摘要:

AbstractAn attempt is made to sketch the structure of a science, in the sense of an ordered body of knowledge, of interpersonal relationships. The special properties of relationships are discussed. Relationships exist over time, involve properties beyond those of the constituent interactions, include both behavior and subjective experience, and exist in a social context. It is suggested that a science of human relationships will require three overlapping phases: (1) Description, listing 10 categories of dimensions potentially useful for ordering the data; (2) Principles of dynamics, which may concern external influences on the dyad, interchanges between the participants, or intrapsychic processes; and (3) The specification of the limits of applicability of those principles. In general, a balance must be found between the search for generalisations and recognition of the complexity of human relationships.

ISSN:1350-4126    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe examined several aspects of attachment in marriage, including the association among attachment style, mental models of the spouse, satisfaction, affect regulation within the marriage, the stability of attachment style, and its operationalization. Fifty‐three married couples completed initial assessments, and 44 participated in a 24‐month follow‐up. Attachment style was related to positive and negative affect immediately preceding a potentially stressful event and to the mental model of the spouse. Approximately 35% of the subjects changed their attachment style rating over a 2‐year period; later attachment style was related to changes in mental models of the spouse. Categorical and dimensional measures of attachment style did not yield equivalent results. The implications of these findings for future research are di

ISSN:1350-4126    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis research examined the relationship between adult attachment styles and mothers' feelings of closeness to their children, mothers' interaction styles in a teaching situation, individual differences in the desire to have children, and the concerns individuals have about their ability to relate to young children as parents. Investigation 1 revealed that more avoidant mothers did not feel as close to their preschool children as did more secure mothers, and they behaved less supportively toward their children during a laboratory teaching task. Anxious‐ambivalence was also associated with feelings of less closeness, but the level of closeness achieved depended on marital quality. Investigation 2 showed that more avoidant college men and women, compared to secure ones, were more uncertain about their capacity to relate to young children and about whether they wanted to have children. Highly ambivalent men and women reported being more uncertain about their capacity to function well as parents, but ambivalence was not related to the strength of the desire to have children. These findings are discussed in the context of attachment theor

ISSN:1350-4126    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne's attitudes toward love and sexuality are influenced by many factors, including gender. To explore the role of gender (and other variables) in participants' attitudinal orientations toward love and sexuality, data were collected in the United States at three time points (1988, 1992, 1993), resulting in a total sample of 1,090 participants. Data analyses showed gender differences in both sexual attitudes and love. Men were more sexually permissive than women (consistent with previous research), although women and men similarly endorsed other aspects of sexuality, including sex as an emotional experience. Men and women differed on several relationship variables (e.g., women were more oriented to friendship‐based love, and men to game‐playing love). However, correlational analyses showed many similar patterns for women and men. These findings underline the need to consider both gender differences and similarities in sex and love within intimate relationsh

ISSN:1350-4126    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRelationship researchers regularly gather data from both members of the dyad, and these two scores are likely to be correlated. This nonindependence of observations can biaspvalues in significance testing if person is the unit in the statistical analysis. A method for determining how much bias results from dyadic interdependence is presented. Correction factors based on the degree of interdependence, design type, and the number of dyads are used to adjust theFstatistic and its degrees of freedom to produce a correctedpvalue. Bias depends on the type of design and the degree of nonindependence, while the number of dyads in the study ordinarily has only a small effect on bias. Various strategies for controlling for nonindependence are briefly reviewed.

ISSN:1350-4126    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY