd

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three different proteolytic enzymes could be identified in supernatants from cultures ofStaphylococcus aureus, strain V8, if grown in a casein hydrolysate‐yeast extract medium (CCYI). One protease was not produced if the yeast extract was omitted from the medium. This protease was inactivated by ethylene‐diamino‐tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA, 5.0 mM at 20° C for 30 min). If calcium ions (final cone. 2.5 mM) were added to the yeast extract‐free medium, the EDTA‐sensitive protease was formed in amounts approaching those obtained in the complete medium. The formation of the EDTA‐stable enzymes was not affected by calcium ions. The two EDTA‐stable activities could be separated by isoelectric focusing, one with a pI of 4.0 and the other with a pI of 9.4. The formation of the EDTA‐stable protease was stimulate

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seemingly paradoxical observations were made with mice exposed to infections with the LCM virus and treatment with X‐rays. The X‐irradiation could afford a beneficial effect upon the cource of the viral infection or cause a serious aggravation. The beneficial effect was associated with X‐ray treatment given prior to the inoculation of virus. This pre‐irradiation effectively prevented an antiviral immune response and protected mice against lethal intracerebral challenges with the virus. However, doses of X‐rays which were sublethal for normal mice provoked a lethal disease when given to mice previously inoculated with the virus. Fatal outcomes were observed with persistent, tolerant virus carriers and with i. p. infected adult mice, that is, in cases of normally inapparent LCM virus infections. The X‐ray induced deaths were apparently not related to any enhanced growth of the virus in the irradiated mice. Clinical findings and reconstitution experiments strongly indicated that the striking increase in the sensitivity to X‐rays was caused by a haemopoietic defect in the LCM virus infected mice. The nature of this haemopoietic disorder is not readily explained. Thus several observations made it unlikely that the LCM virus had any direct damaging effect upon the haemopoietic cells. Moreover, the findings with the persistent, tolerant virus carriers provided evidence against any immunopathological basis of

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.0365-5563.1973.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY