摘要:

Simonsen, M. Allo‐aggression in chicken. Serological identification of the major genetic locus. Acta path, microbiol. scand. Sect. C, 83: 1–14, 1975.The B‐group is the conventional name for the major histocompatibility system (MHS) of the chicken and was first described as a blood group locus. It actually comprises an unknown number of linked loci, at least one of which (AA) governs allo‐aggression as manifested, and studied here by the GVH reaction. The gene product(s) of the AA locus would appear to be expressed not only in T cells but also for example in the nucleated erythrocytes, which fact would then in principle permit their detection by haemagglutination. In practice such detection requires that a number of other haemagglutinating antibodies, directed against other antigens of the same B haplotype be first removed, because the unabsorbed antiserum against one given haplotype seems to agglutinate the RBC of almost any unrelated chicken in the world. A strategy is described which allows a planned absorption of the irrelevant specificities from sera against entire haplotypes; hence lead to successful typing for the AA locus. Some observations suggest an extreme degree of linkage disequilibrium in White Leghorns with respect to the genes determining the Bl haplotype, which appears to be a common haplotype in that particul

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Helgeland, S. M., Nsess, R. R.&Grov, A. Delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcal protein A detected by leucocyte migration inhibition. Acta path, microbiol. scand. Sect. C,83:15–18, 1975.Delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcal protein A was indicated by the migration inhibition reaction (MIR), using peritoneal cells from protein A sensitized guinea pigs. No cross‐reactivity between protein A, polysaccharide A and peptidoglycan was found. Peptidoglycan fromStaphylococcus aureusstrain Cowan 1 inhibited almost completely the migration of cells from both sensitized and unsensitized ce

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 115 Paul‐Bunnell‐positive and 40 Paul‐Bunnell‐negative sera were studied for smooth‐muscle antibodies (SMA) and some other tissue antibodies by means of the indirect immunofluorescent method. SMA were found in 56 per cent of the Paul‐Bunnell‐positive sera and in 23 per cent of the negative sera (0.001>p). The SMA were mainly of the IgM class, but antibodies of the IgG and the IgA class were also demonstrated. SMA of the IgM class were found most frequently in sera with Paul‐Bunnell antibodies in high titres. This relationship could not be demonstrated for SMA of the IgG or the IgA class. In a few persons, two or three serum samples were obtained, and it was found that the IgM‐SMA disappeared within a few weeks, while the Paul‐Bunnell antibody titre remained virtually unchanged. All SMA‐positive sera reacted with rat gastric smooth‐muscle fibres and rat renal vessel walls in the same or approximately the same titres. In addition, some of the positive sera also reacted with rat renal glomeruli, which suggests that antibodies with different specificity may occur. Tissue antibodies other than SMA were rare, occurring with the same frequency in the Paul‐Bunnell

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is shown that some selected streptococci are agglutinable by soluble antigen‐rabbit antibody complexes owing to the interaction between the streptococci and immunoglobulins, irrespective of the antibody combining sites. Increased agglutination titer of rabbit anti‐egg albumin serum for the streptococci was obtained by addition of egg albumin, but not bovine or human albumin. The agglutination of the streptococci was diminished by addition of preimmune serum or by trypsin treatment of the streptococci; trypsin treatment diminishes the capacity of the streptococci to take up125′I labelled IgG myeloma protein. The effect of variation of the egg albumin concentration and the effect of the ratio between antibody N and egg albumin N was shown. The possible mechanism of the agglutination of the streptococci by immune complexes is sugg

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01605.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The radial diffusion mixed haemadsorption test was found to be a convenient, specific, sensitive and reproducible procedure by which to demonstrate the presence of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavallin A (Con A) on the surface of monolayer cultures. When 100–500 μg/ml of PHA or Con A was included in the culture medium for 24 hours, an easily demonstrable concentration of the lectin was attached to the culture and remained so for at least 60 days. The heterogenicity of the commercial PHA preparations used was reflected by the fact that only the homologous antiserum gave filled haemadsorption zones with Difco PHA. An anti Wellcome PHA gave ring‐ or target zones with both the homologous and the Difco PHA. Also the anti‐Difco PHA serum gave ring‐ or target zones with the Wellcome PHA. The ring zone effect obtained with Wellcome PHA, therefore, depended on the properties of this antigen and most probably on the fact that the Wellcome preparation was more homogenous and therefore contained less antigenic specificities than the Difco pre

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01606.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immune responsiveness toMycobacterium lepraewas studied in various groups of healthy humans. Contacts of leprosy patients responded significanctly more than non‐contacts by the methods of leucocyte migration inhibition, lymphocyte transformation and early and late lepromin testing. By classifying responses of strengths found in non‐contacts as negative, 71.2 per cent of medical attendants, the main category of contacts, were responders by the leucocyte migration inhibition test, 44.2 per cent by the lymphocyte transformation assay and 50.0 per cent by the early lepromin reaction. On the other hand, no degree ot the late lepromin reaction was found solely inM. leprae‐exposed people. While the assays of leucocyte migration inhibition, lymphocyte transformation and early lepromin testing thus may be considered useful for detection of healthy individuals exposed toM. leprae, the late lepromin reaction appears unsuitable as a measure of exposure. Besides the association of negative responses by leucocyte migration inhibition, lymphocyte transformation and early lepromin tests, there was in the group of non‐contacts a significant quantitative correlation between early and late lepromin reactions. In the group of medical attendants significant correlations were observed between the results of all tests e

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01607.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A recently developed method for demonstration of antigen‐dependant migration inhibition, the agarose plate technique, and skin tests were used to demonstrate delayed hypersensitivity towardsMycobacterium tuberculosis and Nocardia farcinicain guinea‐pigs. Peritoneal exudate cells from animals immunized withM. tuberculosis and N. farcinicadisplayed immunologically specific inhibition of migration after stimulation with tuberculin andN. farcinicasensitin, respectively. The slight cross reactivity between the two antigens demonstrated by skin tests was also observed with the agarose technique. Previous skin testing did not influence migration inhibition of peritoneal exudate cells. Migration inhibitory activity of supernatants of tuberculin stimulated lymph node cells from guinea‐pigs which had been immunized withM. tuberculosiswas demonstrated on peritoneal exudate cells from non‐immunized

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01608.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of Chlorpromazine (CPZ), a membrane active drug, on the morphology and function of blood monocytes and lymphocytes culturedin vitro,was studied. The experiments indicate that CPZ exhibits a strong and dose dependent effect on cell membrane functions like cell adhesiveness and phagocytosis of radiolabelled Candida particles. A biphasic effect was found on the attachment of cells at culture start and on the attachment/engulfment of particles in the cultured cells. Low drug concentrations were found to increase adhesiveness while higher concentrations caused cell lysis. Chlorpromazine in lytic concentrations decreased the intracellular digestion of Candida particles. Small drug concentrations did not appear to influence the digestion of particles as observed morphologically, but a decreased release of metabolized125Todine to the medium was found, suggesting a stabilization of the cell membrane, with reduced transfer of the digested material to the medium.

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01609.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of Azathioprine (AZP), an immunosuppressive drug, on the function of blood monocytes and lymphocytes cultured in vitro, was studied. An attempt was made to correlate the effect of the drug on various functions of mononuclear phagocytes with the effect on the rosette forming ability of lymphocytes. The experiments indicate that AZP in concentrations below the level of cytotoxicity suppressed the rosette forming ability of lymphocytes as well as the digestive capacity of macrophages.

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01610.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immune spleen cells or activated thymus cells were incubated with appropriate51Cr‐labelled target fibroblasts. The interaction of lymphoid cells and target cells was stopped by fixation in formalin vapour. Target cell lysis was evaluated by the release of51Cr and the cultures were stained for acid phosphatase activity by the simultaneous capture technique, using naph‐thol AS‐BI phosphoric acid and Fast red‐violet LB salt. The sensitized lymphoid cells aggregated around cultured donor‐type fibroblasts within a 4‐hour incubation period and staining for acid phosphatase activity appeared in the lymphocytes. The reaction was immuno‐logically specific, as staining was observed only in the immune spleen cells or activated thy‐mocytes incubated with target cells possessing the allo‐antigens to which the cell donor was sensitized. Specific adsorption on fibroblast monolayers syngeneic, but not allogeneic, to the H‐2 allo‐antigens against which the thymus cells were activated, reduced both the specific release of51Cr from labelled target cells and the number of thymus cells staining for acid phosphatase activity. Acid phosphatase staining and cytolytic activity were reduced in lymphocyte‐target cell cultures incubated in the presence of prednisolone or heparin. A significant correlation was found between target cell lysis and number of acid phosphatase‐positive spleen cells in relation to time of interaction and lymp

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01611.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY