摘要:

VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE. llG3 Chemistry of Vegetable Physiology and Agriculture. Bark of Sambucus Canadensis. By C. G. TRAUB (Phavrn. J. Tyarw. [3], 12, 186).-The air-dried drug contained 13 per cent. water and 8.5 per cent. ash. It contained valeric acid, volatile oil, fat (soluble in ether and chloroform, and saponifiable by potash), resin,1164 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. tannin, sugar, and colouring matter, together with several other compounds, the nature of which was not determined. Analysis of Buckwheat. By G. LECHARTIER (Compt. Tend., 93, 409-412) .-On account of the discordant analyses of buckwheat, tho author has analysed the straw and grain of samples of buckwheat in the years 1879 and 1880, taken from the commune of Cisson. The rat,io of the weight of straw to grain was 0.920 in 1879, and 1.585 in 1880.C. H. B. Ashes of Buckzoheat. Potash ............ Soda .............. Lime ............ Magnesia.. ........ Oxide of iron ...... Phosphoric acid.. .. Silica ............ Sulphuric acid .... Chlorine .......... Straw. f--- -3 1879. 1880. 22.57 44.01 2.12 1.71 34-94 21.66 16.22 7.49 1-79 1-66 3.3.2 8-29 4.82 0.61 3.76 2-51 10.44 12.06 Brain. r--A-- 7 1879. 1880. 28.40 25-73 4-17 0.77 6-33 10.17 18.10 15.06 0.73 0.30 3 8 . ~ 5 43.47 traces 0.29 3.54 3.93 0.67 0.63 Of these analyses the author observes that the differences between the composition of the straw and grain are similar to those in wheat. On comparing the results of the two years, it is found that the ashes of the straw contained more potash, phosphoric acid, and chlorine in 1880 than in 1879 ; the ashes of the grain present slighter differences.In 18i9 the weight of the straw was less than the grain, whilst the reverse was the case in 1880. These facts are in accordance with the method of vegetation of buckwheat, which differs considerably from other cereals, f o r the panicles of the flower grow at the axis of the leaves before the plant has reached its mean height ; it continues to throw out branches covered with flowers while the grain is ripen- ing. Analysis (partsper 1,000) of Straw and Gmin. Ash .............. Potash .......... Soda ............ Nitrogen .......... Lime ............ Magnesia. ......... Oxide of iron ...... Phosphoric acid.. .. Silica ............ Sulphuric acid .... Chlorine .......... Dried Straw.TL-- 7 1879. 1880. (32.54 77.43 8.90 12.29 14-08 33-95 1-32 1.32 2-2-37 16.99 10.11 5-78 1.11 1.28 2.07 6-39 3.01 0.47 2.35 1-94 6-40 9-32 Dried Brain. r--h I 1879. 1880. 18.55 23.50 19.13 23.17 5.06 6-15 0*?8 0.18 1.12 2.39 3.22 3-54 0.12 0.07 6.79 10.22 nil 0.07 0.63 0.92 0.12 0.15VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY hlil) AGRICULTURE. 1165 The composition of the grain varies but little, but the quantities of mineral constituents of the straw, especially phosphoric acid, chlorine, and potash, increase relatively with its weight. The quantities of fertilising principles abstracted from the soil is very considerable, even greater than in the case of wheat for the same weight of grain. V. H. V. Analyses of Fodder. By G. FASSBERDER (Lmdw. Vers?dLs.-Stat., 27, 123-131 ).-The albumin was determined by Stutzer's method of precipitation with cupric hydroxide ; this reagent is most conveniently kept in glycerol when not required. The amount of digestible nitrogen was estimated by exhausting with a liquid obtained by soaking pig's stomach in dilute hydrochloric acid.The results are given in the following table :- In per cent. of total N. 7-- 7 Yrecipitated by CuH202. h Total N Not precipitated r--h--- -7 p. c. by CuH202. Digestible. Indigestible. Rye bread.. . . . . 1.915 10.18 75.62 14-20 White do. . . . . . . 1.67 2.51 93-18 4-31 Blood meal . . . . '7.037 1.18 83.48 15.34 Cocoa-nut cake.. 2.585 - 78.34 21.66 Ground-nut do. . 8,505 453 92.40 3.07 Lupines.. .. .. .. 6.76 14-13 83.83 2.04 Malt combings . . 2.856 21.92 G1.65 16.56 Meadow hay.. .. 1.605 21.67 43.66 34.6 7 Swedes .. .. .. .. 2.57 63.42 26-00 10.58 Absorption of Salts by the Soil. - - - Egg albumiu. . . . - J. K. C. By C. F. A. TUXEN (Landw. Versuchs.-Stat., 27, 107--113).--The object of this investigation was to ascertain what influence sodium nitrate and chloride and potassium chloride have on the absorption by the soil of potash, ammonia, and phosphoric acid. Two kinds of soil were employed, one sandy and containing 92.5 per cent. of silica and 6.8 per cent. of bases, and the other of a clayey nature, and containing 88.1 per cent. silica and 15.8 per cent. bases. For each experiment 100 grams of the sifted and dried earth were mixed with 100 grams fine sand, and the whole shaken into a glass tube fitted at the lower end with a stopcock. The height of the mixture in the tube was 22 cm.A salt solution of a given strength, containing an ammonium or potassium salt or a phosphate, was then allowed to trickle slowly through the earth €or 48 hours. Some of the solutions were mixed with sodium nitrate or chloride, or potassium chloride, in order to ascertain their influence on the absorption of the other salts. The amount of ammonia, potash, or phosphoric acid, was estimated in the first 100 C.C. of the solution which passed through. The original soliitions were of the following strengths :-ammonia, 100 C.C. nitrogen at 0", and 760 mm. in 100 C.C. solution; potash, 0.47 gram in 100 C.C. ; phosphoric acid, 100 C.C. contained 0.355 gram. The quantities of other salts mixed with 100 C.C.of these solutions were sodium nitmte, 0.8301166 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. gram ; sodium chloride, 0.585 gram ; and potassium chloride, 0.745 gram. The following table shows the percentages of ammonia, potash, and phosphoric acid absorbed :- Ammonia absorbed. r / L p -3 Solution. Sand. Clay. Ammonia alone.. ................ 27.2 89.0 ,, with sodium nitrate .... 24.6 84.5 ,, chloride. ... 25.9 83.0 7 7 ,, potassium chloride , 16.4 57.0 7, 9 , Potash absorbed. r--L- -7 Sand. Clay. Potash alone.. .................. 23.4 83.2 ?, with sodium nitrate ...... 20.0 67.2 9 9 7 7 ,, chloride ...... 19.1 7 *44 Sand. Clay. Phosphate alone ................ 26.8 71.6 ,, with sodium nitrate.. .. 30.8 80.0 7 , 9 , ,, chloride . . 30.8 80.0 ,, ,, potassium chloride 35.2 86.0 Phosphoric acid absorbed, -7 r-h- From the above table it will be seen that there is a great difference in the absorptive powers of the two$ soils, also that the absorptive power for ammonia is lessened by potash; i n sand to the extent of 40 per cent., and in clay by 36 per cent., and by soda only 8 and 6 per cent.respectively. Soda lowers the absorption of potash also 15 per cent. in each soil. On the other hand, phosphoric acid is more readily taken u p in the presence of alkalis, more especially of potas- sium salts. The mixing of phosphate manures with potassium salts is therefore to be recommended. The question next arose as to whether solutions of sodium nitrate or chloride had it greater solvent power on the combined potas- sium and phosphate in soil than pure water.100 grams of the clay soil were shaken for two days with 200 C.C. of the liquids in question. The quantities of substances dissolved may be seen from the table annexed :- Water. Sol. NaN03. Sol. NaC1. Lime.. .......... 0.019 0.094 0.109 Potasli .......... 0.001 0-003 0.007 Phosphoric acid . . 0.002 0.006 0.003 Magnesia ........ 0.003 0-008 0.022 Solutions of sodium salts have therefore st much greater solvent power than pure water. J. K. C. Grandeau’s Theory of the Fertility of a Soil. By C. P. A. TUXEN (Landw. Versuchs-Stat., 27, 114--12L).-An attempt was made to ascertain the worth of this theory by its application to soils ofVEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY AND AGRlCULTURE. 1167 known fertility. Soils 1, '2 and 3 came from a field near Copen- hagen, and contained 26.5 per cent.clay and the rest sand. No. 1 was in a high state of cultivation, having been manured well with dung and artificial manures since 1863 : average yield of last 5 years, twenty times the seed. No. 2 had received no manure for 21 years, and for the last 1 7 years had been sown with barley : average produce of last 5 years three times the seed. No. 3 had for 17 years been manured only with artificial manures, and had received no stable dung: average crop of last 5 years nineteen times the seed. No. 4 consisted of decayed leaves mixed with an equal quantity of fertile soil, and contained 10.64 per cent. hunius. No. 5 was Nile slime, taken from the neighbourhood o€ Cairo, and very fertile. The amount of soil dissolved by hydrochloric acid in setting free the mntihre noire of Grandeau is given below in grams per hundred of the sample:- No.1. No. 2. No. 5. } .... 0.438 0.1 70 4.192 Ferric oxide Alumina Lime.. .......... 0.532 0.110 1.653 Po h s h .......... 0.01 0 0.003 0.091 1.043 0.303 6.136 - Magnesia ........ 0.005 0.007 Phosphoric acid . . 0.058 0.01.3 0.200 The dilute acid therefore dissolves a large quantity of the nutritive material. Determinations of the matiere noire, tmd the organic matter, ash, and phosphoric acid contained therein, were then made in the different soils, i n order to test the value of Grandeau's theory as an indicator of fertility. The mean results are given in the table below in grams per 100 of earth. No. 1. No. 2. NO. 3. No. 4. No. 5. Matiere noire ....1.68 1.62 1.55 2.23 2.64 Loss on ignition . . 1.33 1-07 1.07 1-85 1.23 Ash ............ 0.35 0.55 0.48 0.38 1.41 Phosphoric acid . . 0.098 0.076 0.09 0.12 0.08.5 The difference in fertility between the soils 1 and 2 cannot therefore be ascertained by simply estimating the amount of matiere noire, nor does this give any indication of the relative value of the other soils. Experiments were made to find if there was any difference in the diffusive power through vegetable membranes in the different kinds of black substance, but none was observed. T.n the case of these five sorts of soil therefore, the results given by the use of Grandeau's method did not agree with those obtained by practical experience. J. K. C. Manuring Experiments with various Phosphates. By KROCKER and H.GRAHL (Landw. Versuchs-Stat., 27, 151--160).-l'he phosphates used were in the form of retrograde, precipitated, and soluble phosphoric acid, and bone-meal. They were employed in quantities in the proportion of 50 kilofi. phosphoric acid per hectare.1.168 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. The land consinted of a heavy clay soil, well drained, and was sown with oats, beetroot, and potatoes ; the phosphates were applied both by themselves and mixed with ammonium snlphate to the extent. of 200 kilos. per hectare, and one plot was left unrnanured: good crops of oats were produced, but no increase of yield was obtained by the use of phosphates alone, except in the case of bone-meal, which contained 4 per cent. of nitrogen. Where ammonium sulphate was mixed with the manure, a considerable increase was observed, especially in the case of the precipitated phosphate and bone-meal.Similar differences were observed in the beet, but not to so large an extent, and here the soluble phosphate produced larger yields than the other kinds when given by itself, or in conjunction with ammonium sulphate, although it proved inferior to bone-meal in the first case. The highest percentages of sugar were obtained from the plots manured with sulphate alone and with retrograde phosphate, and from the un- manured plot. J. K. C.VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE. llG3Chemistry of Vegetable Physiology and Agriculture.Bark of Sambucus Canadensis. By C. G. TRAUB (Phavrn. J.Tyarw. [3], 12, 186).-The air-dried drug contained 13 per cent.waterand 8.5 per cent. ash. It contained valeric acid, volatile oil, fat(soluble in ether and chloroform, and saponifiable by potash), resin1164 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.tannin, sugar, and colouring matter, together with several othercompounds, the nature of which was not determined.Analysis of Buckwheat. By G. LECHARTIER (Compt. Tend., 93,409-412) .-On account of the discordant analyses of buckwheat, thoauthor has analysed the straw and grain of samples of buckwheat inthe years 1879 and 1880, taken from the commune of Cisson.The rat,io of the weight of straw to grain was 0.920 in 1879, and1.585 in 1880.C. H. B.Ashes of Buckzoheat.Potash ............Soda ..............Lime ............Magnesia.. ........Oxide of iron ......Phosphoric acid....Silica ............Sulphuric acid ....Chlorine ..........Straw.f--- -31879. 1880.22.57 44.012.12 1.7134-94 21.6616.22 7.491-79 1-663.3.2 8-294.82 0.613.76 2-5110.44 12.06Brain.r--A-- 71879. 1880.28.40 25-734-17 0.776-33 10.1718.10 15.060.73 0.303 8 . ~ 5 43.47traces 0.293.54 3.930.67 0.63Of these analyses the author observes that the differences betweenthe composition of the straw and grain are similar to those in wheat.On comparing the results of the two years, it is found that the ashesof the straw contained more potash, phosphoric acid, and chlorine in1880 than in 1879 ; the ashes of the grain present slighter differences.In 18i9 the weight of the straw was less than the grain, whilst thereverse was the case in 1880.These facts are in accordance with themethod of vegetation of buckwheat, which differs considerably fromother cereals, f o r the panicles of the flower grow at the axis of theleaves before the plant has reached its mean height ; it continues tothrow out branches covered with flowers while the grain is ripen-ing.Analysis (partsper 1,000) of Straw and Gmin.Ash ..............Potash ..........Soda ............Nitrogen ..........Lime ............Magnesia. .........Oxide of iron ......Phosphoric acid.. ..Silica ............Sulphuric acid ....Chlorine ..........Dried Straw.TL-- 71879. 1880.(32.54 77.438.90 12.2914-08 33-951-32 1.322-2-37 16.9910.11 5-781.11 1.282.07 6-393.01 0.472.35 1-946-40 9-32Dried Brain.r--h I1879.1880.18.55 23.5019.13 23.175.06 6-150*?8 0.181.12 2.393.22 3-540.12 0.076.79 10.22nil 0.070.63 0.920.12 0.1VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY hlil) AGRICULTURE. 1165The composition of the grain varies but little, but the quantities ofmineral constituents of the straw, especially phosphoric acid, chlorine,and potash, increase relatively with its weight. The quantities offertilising principles abstracted from the soil is very considerable, evengreater than in the case of wheat for the same weight of grain.V. H. V.Analyses of Fodder. By G. FASSBERDER (Lmdw. Vers?dLs.-Stat.,27, 123-131 ).-The albumin was determined by Stutzer's method ofprecipitation with cupric hydroxide ; this reagent is most convenientlykept in glycerol when not required.The amount of digestible nitrogenwas estimated by exhausting with a liquid obtained by soaking pig'sstomach in dilute hydrochloric acid. The results are given in thefollowing table :-In per cent. of total N.7-- 7Yrecipitated by CuH202.hTotal N Not precipitated r--h--- -7p. c. by CuH202. Digestible. Indigestible.Rye bread.. . . . . 1.915 10.18 75.62 14-20White do. . . . . . . 1.67 2.51 93-18 4-31Blood meal . . . . '7.037 1.18 83.48 15.34Cocoa-nut cake.. 2.585 - 78.34 21.66Ground-nut do. . 8,505 453 92.40 3.07Lupines.. .. .. .. 6.76 14-13 83.83 2.04Malt combings . . 2.856 21.92 G1.65 16.56Meadow hay.. . . 1.605 21.67 43.66 34.6 7Swedes .. .. .. ..2.57 63.42 26-00 10.58Absorption of Salts by the Soil.- - - Egg albumiu. . . . -J. K. C.By C. F. A. TUXEN (Landw.Versuchs.-Stat., 27, 107--113).--The object of this investigation wasto ascertain what influence sodium nitrate and chloride and potassiumchloride have on the absorption by the soil of potash, ammonia, andphosphoric acid. Two kinds of soil were employed, one sandy andcontaining 92.5 per cent. of silica and 6.8 per cent. of bases, and theother of a clayey nature, and containing 88.1 per cent. silica and 15.8per cent. bases. For each experiment 100 grams of the sifted anddried earth were mixed with 100 grams fine sand, and the wholeshaken into a glass tube fitted at the lower end with a stopcock.The height of the mixture in the tube was 22 cm.A salt solution ofa given strength, containing an ammonium or potassium salt or aphosphate, was then allowed to trickle slowly through the earth €or48 hours. Some of the solutions were mixed with sodium nitrate orchloride, or potassium chloride, in order to ascertain their influenceon the absorption of the other salts. The amount of ammonia,potash, or phosphoric acid, was estimated in the first 100 C.C. of thesolution which passed through. The original soliitions were of thefollowing strengths :-ammonia, 100 C.C. nitrogen at 0", and 760mm. in 100 C.C. solution; potash, 0.47 gram in 100 C.C. ; phosphoricacid, 100 C.C. contained 0.355 gram. The quantities of other saltsmixed with 100 C.C. of these solutions were sodium nitmte, 0.831166 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.gram ; sodium chloride, 0.585 gram ; and potassium chloride, 0.745gram.The following table shows the percentages of ammonia, potash,and phosphoric acid absorbed :-Ammonia absorbed.r / L p -3 Solution. Sand. Clay.Ammonia alone.. ................ 27.2 89.0,, with sodium nitrate .... 24.6 84.5,, chloride. ... 25.9 83.07 7 ,, potassium chloride , 16.4 57.0 7, 9 ,Potash absorbed.r--L- -7Sand. Clay.Potash alone.. .................. 23.4 83.2?, with sodium nitrate ...... 20.0 67.29 9 7 7 ,, chloride ...... 19.1 7 *44Sand. Clay.Phosphate alone ................ 26.8 71.6,, with sodium nitrate.. .. 30.8 80.07 , 9 , ,, chloride . . 30.8 80.0,, ,, potassium chloride 35.2 86.0Phosphoric acid absorbed,-7 r-h-From the above table it will be seen that there is a great differencein the absorptive powers of the two$ soils, also that the absorptivepower for ammonia is lessened by potash; i n sand to the extent of40 per cent., and in clay by 36 per cent., and by soda only 8 and 6 percent. respectively.Soda lowers the absorption of potash also 15 percent. in each soil. On the other hand, phosphoric acid is morereadily taken u p in the presence of alkalis, more especially of potas-sium salts. The mixing of phosphate manures with potassium saltsis therefore to be recommended.The question next arose as to whether solutions of sodium nitrateor chloride had it greater solvent power on the combined potas-sium and phosphate in soil than pure water.100 grams of the claysoil were shaken for two days with 200 C.C. of the liquids in question.The quantities of substances dissolved may be seen from the tableannexed :-Water. Sol. NaN03. Sol. NaC1.Lime.. .......... 0.019 0.094 0.109Potasli .......... 0.001 0-003 0.007Phosphoric acid . . 0.002 0.006 0.003Magnesia ........ 0.003 0-008 0.022Solutions of sodium salts have therefore st much greater solventpower than pure water. J. K. C.Grandeau’s Theory of the Fertility of a Soil. By C. P. A.TUXEN (Landw. Versuchs-Stat., 27, 114--12L).-An attempt was madeto ascertain the worth of this theory by its application to soils oVEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY AND AGRlCULTURE. 1167known fertility. Soils 1, '2 and 3 came from a field near Copen-hagen, and contained 26.5 per cent.clay and the rest sand. No. 1was in a high state of cultivation, having been manured well withdung and artificial manures since 1863 : average yield of last 5 years,twenty times the seed. No. 2 had received no manure for 21 years,and for the last 1 7 years had been sown with barley : average produce oflast 5 years three times the seed. No. 3 had for 17 years been manuredonly with artificial manures, and had received no stable dung:average crop of last 5 years nineteen times the seed. No. 4 consistedof decayed leaves mixed with an equal quantity of fertile soil, andcontained 10.64 per cent. hunius. No. 5 was Nile slime, taken fromthe neighbourhood o€ Cairo, and very fertile.The amount of soil dissolved by hydrochloric acid in setting freethe mntihre noire of Grandeau is given below in grams per hundred ofthe sample:-No.1. No. 2. No. 5. } .... 0.438 0.1 70 4.192 Ferric oxideAluminaLime.. .......... 0.532 0.110 1.653Po h s h .......... 0.01 0 0.003 0.0911.043 0.303 6.136- Magnesia ........ 0.005 0.007Phosphoric acid . . 0.058 0.01.3 0.200The dilute acid therefore dissolves a large quantity of the nutritivematerial. Determinations of the matiere noire, tmd the organicmatter, ash, and phosphoric acid contained therein, were then madein the different soils, i n order to test the value of Grandeau's theoryas an indicator of fertility. The mean results are given in the tablebelow in grams per 100 of earth.No. 1. No. 2. NO. 3. No. 4. No. 5.Matiere noire ....1.68 1.62 1.55 2.23 2.64Loss on ignition . . 1.33 1-07 1.07 1-85 1.23Ash ............ 0.35 0.55 0.48 0.38 1.41Phosphoric acid . . 0.098 0.076 0.09 0.12 0.08.5The difference in fertility between the soils 1 and 2 cannot thereforebe ascertained by simply estimating the amount of matiere noire, nordoes this give any indication of the relative value of the other soils.Experiments were made to find if there was any difference in thediffusive power through vegetable membranes in the different kinds ofblack substance, but none was observed. T.n the case of these fivesorts of soil therefore, the results given by the use of Grandeau'smethod did not agree with those obtained by practical experience.J. K. C.Manuring Experiments with various Phosphates. ByKROCKER and H. GRAHL (Landw. Versuchs-Stat., 27, 151--160).-l'hephosphates used were in the form of retrograde, precipitated, andsoluble phosphoric acid, and bone-meal. They were employed inquantities in the proportion of 50 kilofi. phosphoric acid per hectare1.168 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.The land consinted of a heavy clay soil, well drained, and was sownwith oats, beetroot, and potatoes ; the phosphates were applied bothby themselves and mixed with ammonium snlphate to the extent. of200 kilos. per hectare, and one plot was left unrnanured: good cropsof oats were produced, but no increase of yield was obtained by the useof phosphates alone, except in the case of bone-meal, which contained4 per cent. of nitrogen. Where ammonium sulphate was mixed withthe manure, a considerable increase was observed, especially in thecase of the precipitated phosphate and bone-meal. Similar differenceswere observed in the beet, but not to so large an extent, and herethe soluble phosphate produced larger yields than the other kindswhen given by itself, or in conjunction with ammonium sulphate,although it proved inferior to bone-meal in the first case. The highestpercentages of sugar were obtained from the plots manured withsulphate alone and with retrograde phosphate, and from the un-manured plot. J. K. C

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001163

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

1.168 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. A n a l y t i c a l Chemistry. A Solution of Density 3-28 suitable for the Analysis of Minerals. By M. D. KLI:IN (Compt. rend., 9 3 , 3 1 8 4 2 0 ) .-Inasmuch as the densitly of most minerals ranges from 2.2 to 3.3, they can be easily separated from one another by immersion in solutions without chemical action on them. Solutions of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide have partly fulfilled the necessary conditions, but the minute precautions required have prevented the general introduction of this method. Nearly saturated solutions of the cobalt, nickel, and cad- mium borotungstates prepared by the author have sp. gr. about 3.28-3.31. The dark tint of the two former salts renders their solution comparatively useless for the purpose, but the cadmium salt solution being of a very pale yellow colour is very suitable. The author illustrates how, for instance, by this solution a diamond can be distinguished immediately from white sapphire or colourless corundum.In order to prepare this solution, tetrasodic horotunstate (this vol., 224) is converted into barium borodecitungstate (Abstr., 1880, 612), and then decomposed by cadmium sulphate. The solution is eva- pornt,ed on a salt-water bath until a fragment of peridote swims on the surface ; then on cooling orthorhombic crystals of the cadmium salt are deposited. The crystals melt at 75' in their water of crystallisation and retain their mother-liquor, and there is formed a mobile liquid of the required density, 3.6. Estimation of Phosphoric Acid as Magnesium Pyrophos- phate.By F. A. GOOCH (An?. Chent. J., 1, 391-413).-This paper gives the results of a large number of analyses of alkaline phosphates, phosphotungstates, and phosphomolybdates, from which the following conclusions are drawn :- V. H. V.ANALYTTCSL CHEMISTRY. 1169 In determining the phosphoric oxide of aZkaZiine phosphates free from sulphates or other substances likely to contaminate a precipitate, accuracy is most conveniently and surely attained by adding to the somewhat dilute solution of the phospha.te, first ammonia in slight but distinct excess, then an excess of magnesium chloride mixture con- taining free ammonia (made by dissolving 3 parts crystallised magne- sium chloride and 8 parts ammonium chloride in water, adding water containing ammonia till the volume of the solution amounts to 48 parts, then filtering and boiling off the free ammonia,), and after the precipitate has settled, adding a further excess of ammonia till the liquid smells strongly of it.In determining the phosphoric oxide of phosphotungstates, the best results are obtained by adding to the solution containing free ammo- nia, an excess of either of the magnesia mixtures, washing the pre- cipitate with the precipitant, dissolving in hydrochloric acid, diluting if necessary, and reprecipitating with a little dilute ammonia, adding strong ammonia after the precipitate has settled ; or, when working with small amounts, by proceeding as in the case of the phosphates, taking however special care that the solution is distinctly ammoniacal before precipitating, and that no great excess of the precipitant is used.For the determination of phosphoric oxide in phosphomolyb- dates, the method recommended in the case of the phosphates serves very well when the amount, of phosphoric oxide does not exceed about 0.05 gram, but for larger amounts, the mebhod of double precipitation recommended for the phosphotungstates is more accurate. With regard to the time which should be allowed t o pass between precipitating and filtering, the author’s experiments support those of Abesser, Jnni, and Maercker (this Journal, 1874, 387) in pointing to the condition that a precipitate map safely be filtered as soon as it has completely subsided, generally after ten or fifteen minutes. By D. LTNDO (Chem. News, 44, 77, 86, 97, 129).-A moderate excess of platinum chloride solution, containing about 1 gram of platinum in ‘LO c.c., is added to the somewhat dilute solution of alkaline chlorides, the liquid evaporated to dryness on the water-bath, and t,hen heated for two or three minutes.The residue is washed three or four times with alcohol of 98 per cent., then carefully crushed with a glass rod, and again washed repeatedly with alcohol, Gooch’s method of filtra- tion (Chem. News, 37, 181) being employed. The platinochloride mas dried a t 130”. The results obtained were very accurate, even in presence of 50 per cent. sodium chloride. The double salt is not hygrcscopic, and there is no need to place the crucible in a desiccator whilst cooling. When using Tatlock’s method, the author finds that the platinum tetrachloride solution employed for the first washing dissolves a small quantity of the double salt, and consequently the results obtained are somewhat too low.Even in presence of excess of platinum chloride, it would appear that sodium chloride is not entirely converted into the double salt or, more probably, that rever- sion takes place either during evaporation or on adding the alcohol. Pi*olonged heating of the residue on the water-bath promotes rever- H. W. Estimation of Potassium as Platinochloride.1170 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. sion, which may be prevented by employing a moderate excess of platinum chloride, and taking care not to heat t,he platinochlorides too long after they have become dry. Direct experiments showed that potassium platinochloride is practically insoluble in absolute or very strong alcohol; when the platinochloride is in the form of scales, alcohol of 80 per cent.dissolves a small quantity ; when in the form of powder, alcohol of 83 per cent. dissolves a quantity sufficient to sensibly affect the results. The author finds that potassium platino- chloride is very slightly soluble in a half saturated solution of ammo- nium chloride, and proposes to use a solution of the latter to wash out any magnesium and sodium sulphates, &c., with which the platinochloride may be mixed. The double salt is first thoroughly washed with alcohol, then with an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, and finally with alcohol. If accurate results are desired, the ammoniui u chloride solution should be saturated wit'h platinochloride before being used.Taking the atomic weight, of platinum as 197.18, the mean of the determinations of potassium chloride was 100 per cent.; taking Seubert's number 194.46, the mean was 100.55 per cent. C. H. B. Electrolytic Estimation of Zinc. By H. REINHARDT and R. IHLE (J. pr. Chem. [2], 24, 193--201).-1t is found that the usual processes for the electrolytic estimation of zinc are all to a certain extent unsatisfactory. The presence of fvee sulphuric acid and am- monium acetate are especially prejudicial t'o the results. The follow- ing modification is therefore proposed : the anode consists of a spiral of strong platinum wire, and the cathode of a cone of platinum sus- pended above the anode, the distance between the two being 5 mm., and the surface of the latter 160 sq.cm. The object of the peculiar form of cathode is to ascertain, by lowering it into the liquid, if the last trace of metal has been removed. The negative electrode is to be previously coppered, and nitric acid may be employed for removal of the deposited zinc, as the copper is not attacked in the cold. The copper coating must be even and clear, otherwise the zinc will be deposited in numerous small loosely attached grains. The zinc is deposited from a solution of the oxalate, and for this purpose the neutral chloride or sulphate solutionis mixed with an excess of potas- sium oxalate until the precipitate produced id redissolved ; the metal is precipitated from this solution a t the negative pole, and may be easily xashed with water.This process works well with alloys. E. W. P. Reduction of Iron Ores by Powdered Zinc. By T. M. BROWN (Chem. Centr., 1881, 75).-An intimate mixtme of 0.3 gram powdered ore with 10 times as much finely pulverised zinc is placed in a porce- lain crucible and covered with an equal weight of powdered zinc. The open crucible is heated for ten minutes over a Bunsen burner to dark redness. On cooling, the whole contents of the crucible are rapidly dissolved in hydrochloric acid out of contact with air, and the iron is determined by potassium permanganate in the usual manner. Bituminous ores must, be roasted before reduction. To prevent the introduction of organic matter from the lamp, a layer of borax isANALYTICAL CHEMXSTRY.1171 placed above the layer of zinc. Powdered zinc is also found to have advantages over granulated zinc and sheet zinc in the reduction of ferric to ferrous solutions. P. L. T. Separation of Cobalt and Nickel from Iron. By T. MOO-~E (Chem. News, 44, 76).-The solution, which should not contain much free acid, is mixed with ammonium sulphate in quantity sufficient to form a double sulphate with the cobalt andnickel present. The solu- tion is then diluted to about 150 c.c., mixed with a large excess of oxalic acid and well stirred. If a precipitate is formed, it must be redissolved by further addition of ammonium sulphate. The clear liquid is mixed with ammonia in slight excess, heated gently for a few minutes, filtered, and washed with water containing ammonia, or the liquid is diluted to a known volume and, after the precipitate has settled, a definite quantity of the clear liquid is drawn off and the nickel determined by electrolysis or otherwise.Separation of Tungsten from Antimony, Arsenic, and Iron, together with the Analysis of a so-called Pseudometeorite. By A. COBENZL (Monatsh. Chem., 1881, 259-265) .-The metallic mass which is the subject of this examination, was found in 1879 at Cista in Bohemia. Externally it exhibits some of the characters of meteoric iron, but as its fall was not actually observed, and as its physical and chemical characters were found on closer examination to differ from those of well authenticated iron meteorites, it has been designated a pseudometeorite. It is brittle, easily pulverisable, and has a fine-grained confusedly crystalline texture, revealed by the shim- mering aspect of its newly fractured surface, whereas meteoric irons are tough and have a hackly fracture.Moreover, the pseudometeorite is porous and has a blistered surface, the character of which is more like that of certain furnace-products than that of meteoric iron. The colour of this metal is violet-grey, differing therefore from the neutral grey of meteoric iron. Qualitative analysis showed that the chief constituents of the pseudometeorite are iron, tungsten, antimony, and arsenic, associated with small quantities of water and insoluble silicates (ferric oxide, alumina, lime, magnesia), carbon, and sulphur ; traces of bismuth and tin were also detected. The quantitative analysis presented pecnliar difficulties in the separation of the first four constituents above mentioned, respecting which no exact statements are to be found in chemical literature.The following method was found by the author to yield satisfactory results. The mineral, very finely pulverised and sifted through linen, was drenched in a flask with strong nitric acid, and heated on a water-bath €or four or five days, with occasional addition of hydro- chloric acid, till nothing was left undissolved but pure yellow tungstic acid. The solution, together with the tungstic acid, was evaporated t o dryness over a water-bath ; the dry dusty residue redissolved in very dilute nitric acid ; the solution again evaporated to dryness, and this treatment three times repeated.The residue was then dissolved in very dilute nitric acid, with addition of a small quantity of tartaric C. H. B. VOL. XL. 4 k1172 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. acid, the solution evaporated a t 100" and filtered, and the separated tungstic acid several times washed by decantation with boiling acidu- lated water, and finally collected on a filter. The solid matter thus separated contained the whole of the tungs- ten, together with silica, and silicates undecomposible by acids, whilst all the other metals, together with lime and alumina, were found in the filtrate. The tungstic acid was treated on the filter with very dilute ammonia, which dissolved it, leaving behind the silica and sili- cates. The ammoniacal solution was evaporated t o dryness in a weighed porcelain crucible, the residue ignited, and the pure straw-yellow turigstic acid thus obtained was weighed.The undissolved silicates were dried, ignited, weighed, and analysed in the usual way by decomposition with a mixture of potassium and sodium carbonate. The filtrate from the tungstic acid was saturated with yellow ammo- nium sulphide, whereby iron sulphide and alumina were precipitated, while arsenic, antimony, and lime remained dissolved. All these con- stituents were separated and estimated by the usual methods. The sulphur, after separation of the tungsten, was weighed as barium sulphate. The carbon was estimated, together with the water, by igniting the powder in a stream of oxygen, and collecting the water and carbonic acid in the usual way. The amount of oxygen was determined by reducing the oxides present in a stream of hydrogen.The results of the analysis were as follows :- Fe. w. Sb. As. Silicates. H20. Al,O,. 56.07 25-39 9.85 5.08 1-55 0.78 0.60 CaO. 0. C. S. 0-37 0.28 0.18 0.053 The percentage composition of the silicates was found to be : SiO,. Al,O,. Fe20,. CaO. 41.2 26.8 18.0 14.0 From the physical and chemical characters above described, it may be inferred almost with certainty that this substance is not an actual iron meteorite, but a furnace-product, such as were often obtained in the early days of the metallurgic preparation of tungsten. The fol- lowing table exhibits a comparison of its chief constituents, and its specific gravity, with those of iron meteorites :- Mean of iron meteorites.Pseudometeorite. Iron.. Iron. ....... 5 6.4 Nickel ...... 3 1 7 Tungsten . . 25.3 Phosphorus.. 0 1 Antimony .. 9.9 Cobalt.. .... 0 2.6 Arsenic .... 0.1 ...... 81 to 98 p. c. Sp. gr.. ..... 6.6 7.9 I n the lump. 8.854 In powder .. 8.8993 H. w. Action of Potassium Permanganate on Potable Waters at Different Temperatures. By G. W. WIGNER and R. H. HARLAND (AnaZyst, 1881, 39).-The experiments of the authors show that theA N AL Y TICAL CHEMISTRY. 1173 amount of oxygen absorbed by potable waters when mixed with potassium permanganate varies considerably with the nature of the water and with the time, and in some cases with the temperature. The nature of the pollution also has a marked effect on the oxygen absorbed, but no general conclusions can be drawn from their results.L. T. 0’s. Estimation of Nitrates in Potable Waters. By J. WEST- KNIGHTS (AmZyst, 1881, 56--58).-The author applies the brucine test for nitric acid to the estimation of nitrates in potable waters, the blood-red colour being permanent if oxalic acid is used instead of sulphuric acid, in applying the test to nitrates. For the purpose are required a potassium nitrate solution containing 0.721 gram per litre (1 C.C. = 0.0001 gram N as NO,), a brucine solution (1 gram in 100 alcohol), a cold saturated solution of oxalic acid, and a standard xed SOZZL- tioiz prepared by evaporating 10 C.C. of the potassium nitrate solution to dryness, and adding 3 C.C. of the brucine solution and 6 drops of oxalic acid solution, evaporating to dryness, dissolving the residue in water, and again evaporating; the residue is dissolved in water and made up to 100 C.C.This solution should have a bright-red colour, and 1 C.C. of it is equal to 0.00001 nitrogen as nitrate. 10 e.c. are evaporated to dryness, and from 0.5 to 2 C.C. of brucine solution added to the residue. The brucine should be just in excess, and the colour a bright red; if it be brown, a fresh quantity of water mud be taken, and a larger quantity of brucine added ; but if the colour is pink, a smaller quantity of brucine must be used. Three or four drops of oxalic acid are added to the residue, which is treated as in the case of the standard solution, except t h t fhe residue after the final evaporation is dissolved in a small quantihy of water, filtered into a glass cylinder, and the volume made up to 50 c.c., and the colour compared with from 1 to 10 C.C.of the standard colour. If the colour produced by the water is deeper than that of 10 C.C. of the standard, i t must be diluted with two or three volumes of water, and 50 C.C. treated as before ; but if it he lighter than that of 1 c.c., a larger quan- tity of water must be used to begin with. By F. P. PERKLNS (Analyst, 1881,58-59) .-The author applies a magnesium-platinum couple in presence of sodium chloride to the reduction of nitrates in river water. L. T. 0’s. The water to be examined is prepared in a similar manner. L. T. 0’s. Estimation of Nitrates in River Water. Detection of Lead in Potable Waters. By S. HARVEY (Ana7yst, 1881, 146-148) .-Potassium dichromate is a more delicate test than sulphuric acid or potassium iodide for the presence of lead in water.It is also preferable to sulphuretted hydrogen, since in the event of copper or tin being present in the water, there is a difficulty in distinguishing between the precipitates. It is possible to detect one-fiftieth of a grain of lead per gallon by this means, even in pre- sence of sulphates. The potassium dichromate is added in the solid state. L. T. 0’s. 4 J; 21174 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. Assay of Wood Spirit for the Preparation of Methylated Spirit. By C. BARDY ( J . Pharna. [5], 4, 129--135).-The author describes a method for the estimation of methyl alcohol in wood spirit, which consists in the comparison of the amount of iodoform obtained from the sample with that from a standard wood spirit.For the purpose, a ,standard solution of caustic soda is prepared, and a solution of 254 grams iodine and 385 potassium iodide in 1 litre of water. 5 C.C. of the wood spirit t o be assayed is diluted to 50 C.C. with water, and 10 C.C. of this solution is made up to 1 litre with water, and 5 C.C. of this is placed in a tube with 10 C.C. soda solution and -5 C.C. of the iodine solution. After well shaking, 30 C.C. of water are added, and the milkiness due to the formation of iodo- form is compared with that in a similar solution prepared from the standard wood spirit. The comparison is effected by placing behind the tubes a white card, marked with a number of black lines of various thicknesses, and noting the number of lines visible in each case.The comparison should he made immediately, since the iodo- form settles after the lapse of a short time. Should the milkiness be less than that produced by the test solution, the wood spirit is too rich in methyl alcohol, and cannot be used. If the milkiness is alike in both cases, or greater in the case of the sample than in that of the test, it is necessary to estimate the methyl alcohol by Bardet and Bordet's method. This method cannot be used if the wood spirit contains a large pro- portion of aldehyde, which is detected by diluting the wood spirit with 10 of water, and adding to 5 C.C. of the diluted spirit 2 C.C. of aqueous solution of magenta (0.20 grain per litre), decolorised by sodium thiosulphate, when a violet colour is produced, varying in intensity with the quantity of aldehyde present.The aldehyde is estimated by distilling 5 C.C. of the wood spirit, with 7 C.C. of sulphuric acid, diluted with 10 c,c. of water. The value of the spirit may then be estimated as above. In assaying wood spirit, i t is necessary that it should contain no ethyl alcohol, accidentally or fraudulently added, and no methyl ethers. The latter are estimated by saponification. The estimation of alcohol, mixed with wood spirit, is effected by diliiting 10 C.C. to 1 litre with water, and proceeding as above. I f essences are present, 11 C.C. are diluted, and the solution filtered through a moist filter-paper. To estimate varnishes prepared with met'hylated spirit, 11 C.C. are distilled to dryness, the distillate diluted to a litre, and the above method applied.By J. MUTER (Analyst, 1881, 41-46) .-The power of glycerol to prevent the precipitation of copper by potash from its solutions is made use of for the esti- mation of glycerol. 1 gram glycerol is washed into a stopper- graduated tube with a stopcock 50 C.C. from the bottom (Muter olein tube), and 50 C.C. of potassium hydroxide (1-2) added. A dilute copper sulphate solution is then carefully run in, with constant shaking, until a fair amount of copper hydroxide remains undissolved ; L. T. 0's. Volumetric Estimation of Glycerol.ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 1175 the whole made up to a given volume and allowed to settle. When clear, a given volume is made slightly acid with nitric acid, a definite excess of ammonia added, and finally titrated with potassium cyanide solution, of which 1 C.C.= 1 gram glycerol. By using pure potassium cyanide made from the acid, good results may be obtained ; there is a slight deficiency, however, owing to the difficulty of working the cyanide estimation of copper to a constant point. I n cases where the amount of glycerol to be estimated is very small, the copper is deter- mined by electrolysis on platinum. L. T. 0’s. Detection of Hydrocyanic Acid. By E. LUDWIG and 5. MAUSHNER (Chem. Centr., 1881, 43-44) .-In a poisoning case sub- mitted to the authors, potassium ferrocyanide was shown to be pre- sent, and was removed by slightly acidulating and carefully preci- pitating by ferric chloride. On submitting the filtrate to distillation with tartaric acid, a distillate was obtained both from the contents of the stomach and from the residue in the bottle containing much hydrocyanic acid.The sample of potassium cyanide which is supposed was employed was subsequently found to contain a very considerable quantity of ferrocyanide. 3’. L. T. New Demonstration of Carbonic Anhydride in the Breath. By C. F. CROSS (Chem. News, 44, 141).-When respired air is blown into a solution containing a mixture of potassium iodide and iodate and starch, the carbonic acid causes the liberation of iodine, and con- sequent production of it blue coloration. Direct experiments proved that the liberation of iodine is not due to the action of the oxygen of the air, or to the accidental presence of acid vapours. Determination of Salicylic Acid in Food-stuffs by a Colori- metric Reaction.By H. PELLET and J. DE GROBERT (Compt. rend., 93, 278--280).-The method of determining salicylic acid by the titration of the residue obtained by an ethereal extract gives too high results, from the solubility of other acids in the ether. On the other hand, on substituting benzene for ether too low results are obtained from the volatilisation of salicylic acid during evaporation. The author has modified the colorimetric method proposed by R6mont : a set of eight assay-tubes are prepared containing quantities varying from 1 C.C. to 0.05 C.C. of solution of salicylic acid (1 : lOOO), and the volume filled up with water to 10 C.C. ; to these are ridded 3 to 1 drops of a dilute solution of ferric chloride (sp. gr. 1.005--1.010).In order to estimate the quantity of salicylic acid in wine,for example, 100 C.C. of it are shaken up with 100 C.C. ether and a few drops of sulphuric acid ; the supernatant ether is drawn off and rapidly distilled. A quantity of soda solution is theradded, more than capable of saturating the salicylic acid likely to be present, and the whole is evaporated to dryness on a water-bath to drive off the excess of acetic acid extracted by the ether. The residue obtained is rendered acid by sulphuric acid, 20 C.C. of benzene added, and the solution filtered ; 10 C.C. of the solution is then drop2ed into an assay-tube, mixed with 10 C.C. water, C. H. B.1176 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. and 1 to 2 drops of ferric chloride added ; the mixture is shaken lip, and the tint compared with one of the standard assay-tubes.The author adduces experiments in support of the accuracy of this method. V. H. V. Estimation of Tannin in Tea. By A. HILL (Analyst, 1881, 95-99),-The author uses Lowenthal’s method (Zeits. And. Chew.., 1877, 3, and 201) for the estimation of tannin in tea, and from the analysis of thirty-two samples of black and green tea, it would seem that, as a rule, green tea is richer in tannin than black. The total average amount is 14.8 per cent. The auhhor’s results, although obtained from the undried leaves, agree on the whole with those of Mulder, who worked with dried leaves. L. T. 0’s. Estimation of Quinine. By A. W. BLYTH (Analyst, 1881, 162- 164).-The volumetric estimation of quinine is effected by a standard solution of Mayer’s reagent containing 13.456 grams mercuric chloride and 49.8 grams potassium iodide per litre.The complete precipitation is determined by testing a drop of the clear solution. The drop is extracted by means of a “filter-tube” consisting of a glass tube, widened a t one end into a funnel shape ; the widened end is packed with glass wool, and the t’ube used as a pipette. To estimate quinine in wine, it is first precipitated with Scheibler’s reagent, and the preci- pitate shaken with strong soda solution and ether in a tube of special construction, which cannot be described without the aid of a diagram. L. T. 0’s. Isolation of Strychnine. By A. 11. ALLEN (Analyst, 1881, 141- 142).--The author advocates the use of a mixture of ether and chloro- form in equal volumes for the separation of recently precipitated strychnine from its aqueous solution.This solvent is preferable to ether or chloroform alone, since the former has not sufficient solvent power, and the latter does not separate readily from the aqueous soh- tion. L. T. 0’s. Analyses of Milk. By B. DYER (Analyst, 1881, 59-62).-The analyses of the milk of cows, stall-fed and at grass, show that that of the former is the richer, and that an individual cow well fed can fre- quently give milk yielding an average of 8.7 per cent. solids, not fat. It is therefore necessary t o take into account the percentage of fat as well as that of “ solids not fat” before pronouncing on cases of adul- teration. L. T. 0’s. Analyses of Milk. By C. A. CAMERON (Analyst, 1881, 75-78).- The analysis of the milk of forty-two cows kept at the Government Agricultural Institution, Glasnevin, shows- (a,) That the quantity and quality of the milk improves as the age of fhe cow advances.(b.) That towards the end of the period of lactation, although the quantity of milk becomes less it improves, on the whole, in quality. ( c . ) That the milk given in the evening is as it rule richer than that given in the morning.ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 1177 The results of the analysis of tbe mixed milk from eight of the forty-two cows when it is poorest, i.e., in the morning, are as follow :- Tot’al solids .......... 13.90 per cent. Solids not fats ........ 9-75 ,, Fats .................. 4.15 ,, Ash.. ................ 0.72 ,, The author bears out the statement of Dyer (preceding Abstract), that the stttndard of solids not fat is too high, and proposes that 8.5 should be taken as a minimum ; but in no case should the total solids be less than 11.5.The minimum for fats he considers too low, and would rzise it to 2.75. The author also advocates the use of a second general standard : solids not fats, 9 per cent. ; fats, 3 per cent. L. T. 0’s. Action of Organic Matter, not Sugar, in Cane and Beet Products on Alkaline Copper Oxide Solution. By J. H. TUCKEE (Chew. News, 44,29).-It has been stated that the organic substances in commercial sugars and syrups have a reducing effect on Fehling’s solution, and therefore it is recommended to remove them by means of lead acetate before determining the amount of sugar. The author finds that such organic matters exert so little influence on the result of the analysis, that their removal is not necessary, unless they are present in considerable quantity.c. H. B. Estimation of Gluten in Flour. By B~NARD and J. GIRARDIN (J. Pharni. [5], 4,127-128).-1n estimating the gluten in flour by the ordinary method, it is necessary to allow the paste to stand for a t lea,st three hours before washing out the starch, otherwise a considerable loss of gluten (5-6 per cent.) occurs ; and in all cases where two deter- minations in one sample are made, should the same conditions of time be observed. It is preferable to estimate the gluten after drying it a t 110-120“, L. T. 0’s. Method for Examination of Coffee. (By F. M. RIMNIKGTON (AnaZyst, 1881, 2).-The presence of chicory, dandelion, &c., in coffee, may be ascertained by boiling with sodium carbonate, and then heating with dilute bleaching-powder solution, when the chicory and dandelion are bleached, the coffee being unacted on.L. T. 0’s. Separation of Wool and Silk in Textile Fabrics. By A. R~MOST ( J . Phawn. [5), 4, 135--13S).-To determine the nature of the fabric, a portion is boiled with hydrochloric acid (5 per cent.), washed and dried, the warp and weft are separated and burnt sepa- rately. If an odour of burnt horn is evolved, and ammonia is evolved when boiled with sodium hydroxide, it is plunged into boil- ing basic zinc chloride. A. Solution is complete--.silk.1178 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. B. On addition of hydrochloric acid, copious flocculent precipitate- C.Insoluble in zinc chloride, but on boiling with caustic soda. silk mixed with wool or vegetable fibres. Completely soluble-wool. Partially soluble-wool and cotton. It does not evolve an odour of burnt horn-vegetable fibres. Quantitative estimation, four pieces of the cloth of 2 grams are taken. Estimation of Size and Dye.-Three of t8he pieces are boiled with 200 C.C. hydrochloric acid (3 per cent.) for a quarter of an hour, the solution decanted, the operation repeated, the fragments washed with water and dried. The size is thus removed, and also the colouring matter, if the material is cotton, but in the case of wool and silk the latter is only imperfectly removed. Silk, however, dyed with aniline colours contains such a small quantity of colouring matter that it may be neglected ; but silk dyed black with logwood and iron can be charged indefinitely with colour- ing matter, and then the colouring matter may be roughly estimated by ignition and weighing the ferric oxide.Should the proportion of ferric oxide amount to 5, 8, or 10 per cent,, it is necessary to take account of it. Separation of Silk;.-Two of the fragments are plunged for two minutes in a boiling solution of basic zinc chloride (1.69 sp. gr.), then thrown into water, and washed in acid water, and finally in water until the wash-water gives no precipitate with ammonium sulphide. Separation of WooZ.-One of the pieces, after treatment with zinc chloride, is dried, and boiled gently with 60-80 C.C. soda solution (1.02 sp.gr.) for a quarter of an hour, care being taken not to destroy the vegetable fibres. The four pieces of cloth are then dried for an hour a t 109" and then left until the next day in the same atmosphere as the original specimen is kept, when they are weighed. The piece of cloth which has not been treated should weigh 2 grams ; but all differences above 5 mgrms. must be taken account of in estimating the proportions of size and colouring matter, silk, wool, and vegetable matter, which are obtained by diaerence from the various woights. L. T. 0's.1.168 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.A n a l y t i c a l Chemistry.A Solution of Density 3-28 suitable for the Analysis ofMinerals. By M. D. KLI:IN (Compt. rend., 9 3 , 3 1 8 4 2 0 ) .-Inasmuchas the densitly of most minerals ranges from 2.2 to 3.3, they can beeasily separated from one another by immersion in solutions withoutchemical action on them.Solutions of mercuric iodide in potassiumiodide have partly fulfilled the necessary conditions, but the minuteprecautions required have prevented the general introduction of thismethod. Nearly saturated solutions of the cobalt, nickel, and cad-mium borotungstates prepared by the author have sp. gr. about3.28-3.31. The dark tint of the two former salts renders theirsolution comparatively useless for the purpose, but the cadmium saltsolution being of a very pale yellow colour is very suitable. Theauthor illustrates how, for instance, by this solution a diamond can bedistinguished immediately from white sapphire or colourless corundum.In order to prepare this solution, tetrasodic horotunstate (this vol.,224) is converted into barium borodecitungstate (Abstr., 1880, 612),and then decomposed by cadmium sulphate.The solution is eva-pornt,ed on a salt-water bath until a fragment of peridote swims on thesurface ; then on cooling orthorhombic crystals of the cadmium saltare deposited. The crystals melt at 75' in their water of crystallisationand retain their mother-liquor, and there is formed a mobile liquid ofthe required density, 3.6.Estimation of Phosphoric Acid as Magnesium Pyrophos-phate. By F. A. GOOCH (An?. Chent. J., 1, 391-413).-This papergives the results of a large number of analyses of alkaline phosphates,phosphotungstates, and phosphomolybdates, from which the followingconclusions are drawn :-V.H. VANALYTTCSL CHEMISTRY. 1169In determining the phosphoric oxide of aZkaZiine phosphates freefrom sulphates or other substances likely to contaminate a precipitate,accuracy is most conveniently and surely attained by adding to thesomewhat dilute solution of the phospha.te, first ammonia in slight butdistinct excess, then an excess of magnesium chloride mixture con-taining free ammonia (made by dissolving 3 parts crystallised magne-sium chloride and 8 parts ammonium chloride in water, adding watercontaining ammonia till the volume of the solution amounts to 48parts, then filtering and boiling off the free ammonia,), and after theprecipitate has settled, adding a further excess of ammonia till theliquid smells strongly of it.In determining the phosphoric oxide of phosphotungstates, the bestresults are obtained by adding to the solution containing free ammo-nia, an excess of either of the magnesia mixtures, washing the pre-cipitate with the precipitant, dissolving in hydrochloric acid, dilutingif necessary, and reprecipitating with a little dilute ammonia, addingstrong ammonia after the precipitate has settled ; or, when workingwith small amounts, by proceeding as in the case of the phosphates,taking however special care that the solution is distinctly ammoniacalbefore precipitating, and that no great excess of the precipitant isused.For the determination of phosphoric oxide in phosphomolyb-dates, the method recommended in the case of the phosphates servesvery well when the amount, of phosphoric oxide does not exceed about0.05 gram, but for larger amounts, the mebhod of double precipitationrecommended for the phosphotungstates is more accurate.With regard to the time which should be allowed t o pass betweenprecipitating and filtering, the author’s experiments support those ofAbesser, Jnni, and Maercker (this Journal, 1874, 387) in pointing tothe condition that a precipitate map safely be filtered as soon as it hascompletely subsided, generally after ten or fifteen minutes.By D.LTNDO(Chem. News, 44, 77, 86, 97, 129).-A moderate excess of platinumchloride solution, containing about 1 gram of platinum in ‘LO c.c., isadded to the somewhat dilute solution of alkaline chlorides, theliquid evaporated to dryness on the water-bath, and t,hen heated fortwo or three minutes.The residue is washed three or four timeswith alcohol of 98 per cent., then carefully crushed with a glass rod,and again washed repeatedly with alcohol, Gooch’s method of filtra-tion (Chem. News, 37, 181) being employed. The platinochloridemas dried a t 130”. The results obtained were very accurate, even inpresence of 50 per cent. sodium chloride. The double salt is nothygrcscopic, and there is no need to place the crucible in a desiccatorwhilst cooling. When using Tatlock’s method, the author finds thatthe platinum tetrachloride solution employed for the first washingdissolves a small quantity of the double salt, and consequently theresults obtained are somewhat too low.Even in presence of excessof platinum chloride, it would appear that sodium chloride is notentirely converted into the double salt or, more probably, that rever-sion takes place either during evaporation or on adding the alcohol.Pi*olonged heating of the residue on the water-bath promotes rever-H. W.Estimation of Potassium as Platinochloride1170 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.sion, which may be prevented by employing a moderate excess ofplatinum chloride, and taking care not to heat t,he platinochlorides toolong after they have become dry. Direct experiments showed thatpotassium platinochloride is practically insoluble in absolute or verystrong alcohol; when the platinochloride is in the form of scales,alcohol of 80 per cent.dissolves a small quantity ; when in the formof powder, alcohol of 83 per cent. dissolves a quantity sufficient tosensibly affect the results. The author finds that potassium platino-chloride is very slightly soluble in a half saturated solution of ammo-nium chloride, and proposes to use a solution of the latter to washout any magnesium and sodium sulphates, &c., with which theplatinochloride may be mixed. The double salt is first thoroughlywashed with alcohol, then with an aqueous solution of ammoniumchloride, and finally with alcohol. If accurate results are desired, theammoniui u chloride solution should be saturated wit'h platinochloridebefore being used. Taking the atomic weight, of platinum as 197.18,the mean of the determinations of potassium chloride was 100 percent.; taking Seubert's number 194.46, the mean was 100.55 percent.C. H. B.Electrolytic Estimation of Zinc. By H. REINHARDT and R.IHLE (J. pr. Chem. [2], 24, 193--201).-1t is found that the usualprocesses for the electrolytic estimation of zinc are all to a certainextent unsatisfactory. The presence of fvee sulphuric acid and am-monium acetate are especially prejudicial t'o the results. The follow-ing modification is therefore proposed : the anode consists of a spiralof strong platinum wire, and the cathode of a cone of platinum sus-pended above the anode, the distance between the two being 5 mm.,and the surface of the latter 160 sq. cm. The object of the peculiarform of cathode is to ascertain, by lowering it into the liquid, if thelast trace of metal has been removed.The negative electrode is to bepreviously coppered, and nitric acid may be employed for removalof the deposited zinc, as the copper is not attacked in the cold. Thecopper coating must be even and clear, otherwise the zinc will bedeposited in numerous small loosely attached grains. The zinc isdeposited from a solution of the oxalate, and for this purpose theneutral chloride or sulphate solutionis mixed with an excess of potas-sium oxalate until the precipitate produced id redissolved ; the metalis precipitated from this solution a t the negative pole, and may beeasily xashed with water. This process works well with alloys.E. W. P.Reduction of Iron Ores by Powdered Zinc.By T. M. BROWN(Chem. Centr., 1881, 75).-An intimate mixtme of 0.3 gram powderedore with 10 times as much finely pulverised zinc is placed in a porce-lain crucible and covered with an equal weight of powdered zinc.The open crucible is heated for ten minutes over a Bunsen burner todark redness. On cooling, the whole contents of the crucible arerapidly dissolved in hydrochloric acid out of contact with air, and theiron is determined by potassium permanganate in the usual manner.Bituminous ores must, be roasted before reduction. To prevent theintroduction of organic matter from the lamp, a layer of borax iANALYTICAL CHEMXSTRY. 1171placed above the layer of zinc. Powdered zinc is also found to haveadvantages over granulated zinc and sheet zinc in the reduction offerric to ferrous solutions.P. L. T.Separation of Cobalt and Nickel from Iron. By T. MOO-~E(Chem. News, 44, 76).-The solution, which should not contain muchfree acid, is mixed with ammonium sulphate in quantity sufficient toform a double sulphate with the cobalt andnickel present. The solu-tion is then diluted to about 150 c.c., mixed with a large excess ofoxalic acid and well stirred. If a precipitate is formed, it must beredissolved by further addition of ammonium sulphate. The clearliquid is mixed with ammonia in slight excess, heated gently for a fewminutes, filtered, and washed with water containing ammonia, or theliquid is diluted to a known volume and, after the precipitate hassettled, a definite quantity of the clear liquid is drawn off and thenickel determined by electrolysis or otherwise.Separation of Tungsten from Antimony, Arsenic, and Iron,together with the Analysis of a so-called Pseudometeorite.ByA. COBENZL (Monatsh. Chem., 1881, 259-265) .-The metallic masswhich is the subject of this examination, was found in 1879 at Cistain Bohemia. Externally it exhibits some of the characters ofmeteoric iron, but as its fall was not actually observed, and as itsphysical and chemical characters were found on closer examination todiffer from those of well authenticated iron meteorites, it has beendesignated a pseudometeorite. It is brittle, easily pulverisable, andhas a fine-grained confusedly crystalline texture, revealed by the shim-mering aspect of its newly fractured surface, whereas meteoric ironsare tough and have a hackly fracture. Moreover, the pseudometeoriteis porous and has a blistered surface, the character of which is morelike that of certain furnace-products than that of meteoric iron.Thecolour of this metal is violet-grey, differing therefore from the neutralgrey of meteoric iron.Qualitative analysis showed that the chief constituents of thepseudometeorite are iron, tungsten, antimony, and arsenic, associatedwith small quantities of water and insoluble silicates (ferric oxide,alumina, lime, magnesia), carbon, and sulphur ; traces of bismuth andtin were also detected.The quantitative analysis presented pecnliar difficulties in theseparation of the first four constituents above mentioned, respectingwhich no exact statements are to be found in chemical literature.The following method was found by the author to yield satisfactoryresults. The mineral, very finely pulverised and sifted through linen,was drenched in a flask with strong nitric acid, and heated on awater-bath €or four or five days, with occasional addition of hydro-chloric acid, till nothing was left undissolved but pure yellow tungsticacid.The solution, together with the tungstic acid, was evaporatedt o dryness over a water-bath ; the dry dusty residue redissolved in verydilute nitric acid ; the solution again evaporated to dryness, and thistreatment three times repeated. The residue was then dissolved invery dilute nitric acid, with addition of a small quantity of tartaricC. H.B.VOL. XL. 4 1172 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.acid, the solution evaporated a t 100" and filtered, and the separatedtungstic acid several times washed by decantation with boiling acidu-lated water, and finally collected on a filter.The solid matter thus separated contained the whole of the tungs-ten, together with silica, and silicates undecomposible by acids, whilstall the other metals, together with lime and alumina, were found inthe filtrate. The tungstic acid was treated on the filter with verydilute ammonia, which dissolved it, leaving behind the silica and sili-cates. The ammoniacal solution was evaporated t o dryness in a weighedporcelain crucible, the residue ignited, and the pure straw-yellowturigstic acid thus obtained was weighed.The undissolved silicateswere dried, ignited, weighed, and analysed in the usual way bydecomposition with a mixture of potassium and sodium carbonate.The filtrate from the tungstic acid was saturated with yellow ammo-nium sulphide, whereby iron sulphide and alumina were precipitated,while arsenic, antimony, and lime remained dissolved. All these con-stituents were separated and estimated by the usual methods.The sulphur, after separation of the tungsten, was weighed asbarium sulphate. The carbon was estimated, together with the water,by igniting the powder in a stream of oxygen, and collecting thewater and carbonic acid in the usual way. The amount of oxygenwas determined by reducing the oxides present in a stream ofhydrogen.The results of the analysis were as follows :-Fe. w. Sb. As. Silicates. H20. Al,O,.56.07 25-39 9.85 5.08 1-55 0.78 0.60CaO. 0. C. S.0-37 0.28 0.18 0.053The percentage composition of the silicates was found to be :SiO,. Al,O,. Fe20,. CaO.41.2 26.8 18.0 14.0From the physical and chemical characters above described, it maybe inferred almost with certainty that this substance is not an actualiron meteorite, but a furnace-product, such as were often obtained inthe early days of the metallurgic preparation of tungsten. The fol-lowing table exhibits a comparison of its chief constituents, and itsspecific gravity, with those of iron meteorites :-Mean of iron meteorites. Pseudometeorite.Iron.. Iron........ 5 6.4Nickel ...... 3 1 7 Tungsten . . 25.3Phosphorus.. 0 1 Antimony .. 9.9Cobalt.. .... 0 2.6 Arsenic .... 0.1...... 81 to 98 p. c.Sp. gr.. ..... 6.6 7.9 I n the lump. 8.854In powder .. 8.8993H. w.Action of Potassium Permanganate on Potable Waters atDifferent Temperatures. By G. W. WIGNER and R. H. HARLAND(AnaZyst, 1881, 39).-The experiments of the authors show that thA N AL Y TICAL CHEMISTRY. 1173amount of oxygen absorbed by potable waters when mixed withpotassium permanganate varies considerably with the nature of thewater and with the time, and in some cases with the temperature.The nature of the pollution also has a marked effect on the oxygenabsorbed, but no general conclusions can be drawn from their results.L. T.0’s.Estimation of Nitrates in Potable Waters. By J. WEST-KNIGHTS (AmZyst, 1881, 56--58).-The author applies the brucinetest for nitric acid to the estimation of nitrates in potable waters,the blood-red colour being permanent if oxalic acid is used instead ofsulphuric acid, in applying the test to nitrates. For the purpose arerequired a potassium nitrate solution containing 0.721 gram per litre(1 C.C. = 0.0001 gram N as NO,), a brucine solution (1 gram in 100alcohol), a cold saturated solution of oxalic acid, and a standard xed SOZZL-tioiz prepared by evaporating 10 C.C. of the potassium nitrate solutionto dryness, and adding 3 C.C. of the brucine solution and 6 drops ofoxalic acid solution, evaporating to dryness, dissolving the residue inwater, and again evaporating; the residue is dissolved in water andmade up to 100 C.C.This solution should have a bright-red colour,and 1 C.C. of it is equal to 0.00001 nitrogen as nitrate.10 e.c.are evaporated to dryness, and from 0.5 to 2 C.C. of brucine solutionadded to the residue. The brucine should be just in excess, and thecolour a bright red; if it be brown, a fresh quantity of water mudbe taken, and a larger quantity of brucine added ; but if the colour ispink, a smaller quantity of brucine must be used. Three or fourdrops of oxalic acid are added to the residue, which is treated as inthe case of the standard solution, except t h t fhe residue after thefinal evaporation is dissolved in a small quantihy of water, filtered intoa glass cylinder, and the volume made up to 50 c.c., and the colourcompared with from 1 to 10 C.C.of the standard colour. If the colourproduced by the water is deeper than that of 10 C.C. of the standard,i t must be diluted with two or three volumes of water, and 50 C.C.treated as before ; but if it he lighter than that of 1 c.c., a larger quan-tity of water must be used to begin with.By F. P. PERKLNS(Analyst, 1881,58-59) .-The author applies a magnesium-platinumcouple in presence of sodium chloride to the reduction of nitrates inriver water. L. T. 0’s.The water to be examined is prepared in a similar manner.L. T. 0’s.Estimation of Nitrates in River Water.Detection of Lead in Potable Waters. By S. HARVEY (Ana7yst,1881, 146-148) .-Potassium dichromate is a more delicate test thansulphuric acid or potassium iodide for the presence of lead inwater.It is also preferable to sulphuretted hydrogen, since in theevent of copper or tin being present in the water, there is a difficultyin distinguishing between the precipitates. It is possible to detectone-fiftieth of a grain of lead per gallon by this means, even in pre-sence of sulphates. The potassium dichromate is added in the solidstate. L. T. 0’s.4 J; 1174 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.Assay of Wood Spirit for the Preparation of MethylatedSpirit. By C. BARDY ( J . Pharna. [5], 4, 129--135).-The authordescribes a method for the estimation of methyl alcohol in woodspirit, which consists in the comparison of the amount of iodoformobtained from the sample with that from a standard wood spirit.For the purpose, a ,standard solution of caustic soda is prepared,and a solution of 254 grams iodine and 385 potassium iodide in 1 litreof water.5 C.C.of the wood spirit t o be assayed is diluted to 50 C.C. withwater, and 10 C.C. of this solution is made up to 1 litre with water,and 5 C.C. of this is placed in a tube with 10 C.C. soda solutionand -5 C.C. of the iodine solution. After well shaking, 30 C.C.of water are added, and the milkiness due to the formation of iodo-form is compared with that in a similar solution prepared from thestandard wood spirit. The comparison is effected by placing behindthe tubes a white card, marked with a number of black lines ofvarious thicknesses, and noting the number of lines visible in eachcase.The comparison should he made immediately, since the iodo-form settles after the lapse of a short time. Should the milkiness beless than that produced by the test solution, the wood spirit is toorich in methyl alcohol, and cannot be used.If the milkiness is alike in both cases, or greater in the case of thesample than in that of the test, it is necessary to estimate the methylalcohol by Bardet and Bordet's method.This method cannot be used if the wood spirit contains a large pro-portion of aldehyde, which is detected by diluting the wood spirit with10 of water, and adding to 5 C.C. of the diluted spirit 2 C.C. of aqueoussolution of magenta (0.20 grain per litre), decolorised by sodiumthiosulphate, when a violet colour is produced, varying in intensitywith the quantity of aldehyde present. The aldehyde is estimated bydistilling 5 C.C.of the wood spirit, with 7 C.C. of sulphuric acid,diluted with 10 c,c. of water. The value of the spirit may then beestimated as above.In assaying wood spirit, i t is necessary that it should contain noethyl alcohol, accidentally or fraudulently added, and no methylethers. The latter are estimated by saponification. The estimationof alcohol, mixed with wood spirit, is effected by diliiting 10 C.C. to1 litre with water, and proceeding as above.I f essences are present, 11 C.C. are diluted, and the solution filteredthrough a moist filter-paper. To estimate varnishes prepared withmet'hylated spirit, 11 C.C.are distilled to dryness, the distillate dilutedto a litre, and the above method applied.By J. MUTER (Analyst,1881, 41-46) .-The power of glycerol to prevent the precipitationof copper by potash from its solutions is made use of for the esti-mation of glycerol. 1 gram glycerol is washed into a stopper-graduated tube with a stopcock 50 C.C. from the bottom (Muter oleintube), and 50 C.C. of potassium hydroxide (1-2) added. A dilutecopper sulphate solution is then carefully run in, with constantshaking, until a fair amount of copper hydroxide remains undissolved ;L. T. 0's.Volumetric Estimation of GlycerolANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 1175the whole made up to a given volume and allowed to settle. Whenclear, a given volume is made slightly acid with nitric acid, a definiteexcess of ammonia added, and finally titrated with potassium cyanidesolution, of which 1 C.C.= 1 gram glycerol. By using pure potassiumcyanide made from the acid, good results may be obtained ; there is aslight deficiency, however, owing to the difficulty of working thecyanide estimation of copper to a constant point. I n cases where theamount of glycerol to be estimated is very small, the copper is deter-mined by electrolysis on platinum. L. T. 0’s.Detection of Hydrocyanic Acid. By E. LUDWIG and 5.MAUSHNER (Chem. Centr., 1881, 43-44) .-In a poisoning case sub-mitted to the authors, potassium ferrocyanide was shown to be pre-sent, and was removed by slightly acidulating and carefully preci-pitating by ferric chloride.On submitting the filtrate to distillationwith tartaric acid, a distillate was obtained both from the contents ofthe stomach and from the residue in the bottle containing muchhydrocyanic acid.The sample of potassium cyanide which is supposed was employedwas subsequently found to contain a very considerable quantity offerrocyanide. 3’. L. T.New Demonstration of Carbonic Anhydride in the Breath.By C. F. CROSS (Chem. News, 44, 141).-When respired air is blowninto a solution containing a mixture of potassium iodide and iodateand starch, the carbonic acid causes the liberation of iodine, and con-sequent production of it blue coloration. Direct experiments provedthat the liberation of iodine is not due to the action of the oxygen ofthe air, or to the accidental presence of acid vapours.Determination of Salicylic Acid in Food-stuffs by a Colori-metric Reaction.By H. PELLET and J. DE GROBERT (Compt. rend.,93, 278--280).-The method of determining salicylic acid by thetitration of the residue obtained by an ethereal extract gives too highresults, from the solubility of other acids in the ether. On the otherhand, on substituting benzene for ether too low results are obtainedfrom the volatilisation of salicylic acid during evaporation. Theauthor has modified the colorimetric method proposed by R6mont : aset of eight assay-tubes are prepared containing quantities varyingfrom 1 C.C. to 0.05 C.C. of solution of salicylic acid (1 : lOOO), and thevolume filled up with water to 10 C.C.; to these are ridded 3 to 1 dropsof a dilute solution of ferric chloride (sp. gr. 1.005--1.010). In orderto estimate the quantity of salicylic acid in wine,for example, 100 C.C. ofit are shaken up with 100 C.C. ether and a few drops of sulphuric acid ;the supernatant ether is drawn off and rapidly distilled. A quantityof soda solution is theradded, more than capable of saturating thesalicylic acid likely to be present, and the whole is evaporated todryness on a water-bath to drive off the excess of acetic acid extractedby the ether. The residue obtained is rendered acid by sulphuricacid, 20 C.C. of benzene added, and the solution filtered ; 10 C.C. of thesolution is then drop2ed into an assay-tube, mixed with 10 C.C.water,C. H. B1176 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.and 1 to 2 drops of ferric chloride added ; the mixture is shaken lip,and the tint compared with one of the standard assay-tubes. Theauthor adduces experiments in support of the accuracy of thismethod. V. H. V.Estimation of Tannin in Tea. By A. HILL (Analyst, 1881,95-99),-The author uses Lowenthal’s method (Zeits. And. Chew..,1877, 3, and 201) for the estimation of tannin in tea, and from theanalysis of thirty-two samples of black and green tea, it would seemthat, as a rule, green tea is richer in tannin than black. The totalaverage amount is 14.8 per cent. The auhhor’s results, althoughobtained from the undried leaves, agree on the whole with those ofMulder, who worked with dried leaves.L. T. 0’s.Estimation of Quinine. By A. W. BLYTH (Analyst, 1881, 162-164).-The volumetric estimation of quinine is effected by a standardsolution of Mayer’s reagent containing 13.456 grams mercuric chlorideand 49.8 grams potassium iodide per litre. The complete precipitationis determined by testing a drop of the clear solution. The drop isextracted by means of a “filter-tube” consisting of a glass tube,widened a t one end into a funnel shape ; the widened end is packedwith glass wool, and the t’ube used as a pipette. To estimate quininein wine, it is first precipitated with Scheibler’s reagent, and the preci-pitate shaken with strong soda solution and ether in a tube ofspecial construction, which cannot be described without the aid of adiagram.L. T. 0’s.Isolation of Strychnine. By A. 11. ALLEN (Analyst, 1881, 141-142).--The author advocates the use of a mixture of ether and chloro-form in equal volumes for the separation of recently precipitatedstrychnine from its aqueous solution. This solvent is preferable toether or chloroform alone, since the former has not sufficient solventpower, and the latter does not separate readily from the aqueous soh-tion. L. T. 0’s.Analyses of Milk. By B. DYER (Analyst, 1881, 59-62).-Theanalyses of the milk of cows, stall-fed and at grass, show that that ofthe former is the richer, and that an individual cow well fed can fre-quently give milk yielding an average of 8.7 per cent. solids, not fat.It is therefore necessary t o take into account the percentage of fat aswell as that of “ solids not fat” before pronouncing on cases of adul-teration. L.T. 0’s.Analyses of Milk. By C. A. CAMERON (Analyst, 1881, 75-78).-The analysis of the milk of forty-two cows kept at the GovernmentAgricultural Institution, Glasnevin, shows-(a,) That the quantity and quality of the milk improves as the ageof fhe cow advances.(b.) That towards the end of the period of lactation, although thequantity of milk becomes less it improves, on the whole, in quality.( c . ) That the milk given in the evening is as it rule richer than thatgiven in the morningANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 1177The results of the analysis of tbe mixed milk from eight ofthe forty-two cows when it is poorest, i.e., in the morning, are asfollow :-Tot’al solids ..........13.90 per cent.Solids not fats ........ 9-75 ,,Fats .................. 4.15 ,,Ash.. ................ 0.72 ,,The author bears out the statement of Dyer (preceding Abstract),that the stttndard of solids not fat is too high, and proposes that 8.5should be taken as a minimum ; but in no case should the total solidsbe less than 11.5. The minimum for fats he considers too low, andwould rzise it to 2.75.The author also advocates the use of a second general standard :solids not fats, 9 per cent. ; fats, 3 per cent. L. T. 0’s.Action of Organic Matter, not Sugar, in Cane and BeetProducts on Alkaline Copper Oxide Solution. By J. H. TUCKEE(Chew. News, 44,29).-It has been stated that the organic substancesin commercial sugars and syrups have a reducing effect on Fehling’ssolution, and therefore it is recommended to remove them by means oflead acetate before determining the amount of sugar. The author findsthat such organic matters exert so little influence on the result of theanalysis, that their removal is not necessary, unless they are present inconsiderable quantity.c. H. B.Estimation of Gluten in Flour. By B~NARD and J. GIRARDIN(J. Pharni. [5], 4,127-128).-1n estimating the gluten in flour by theordinary method, it is necessary to allow the paste to stand for a t lea,stthree hours before washing out the starch, otherwise a considerableloss of gluten (5-6 per cent.) occurs ; and in all cases where two deter-minations in one sample are made, should the same conditions of timebe observed.It is preferable to estimate the gluten after drying it a t 110-120“,L. T.0’s.Method for Examination of Coffee. (By F. M. RIMNIKGTON(AnaZyst, 1881, 2).-The presence of chicory, dandelion, &c., in coffee,may be ascertained by boiling with sodium carbonate, and then heatingwith dilute bleaching-powder solution, when the chicory and dandelionare bleached, the coffee being unacted on. L. T. 0’s.Separation of Wool and Silk in Textile Fabrics. By A.R~MOST ( J . Phawn. [5), 4, 135--13S).-To determine the nature ofthe fabric, a portion is boiled with hydrochloric acid (5 per cent.),washed and dried, the warp and weft are separated and burnt sepa-rately. If an odour of burnt horn is evolved, and ammonia isevolved when boiled with sodium hydroxide, it is plunged into boil-ing basic zinc chloride.A. Solution is complete--.silk1178 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.B. On addition of hydrochloric acid, copious flocculent precipitate-C. Insoluble in zinc chloride, but on boiling with caustic soda.silk mixed with wool or vegetable fibres.Completely soluble-wool.Partially soluble-wool and cotton.It does not evolve an odour of burnt horn-vegetable fibres.Quantitative estimation, four pieces of the cloth of 2 grams aretaken.Estimation of Size and Dye.-Three of t8he pieces are boiled with200 C.C. hydrochloric acid (3 per cent.) for a quarter of an hour, thesolution decanted, the operation repeated, the fragments washed withwater and dried. The size is thus removed, and also the colouringmatter, if the material is cotton, but in the case of wool and silk thelatter is only imperfectly removed.Silk, however, dyed with aniline colours contains such a smallquantity of colouring matter that it may be neglected ; but silk dyedblack with logwood and iron can be charged indefinitely with colour-ing matter, and then the colouring matter may be roughly estimatedby ignition and weighing the ferric oxide. Should the proportion offerric oxide amount to 5, 8, or 10 per cent,, it is necessary to takeaccount of it.Separation of Silk;.-Two of the fragments are plunged for twominutes in a boiling solution of basic zinc chloride (1.69 sp. gr.), thenthrown into water, and washed in acid water, and finally in wateruntil the wash-water gives no precipitate with ammonium sulphide.Separation of WooZ.-One of the pieces, after treatment with zincchloride, is dried, and boiled gently with 60-80 C.C. soda solution(1.02 sp. gr.) for a quarter of an hour, care being taken not to destroythe vegetable fibres.The four pieces of cloth are then dried for an hour a t 109" and thenleft until the next day in the same atmosphere as the original specimenis kept, when they are weighed. The piece of cloth which has notbeen treated should weigh 2 grams ; but all differences above 5 mgrms.must be taken account of in estimating the proportions of size andcolouring matter, silk, wool, and vegetable matter, which are obtainedby diaerence from the various woights. L. T. 0's

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001168

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

1178 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. T e c h n i c a1 Chemistry. Coloured Photographs. By J. ALBERT (Chem. Centr., 1881, 78). -The author takes three negatives of the object, taking care to exclude yellow, blue, and red rays in the three cases respectively. The negatives are taken off on chrome-gelatin films and print'ed in yellow, blue, and red respectively. Thus three pictures of all that is yellow, blue, or red in the object are obtained. If printed over each other on white paper all the colours of the original object are reproduced. I?. L. T.TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY. 1179 Changes of Photographs by prolonged Action of Light. By J. JANSSEN (Chem,. Centr., 1881, 159--160).--The author finds that using a gelatin silver bromide plate, the negative image which is formed by an exposure of & second is succeeded by a neutral surface on which a positive image appears at the end of half to one second; on longer exposure this positive is succeeded by another neutral stage, and then a negative makes its appearance again.I?. L. T. Injurious Effect of Furnace-gases in the Forests of the Upper Harz. By REUSS (Uingl. poZyyt. J., 241, 285-291).-The following is a summary of the results and conclusions of this interest- ing investigation (comp. this vol., p. 1064). The study of the injurious effect of furnace-gases on forests is still in its infancy, but it seems to be established that the gases are injurious mainly on account of the presence of sulphurous acid. The leaves of all trees absorb a certain quantity of the sulphurous acid, which causes them to become unhealthy, and is followed by the death of separate leaves or branches, or by the complete death of the tree.Chemical analysis offers the best means of determining the presence of furnace-gases in a district. The growt,h of trees in presence of furnace-gases is irregular and variable, but sound strong-looking trees resist their action longer than sickly-looking trees. Deciduous trees, especially the oak, resist the action of the gases better than coniferous trees. Trees requiring a humous soil rich in mineral constituents cannot flourish in soil impregnated with furnace-gases, the oak being the only exception. Its cultivation in mininG districts is looked upon with great expectations. The transformation of forests consisting of diseased coniferous trees into forests with deciduous trees seems feasible in mining districts.Trees acted on by furnace-gases are not protected against injuries received by insects. In order to preserve the soil and to maintain its fertility, great care should be taken of it, and it should be kept as dry as possible. D. B. Air of Hospitals during Yellow Fever. By W. v. SLOETON (Chern. Centr., 1881, 78--79).-The author determined the free and albumino'id ammonia in the air by Wanklyn, Chapman, and Smith's process. From these analyses, it is shown that the air during the epi- demic was laden with albuminojid ammonia, the abnormal amount disappearing with the fever. Destruction of Microscopic Animals in Potable Water. By LANGFELDT (Chem. Clem%., 1881,7&75).-The author, in seeking for a substance which would kill the living organisms without injuring the water for drinking purposes, found that citric acid ($ gram per litre of the water) killed all except CycZops and those with thick epidermis within two minutes.F. L. T. F. L. T.1180 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. Production of Magnesia. (Clzem. News, 44, 76.)-Magnesium chloride solution is treated with burnt dolomite. The chlorine combines with the calcium in the dolomite, and in this way magnesia of 98 to 994 per cent. can be obtained on the large scale without any difficulty. Magnesia bricks prepared with it resist even the oxy- hydrogen flame. I n order to separate the sulphate contained in the crude magnesium chloride, calcium chloride is added, and the calcium sulphate thus thrown down is used by paper makers.Magnesia pre- pared by the above process costs about 15s. per ton. C. H. B. Magnesia Industry. By T. SCHLCMING (Compt. rend., 93, 276- 278).-The author proposes to extract magnesium salts from the sea instead of from the saline lakes. The method is as follows:-Mag- nesia is precipitated from the sea-water by lime, and the gelatinous precipitate obtained is left to settle in large tanks; the clear liquid is decanted off, and the white mud left is converted into the tribasic phosphate by the addition of a calculated quantity of dilute phosphoric acid. The phosphate is allowed to settle, filtered, and converted by the ammonia of sewage into the insoluble ammonium magnesium phosphate. This latter change is based on the fact that the ammonia of sewage, combined with various fixed and volatile acids, in the presence of tribasic phosphoric acid, exchanges one of the equivalents of magnesium for ammonium, whereby the ammonium- magnesium precipitate is formed.This new industry would require the extraction of phosphoric acid from mineral phosphates in the immediate neighbourhood, and the author suggests the working up of human refuse for the extraction of the phosphoric acid. The tribasic magnesium phosphate is not, however, pure, for the original magnesia mud contains 8 per cent. of lime-salts a i d the phosphoric acid is con- tnminat.ed with alumina and oxide of iron. The author considers that among the applications of this proposed magnesia inaustry will be the manufacture of superphosphates for agricultural purposes, which hitherto have been almost exclusively imported from England.V. H. V. On Cement (Dingl. yo@. J., 241, 309; see also this vol., p. 1088.)-Schumann has investigated the behaviour of mortar and stone used for building purposes when exposed to the combined action of moisture and air. He found that all cements, if allowed to harden in water, increase in volume, the largest increase being in the first period of the settling. It is larger with newly prepared cement, and smaller with finely ground cement ; it is increased when gypsum is added to cement, and decreased when sand is used. As to the action of water and air on stones used for building purposes it is shown that they expand in water, and contract again when dried in the air.The variations in volume decrease with the greater porosity of the stmes. Schumann has experimented with a large number of cements and stones, his results leading him to conclude that the changes referred to in the above are too slight to be of any consequence in practice. Feege mentions that concrete can be exposed to a temperature ofTECHNICAL CHEMISTRY. 1181 130-150” without influencing its bearing property ; however this appears to be the limit. At higher temperatures it loses its firmness and becomes brittle. From a number of trials made by Schumann on the preparation of mortar, it was found that all cements give the same yield of mortar no matter whether used in the form of a fine or coarse powder or burnt slightly or strongly ; he therefore recommends weighing the quantity of cement t o be employed instead of measuring it, as is usually the case.When it is used €or foundations, all excavations should be kept as dry as possible during the actual process of concreting. Busing and Dyckerhoff, on the other hand, strongly recommend concreting in water. Apart from the fact that to keep laisge excavations dry for any length of time entails a considerable expense, they show that many large undertakings have been carried out successfully when the concrete was laid in water. D. B. Delbriick objects t o prepare concrete under water. Composition of some Cements. (Clem. Centr., 1881, 15).-1. To fill damaged places in castings : 1 part of tar, 1 part rosin are fused together and iron filings stirred in until the mass becomes stiff, it is then allowed to cool.2. 100 parts rust-free cast-iron borings and turnings are well mixed dry with 1 part coarsely powdered am- monium chloride, and moistened with urine or salt water. No more should be moistened than can be used within an hour. F. L. T. Explosion of Petroleum and other Combustible Liquids. By R. WEBER (Dingl. poZyt. J., 241, 277--285).--The author has investigated the causes of explosions resulting from the products of the distillation of mineral naphtha when used for burning purposes. These products are knawn as “ gasoline,” “ benzoline,” ‘‘ ligroin,” and ‘‘ lubricating oil.” Some of these are highly inflammable on account of their volatility, %L mixture of the vapour with air in certain propor- tions being very explosive, and accidents have occurred from time to time with fatal consequences. The author’s experiments were made with a view of ascertaining the conditions which were most favour- able in preventing these dangerous occurrences. Mixtures of air and carefully prepared gasoline were introduced in various proportions into wide-necked bottles holding 350 c.c., fitted with corks provided with wires.The bottles were kept at definite temperatures for twenty minutes, during which period they were shaken at intervals. An electric spark was then passed through the wires into the bottles. It was found that a mixture prepared with three drops of gasoline pro- duced the most violent explosion, and that as the quantity of this was increased, so the explosive power of the mixture decreased.With six drops of gasoline no explosion ensued. When larger quantities are used the combustion is less perfect, hence the reaction is still weaker, a circumstance which is attributed to the fact that larger quantities of carbonic oxide gas are produced, and that the formation of this gas materially decreases the evolution of heat. Similar experiments were made with carbon bisulphide, the maximum effects being obtained with four drops, ten times this amount being required to produce a1152 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. non-explosive mixture. In the case of benzene, two drops gave a violent reaction, four drops gave no explosion. Ether produces a very explosive mixture when four drops are used ; with eight drops no explosion takes place. Alcohol gives the maximum effect with five or six drops, but as it is less volatile than ether or benzene it is necessary to heat it.At 30" the explosive action is at its highest, and is reduced both by increasing the temperature-when the gaseous mix- ture becomes saturated-and by decreasing the temperature when the quantity of vapour given off is not small. D. B. Formula for Calculating the Quantity of Water Added to Diluted Spirit. By A. ASHBP (Analyst, 1881, 1-2).-By using the following formula in conjunction with Hehner's and Stevenson's alcohol tables, the exact quantity of water which must be added to spirit of a given strength to reduce it to any other use may be found. If x: = the rolume of water to be added t o 100 parts of spirit then the total volume is 100 + o. and (100 + z) : 100 : : per cent.of alcohol by volume at present strength : per cent. of alcohol by volume at required strength, per cent. of alcohol by vol. at present strength x 100 per cent. of alcohol at required strength. x = - 100. By substituting percentage of alcohol by weight for that by volume, the weight of water to be added may be ascertained. L. T. 0's. Analyses of Wine and Must. By R. ULBRICHT (Landw. Versuc1ts.-Stat., 27, 76-100, continued from Cliem. SOC. J., 1880, Abst., 586).-In the estimation of sugar, great caution must be observed that all the experiments are exactly alike in the smallest details, in order to obtain comparable and accurate results. Concentration of the sugar solution, absence of sulphur and bodies yielding ammonia on decomposition, temperature of the liquids, &c., are all points de- manding careful attention.In endeavouring on these lines to obt;ain a satisfactory met,hod for the estimation of sugar in must and wine, the author found himself at the outset confronted by several problems still requiring solution. Having prepared a B'ehling's solution, the question arose as t o how its stability was influenced by temperature, dilution, and difference of composition ; 68 experiments on this ques- tion were made, and it was found that no copper oxide separated from the solution when diluted to any extent and boiled for ten minutes, if the proportions were those recommended by Fehling, except when the amount of copper present was small, in which cases reduction might be prevented by the use of comparatively larger quantities of Rochelle salt and sodium hydroxide, or by keeping the temperature below 80" C.The smaller the amount of sodium hydroxide present, the greater is the tendency of copper to precipitate, and this is also the case with the Rochelle salt. Friction of the interior of the vessel in which Fehling's solution is heated promotes the separation of cuprous oxide. The presence of ethyl alcohol only caused in concen- trated solutions a very slight precipitation of copper, but on the otherTECHNICAL CHEMISTRY. 1183 hand showed a, tendency to retard the reducing agency of dextrose. Glycerol, fats, and thymol gave no results whatever. Fifteen minutes' heating a t 70-73", or ten minutes' a t 75-80" was found to be sufficient for the reduction of copper in all the experiments.In concentrated solutions, a moderate increase of the soda in presence of a moderate amount of Rochelle salt increases the reducing power of dextrose with respect to copper ; the reverse of this, however, occurs in dilute solutions when the amount of Rochelle Ralt is small. A greater reduction of copper by a given quantity of dextrose occurs when there is a large excess of copper solution. In the examination of wines, the author recommends treatment with tartaric acid, then with sodium hydroxide and lead acetate, and finally decolorisation with animal charcoal. After this a rough experiment should be made to ascertain the amount of sugar present, the strength of Fehling's solution used in the final estimation to be fixed accordingly, by a reference to a table given in the original paper.J. K. C. Examination of Pressed Yeast. By E. GEISSLER (Chew. Centr., 1881, 158--159).-1n the examination of pressed yeast, the author recommends the determination of the yeast, in addition or instead of the determination of starch, ash, and moisture. To determine it, he stirs 3 or 4 grams of the sample in water, dilutes, and heats to com- plete coagulation, then a, few drops of hydrochloric acid are added, and heated until iodine no longer gives a blue with a drop of the fluid. The coagulated yeast is then washed by decantation, finally transferred to a tared filter-paper, dried, and weighed. The Action of Rennet under Various Conditions. Bg A. MAYER (Bid. Celztr., 1881, 485-491). hflzcence qf Temperature.-Milk curdles quickest at a temperature of 39"; a t 45" it will not curdle, and below 33" the change takes place but very slowly.Amount of Ferment.-The time of curdling is inversely proportional to the quantity of rennet. The addition of water to the milk retards the coagulation, and the character of the curd is also changed ; being naturally gelatinous, it becomes curdy when much water has been added. The natural curdling of milk by " souring " is not affected by dilution. Rich and thin milk curdle in equal times, other conditions being the same. Motion has no effect on the curdling, except that the curd is gela- tinous if the milk is undisturbed. A small amount of heat is evolved during the process of curdling. Milk from cows of various races, and ditferentlp fed, behaves dif- ferently with rennet. Milk coagulates with great difficulty if it has been previously heated to 75" ; and as this is the temperature at which milk albumin coagu- lates, the author shows that this cessation of coagulation is not due alone to the milk albumin, but also to the casein.Heat does not pre- vent milk from curdling with acids, and 1 per cent. of sodium chloride causes curdling to be more rapid, whereas with 4-10 per cent. it is F. L. T.11 84 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. slower. Boric acid has but little, whilst potash has much effect in rendering curdling more rapid. The greater the lapse of time after milking, the more rapid is the curdling. Feeble alkalinity, or heating to 66" destroys the action of rennet. Curdling is due to a definite chemical reaction whicb, when complet,e, renders tlie ferment inactive.Among plants, the flower leaves of the artichoke produce the same result as rennet. Bacteria are not necessary to the action of rennet, but, if present, they render it more rapid in its action. E. w, P. Milk Analysis. By K. PETER (Bied. Centr., 1881, 482).-It is shown that estimat,ions of the fat in samples of inilk may be very erroneous, as, after the milk has been much shaken by travelling, the upper portions in the vessels will contain more cream than the lower, the quantities being in one case 12.3 per cent. above and 2.5 per cent. below . E. W. P. Effect of Oxygen on the Quality of Butter. By L. B. ARNOLD (Bied. Centr., 1881, 199-200).- The experiment consisted in placing two portions of milk, each measuring 2 litres, in flasks of double that capacity, filling one flask with oxygen and another with carbonic anhydride, closing them with glass stoppers, and leaving them stand- ing for 48 hours at 17", at the end of which time the cream had completely separated, and the skim-milk was sour ; the latter was withdrawn by a syphon, and the flasks shaken to bring up the butter.I n the oxygen flask, the butter commenced to separate after 18 minutes, and was completely removed in 24 minutes ; in the carbonic anhydride flask, the butter did not appear till 28 minutes, and finished a t 35 minutes. The butter from the oxygen flask had a strong and agreeable aroma, whilst that from the carbonic anhydride flask was insipid and of an oily taste.Both samples were salted and put aside, the keep- ing property of the former being far superior to the latter. Other samples were allowed to set in the open air, and, both as regards flavour and keeping qualities, occupied an intermediate position between the oxygen and carbonic anhydride samples. The author concludes that the free access of pure air to the milk during the process of creaming is most essential to the production of the best qualities of butter. J. I?. Ripening of Cheese. By G. Musso and otliers (Bz'ed. C'eiitr., 1881, 201--203).-The quantity of water retained by fresh cheese after working and pressing, is considerable, and varies greatly; it depends, according to the authors, on the mechanical manipulation of tlie milk during and after coagulation. Milk which is agitated during the addition of the rennet and until the coagulum separates, when pressed will retain 45 per cent.of water ; the same milk, suffered to remain at rest during the process, will, after pressing, contain 79 per cent. of water, only removable by drying. The constituents of fresh coagulum of milk are enumerated as fat, albuminoid substances, milk-sugar, lactic acid, mineral snbstances, soluble and insoluble in water ; peptones, amides, ammonia, free and combined fatty acids. The first change which takes place in the freshly-made cheese is in theTECHBICAL CEEMISTRY. 1185 albuniinoid substances existing as a kind of double calcium and phos- phorus salt. The formation of organic acids withdraws a portion of the lime, forming compounds readily soluble in water, as may be proved from the quantity of calcium salts found in the aqueous extract of all kinds of ripe cheese.The true albumin does not appear t o diminish during the process of ripening. The author examines the process by which milk-sugar is formed: first by a sort of mucous fernientation ; the fluid which drops from Parmesan cheese is slimy, thick, and ropy ; secondly, by alcoholic fermentation, which is some- times perceived during the heat of summer; two samples of 500 grams each, of EL two days’ old cheese, contained 2.44 and 3.71 grams alcohol and 0.39 and 0.66 gram of acetic acid ; thirdly, through lactic and butyric fermentation. J. F. By K. PORTELE (Landw. 7ersuchs.-Stat., 27, 143-149) .-Salicylic acid cannot be directly estimated in milk if the quantity is less than 50 g.per hectolitre, but by evaporation of the milk to dryness and extraction with ether, the presence of still smaller quantities can be ascertained. Given along with fodder, it makes its reappearance shortly in the milk and urine, but disappears after some hours i n the former, not showing its presence again, although large quant’ities may be mixed wit,h the food. It does not act satisfactorily as a preservative of either milk or butter, giving them an unpleasant sweetish taste, increasing in strength until decomposition sets in. A weak solution painted over the surface of cheeses will however preserve them from the white mould often visible after they have been kept for a few months. Use of Salicylic Acid in the Dairy.J. K. C. A Cause of Alteration of Textile Fabrics. By BALLAUD (Compt. rend., 92, 462).-Some linen sheets, which had a slight brown colour, were noticed to have dark spots on them after washing in ordinary carbonate of soda. These spots partly disappeared on drying, and the stuff fell into holes a t the spots. The linen had been washed with dilute solution of sulphate of iron and then with lime. Oxide of iron was thus deposited in the tissue, and on coming into contact with the sulphides in the washing soda, sulphide of iron was formed, which then oxidised to sulphate. Calicoes dyed or printed by means of iron salts sometimes fall into holes by the alternate oxidation and reduction of the iron in the tissue. Use of Cadmium in Calico-printing. (DingZ. polyt.J., 241. 149.)-At the present time cadmiiim can be procured at, a moderate price, although hitherto i t has been too costly for profitable use in calico-printing. According to Jaquet, however, both clilorine and light act on cadmium-yellow. Schrnid employs cadmium nitrate, which is converted into the sulphide by treatment with sodium thio- sulphate. He obtains a steam-yellow with starch in the following manner :-1 litre water, 160 grams wheat-starch, and 40 grams burnt starch are boiled together and treated, whilst hot., with 350 grams sodium thiosulphate. When cold, 350 grams of finely-crushed cadmium nitrate are added. A better result is obtained when sodium thiosul- c. w. w.1186 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. phate is replaced by arsenious acid and sodium acetate, the latter forms the solvent for sulphur, and is said to better fix the cadmium- yellow.Jaquet mentions that chrome-yellow and chrome-orange in steaming resist the action of sulphuretted hydrogen perfectly when 30 to 40 grams cadmium nitrate and 10 to 20 grams sodium acetate are added to 1 litre of printing colour. Preparation of Aniline Black. By C. GLENCK (DingZ. polyt. J., 248, 234).-1n place of potassium chlorate, the chlorates of sodium and barium, although more costly, are now largely used, on account of their greater solubility in water, which enable's manufacturers to use larger quantities. Thus stronger solutions are obtained which do not deposit crystals of chlorates in the colour, and the formation of streaky colours is prevented. 1 litre water dissolves about 60 grams potassium chlorate, 275 barium chlorate, and 1000 sodium chlorate.Potassium chlorate contains 61.3 per cent. chloric acid, barium chlor- ate 49.5 per cent., and sodium chlorate 70.6 per cent. For the preparation of steamed aniline black, the use of barium chlorate is recommended. If, however, sulphates are present, sodium chlorate must be used in the preparation of colours, as the sulphate of barium Droduced weakens the lustre of the colours. and retards D. B. the printing process ; moreover, the stability of the colour is altered. D. B. New Observations in Tanning. By I(. SADLON (DingZ. p0Zyt. J., 240, 228--231).-The author mentions that the most important defect in tanning is that only two-thirds, and often only one-third, of the real tannin substance is utilised, whilst the remainder is wasted.The first condition necessary for effecting a rational extraction of the total tannin contained in the material used is the employment of an elevated temperature. Thus the cells of the material used are softened more quickly and perfectly, the diffusion is accelerated, and the solvent power of the water increased so that conbentrated solutions are obtained and larger proportions of the insoluble modification of the tannin dissolved. The only objection raised against hot extraction is that the colour of the leather Oanned with such extracts is always darker. However, this can be easily overcome by cooling the extract before the skins are introduced. It was found that on cooling to 18", large quantities of a yellowish-brown precipitate were deposited, con- sisting chiefly of the insoluble modification of tannin, oak phlobaphene, as in this case oak-bark had been used, but the same precipitate was obtained with other tannins.The author tried a series of experiments with a view of obtaining a solvent for this precipitate. Sodium borate was found to give the best results. By treating the tannin material with warm water containing 0.5 per cent. borax, a very strong extract is obtained, which, on cooling, no longer deposits any precipi- tate. Moreover, the durability of the extract is increased considerably, and the time required for tanning skins with this extract is greatly reduced. Fresh skins were treated with this extract, no shrink- ing was visible, the external and internal layers maintained their natural character, the skins remained soft, and the pores open.D. B.1178 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.T e c h n i c a1 Chemistry.Coloured Photographs. By J. ALBERT (Chem. Centr., 1881, 78).-The author takes three negatives of the object, taking care toexclude yellow, blue, and red rays in the three cases respectively. Thenegatives are taken off on chrome-gelatin films and print'ed in yellow,blue, and red respectively. Thus three pictures of all that is yellow,blue, or red in the object are obtained. If printed over each other onwhite paper all the colours of the original object are reproduced.I?. L. TTECHNICAL CHEMISTRY. 1179Changes of Photographs by prolonged Action of Light. ByJ. JANSSEN (Chem,.Centr., 1881, 159--160).--The author finds thatusing a gelatin silver bromide plate, the negative image which isformed by an exposure of & second is succeeded by a neutralsurface on which a positive image appears at the end of half to onesecond; on longer exposure this positive is succeeded by anotherneutral stage, and then a negative makes its appearance again.I?. L. T.Injurious Effect of Furnace-gases in the Forests of theUpper Harz. By REUSS (Uingl. poZyyt. J., 241, 285-291).-Thefollowing is a summary of the results and conclusions of this interest-ing investigation (comp. this vol., p. 1064).The study of the injurious effect of furnace-gases on forests is stillin its infancy, but it seems to be established that the gases areinjurious mainly on account of the presence of sulphurous acid.The leaves of all trees absorb a certain quantity of the sulphurousacid, which causes them to become unhealthy, and is followed by thedeath of separate leaves or branches, or by the complete death of thetree.Chemical analysis offers the best means of determining the presenceof furnace-gases in a district.The growt,h of trees in presence of furnace-gases is irregular andvariable, but sound strong-looking trees resist their action longer thansickly-looking trees.Deciduous trees, especially the oak, resist theaction of the gases better than coniferous trees.Trees requiring a humous soil rich in mineral constituents cannotflourish in soil impregnated with furnace-gases, the oak being theonly exception.Its cultivation in mininG districts is looked upon withgreat expectations. The transformation of forests consisting ofdiseased coniferous trees into forests with deciduous trees seemsfeasible in mining districts.Trees acted on by furnace-gases are not protected against injuriesreceived by insects.In order to preserve the soil and to maintain its fertility, great careshould be taken of it, and it should be kept as dry as possible.D. B.Air of Hospitals during Yellow Fever. By W. v. SLOETON(Chern. Centr., 1881, 78--79).-The author determined the free andalbumino'id ammonia in the air by Wanklyn, Chapman, and Smith'sprocess. From these analyses, it is shown that the air during the epi-demic was laden with albuminojid ammonia, the abnormal amountdisappearing with the fever.Destruction of Microscopic Animals in Potable Water.ByLANGFELDT (Chem. Clem%., 1881,7&75).-The author, in seeking for asubstance which would kill the living organisms without injuring thewater for drinking purposes, found that citric acid ($ gram per litreof the water) killed all except CycZops and those with thick epidermiswithin two minutes. F. L. T.F. L. T1180 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.Production of Magnesia. (Clzem. News, 44, 76.)-Magnesiumchloride solution is treated with burnt dolomite. The chlorinecombines with the calcium in the dolomite, and in this way magnesiaof 98 to 994 per cent. can be obtained on the large scale without anydifficulty. Magnesia bricks prepared with it resist even the oxy-hydrogen flame.I n order to separate the sulphate contained in thecrude magnesium chloride, calcium chloride is added, and the calciumsulphate thus thrown down is used by paper makers. Magnesia pre-pared by the above process costs about 15s. per ton. C. H. B.Magnesia Industry. By T. SCHLCMING (Compt. rend., 93, 276-278).-The author proposes to extract magnesium salts from the seainstead of from the saline lakes. The method is as follows:-Mag-nesia is precipitated from the sea-water by lime, and the gelatinousprecipitate obtained is left to settle in large tanks; the clearliquid is decanted off, and the white mud left is converted into thetribasic phosphate by the addition of a calculated quantity of dilutephosphoric acid.The phosphate is allowed to settle, filtered, andconverted by the ammonia of sewage into the insoluble ammoniummagnesium phosphate. This latter change is based on the fact thatthe ammonia of sewage, combined with various fixed and volatileacids, in the presence of tribasic phosphoric acid, exchanges one of theequivalents of magnesium for ammonium, whereby the ammonium-magnesium precipitate is formed. This new industry would requirethe extraction of phosphoric acid from mineral phosphates in theimmediate neighbourhood, and the author suggests the working up ofhuman refuse for the extraction of the phosphoric acid. The tribasicmagnesium phosphate is not, however, pure, for the original magnesiamud contains 8 per cent. of lime-salts a i d the phosphoric acid is con-tnminat.ed with alumina and oxide of iron.The author considers that among the applications of this proposedmagnesia inaustry will be the manufacture of superphosphates foragricultural purposes, which hitherto have been almost exclusivelyimported from England.V. H. V.On Cement (Dingl. yo@. J., 241, 309; see also this vol.,p. 1088.)-Schumann has investigated the behaviour of mortar andstone used for building purposes when exposed to the combined actionof moisture and air. He found that all cements, if allowed to hardenin water, increase in volume, the largest increase being in the firstperiod of the settling. It is larger with newly prepared cement, andsmaller with finely ground cement ; it is increased when gypsum isadded to cement, and decreased when sand is used.As to the actionof water and air on stones used for building purposes it is shown thatthey expand in water, and contract again when dried in the air.The variations in volume decrease with the greater porosity of thestmes. Schumann has experimented with a large number of cementsand stones, his results leading him to conclude that the changesreferred to in the above are too slight to be of any consequence inpractice.Feege mentions that concrete can be exposed to a temperature oTECHNICAL CHEMISTRY. 1181130-150” without influencing its bearing property ; however thisappears to be the limit. At higher temperatures it loses its firmnessand becomes brittle.From a number of trials made by Schumann on the preparation ofmortar, it was found that all cements give the same yield of mortar nomatter whether used in the form of a fine or coarse powder or burntslightly or strongly ; he therefore recommends weighing the quantityof cement t o be employed instead of measuring it, as is usually thecase.When it isused €or foundations, all excavations should be kept as dry as possibleduring the actual process of concreting. Busing and Dyckerhoff, onthe other hand, strongly recommend concreting in water. Apartfrom the fact that to keep laisge excavations dry for any length of timeentails a considerable expense, they show that many large undertakingshave been carried out successfully when the concrete was laid inwater. D.B.Delbriick objects t o prepare concrete under water.Composition of some Cements. (Clem. Centr., 1881, 15).-1.To fill damaged places in castings : 1 part of tar, 1 part rosin arefused together and iron filings stirred in until the mass becomes stiff,it is then allowed to cool. 2. 100 parts rust-free cast-iron boringsand turnings are well mixed dry with 1 part coarsely powdered am-monium chloride, and moistened with urine or salt water. No moreshould be moistened than can be used within an hour. F. L. T.Explosion of Petroleum and other Combustible Liquids.By R. WEBER (Dingl. poZyt. J., 241, 277--285).--The author hasinvestigated the causes of explosions resulting from the products ofthe distillation of mineral naphtha when used for burning purposes.These products are knawn as “ gasoline,” “ benzoline,” ‘‘ ligroin,” and‘‘ lubricating oil.” Some of these are highly inflammable on accountof their volatility, %L mixture of the vapour with air in certain propor-tions being very explosive, and accidents have occurred from time totime with fatal consequences.The author’s experiments were madewith a view of ascertaining the conditions which were most favour-able in preventing these dangerous occurrences. Mixtures of air andcarefully prepared gasoline were introduced in various proportionsinto wide-necked bottles holding 350 c.c., fitted with corks providedwith wires. The bottles were kept at definite temperatures for twentyminutes, during which period they were shaken at intervals. Anelectric spark was then passed through the wires into the bottles. Itwas found that a mixture prepared with three drops of gasoline pro-duced the most violent explosion, and that as the quantity of this wasincreased, so the explosive power of the mixture decreased.With sixdrops of gasoline no explosion ensued. When larger quantities areused the combustion is less perfect, hence the reaction is still weaker, acircumstance which is attributed to the fact that larger quantities ofcarbonic oxide gas are produced, and that the formation of this gasmaterially decreases the evolution of heat. Similar experiments weremade with carbon bisulphide, the maximum effects being obtainedwith four drops, ten times this amount being required to produce 1152 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.non-explosive mixture.In the case of benzene, two drops gave aviolent reaction, four drops gave no explosion. Ether produces a veryexplosive mixture when four drops are used ; with eight drops noexplosion takes place. Alcohol gives the maximum effect with five orsix drops, but as it is less volatile than ether or benzene it is necessaryto heat it. At 30" the explosive action is at its highest, and isreduced both by increasing the temperature-when the gaseous mix-ture becomes saturated-and by decreasing the temperature when thequantity of vapour given off is not small. D. B.Formula for Calculating the Quantity of Water Added toDiluted Spirit. By A. ASHBP (Analyst, 1881, 1-2).-By using thefollowing formula in conjunction with Hehner's and Stevenson'salcohol tables, the exact quantity of water which must be added tospirit of a given strength to reduce it to any other use may be found.If x: = the rolume of water to be added t o 100 parts of spirit thenthe total volume is 100 + o.and (100 + z) : 100 : : per cent. ofalcohol by volume at present strength : per cent. of alcohol by volumeat required strength,per cent. of alcohol by vol. at present strength x 100per cent. of alcohol at required strength. x = - 100.By substituting percentage of alcohol by weight for that by volume,the weight of water to be added may be ascertained.L. T. 0's.Analyses of Wine and Must. By R. ULBRICHT (Landw.Versuc1ts.-Stat., 27, 76-100, continued from Cliem. SOC. J., 1880,Abst., 586).-In the estimation of sugar, great caution must be observedthat all the experiments are exactly alike in the smallest details, inorder to obtain comparable and accurate results.Concentration ofthe sugar solution, absence of sulphur and bodies yielding ammoniaon decomposition, temperature of the liquids, &c., are all points de-manding careful attention. In endeavouring on these lines to obt;aina satisfactory met,hod for the estimation of sugar in must and wine,the author found himself at the outset confronted by several problemsstill requiring solution. Having prepared a B'ehling's solution, thequestion arose as t o how its stability was influenced by temperature,dilution, and difference of composition ; 68 experiments on this ques-tion were made, and it was found that no copper oxide separated fromthe solution when diluted to any extent and boiled for ten minutes,if the proportions were those recommended by Fehling, except whenthe amount of copper present was small, in which cases reductionmight be prevented by the use of comparatively larger quantities ofRochelle salt and sodium hydroxide, or by keeping the temperaturebelow 80" C.The smaller the amount of sodium hydroxide present,the greater is the tendency of copper to precipitate, and this is alsothe case with the Rochelle salt. Friction of the interior of the vesselin which Fehling's solution is heated promotes the separation ofcuprous oxide. The presence of ethyl alcohol only caused in concen-trated solutions a very slight precipitation of copper, but on the otheTECHNICAL CHEMISTRY.1183hand showed a, tendency to retard the reducing agency of dextrose.Glycerol, fats, and thymol gave no results whatever. Fifteenminutes' heating a t 70-73", or ten minutes' a t 75-80" was foundto be sufficient for the reduction of copper in all the experiments. Inconcentrated solutions, a moderate increase of the soda in presence ofa moderate amount of Rochelle salt increases the reducing power ofdextrose with respect to copper ; the reverse of this, however, occursin dilute solutions when the amount of Rochelle Ralt is small. Agreater reduction of copper by a given quantity of dextrose occurswhen there is a large excess of copper solution.In the examination of wines, the author recommends treatmentwith tartaric acid, then with sodium hydroxide and lead acetate, andfinally decolorisation with animal charcoal.After this a roughexperiment should be made to ascertain the amount of sugar present,the strength of Fehling's solution used in the final estimation to befixed accordingly, by a reference to a table given in the originalpaper. J. K. C.Examination of Pressed Yeast. By E. GEISSLER (Chew. Centr.,1881, 158--159).-1n the examination of pressed yeast, the authorrecommends the determination of the yeast, in addition or instead ofthe determination of starch, ash, and moisture. To determine it, hestirs 3 or 4 grams of the sample in water, dilutes, and heats to com-plete coagulation, then a, few drops of hydrochloric acid are added,and heated until iodine no longer gives a blue with a drop of thefluid. The coagulated yeast is then washed by decantation, finallytransferred to a tared filter-paper, dried, and weighed.The Action of Rennet under Various Conditions.Bg A.MAYER (Bid. Celztr., 1881, 485-491).hflzcence qf Temperature.-Milk curdles quickest at a temperatureof 39"; a t 45" it will not curdle, and below 33" the change takes placebut very slowly.Amount of Ferment.-The time of curdling is inversely proportionalto the quantity of rennet. The addition of water to the milk retardsthe coagulation, and the character of the curd is also changed ; beingnaturally gelatinous, it becomes curdy when much water has beenadded. The natural curdling of milk by " souring " is not affected bydilution.Rich and thin milk curdle in equal times, other conditionsbeing the same.Motion has no effect on the curdling, except that the curd is gela-tinous if the milk is undisturbed. A small amount of heat is evolvedduring the process of curdling.Milk from cows of various races, and ditferentlp fed, behaves dif-ferently with rennet.Milk coagulates with great difficulty if it has been previously heatedto 75" ; and as this is the temperature at which milk albumin coagu-lates, the author shows that this cessation of coagulation is not duealone to the milk albumin, but also to the casein. Heat does not pre-vent milk from curdling with acids, and 1 per cent. of sodium chloridecauses curdling to be more rapid, whereas with 4-10 per cent. it isF.L. T11 84 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.slower. Boric acid has but little, whilst potash has much effect inrendering curdling more rapid. The greater the lapse of time aftermilking, the more rapid is the curdling. Feeble alkalinity, or heatingto 66" destroys the action of rennet. Curdling is due to a definitechemical reaction whicb, when complet,e, renders tlie ferment inactive.Among plants, the flower leaves of the artichoke produce the sameresult as rennet. Bacteria are not necessary to the action of rennet,but, if present, they render it more rapid in its action.E. w, P.Milk Analysis. By K. PETER (Bied. Centr., 1881, 482).-It isshown that estimat,ions of the fat in samples of inilk may be veryerroneous, as, after the milk has been much shaken by travelling, theupper portions in the vessels will contain more cream than the lower,the quantities being in one case 12.3 per cent.above and 2.5 per cent.below . E. W. P.Effect of Oxygen on the Quality of Butter. By L. B. ARNOLD(Bied. Centr., 1881, 199-200).- The experiment consisted in placingtwo portions of milk, each measuring 2 litres, in flasks of double thatcapacity, filling one flask with oxygen and another with carbonicanhydride, closing them with glass stoppers, and leaving them stand-ing for 48 hours at 17", at the end of which time the cream hadcompletely separated, and the skim-milk was sour ; the latter waswithdrawn by a syphon, and the flasks shaken to bring up the butter.I n the oxygen flask, the butter commenced to separate after 18 minutes,and was completely removed in 24 minutes ; in the carbonic anhydrideflask, the butter did not appear till 28 minutes, and finished a t 35minutes.The butter from the oxygen flask had a strong and agreeablearoma, whilst that from the carbonic anhydride flask was insipid andof an oily taste. Both samples were salted and put aside, the keep-ing property of the former being far superior to the latter. Othersamples were allowed to set in the open air, and, both as regardsflavour and keeping qualities, occupied an intermediate positionbetween the oxygen and carbonic anhydride samples.The author concludes that the free access of pure air to the milkduring the process of creaming is most essential to the production ofthe best qualities of butter.J. I?.Ripening of Cheese. By G. Musso and otliers (Bz'ed. C'eiitr.,1881, 201--203).-The quantity of water retained by fresh cheeseafter working and pressing, is considerable, and varies greatly; itdepends, according to the authors, on the mechanical manipulation oftlie milk during and after coagulation. Milk which is agitated duringthe addition of the rennet and until the coagulum separates, whenpressed will retain 45 per cent. of water ; the same milk, suffered toremain at rest during the process, will, after pressing, contain 79 percent. of water, only removable by drying. The constituents of freshcoagulum of milk are enumerated as fat, albuminoid substances,milk-sugar, lactic acid, mineral snbstances, soluble and insoluble inwater ; peptones, amides, ammonia, free and combined fatty acids.The first change which takes place in the freshly-made cheese is in thTECHBICAL CEEMISTRY. 1185albuniinoid substances existing as a kind of double calcium and phos-phorus salt.The formation of organic acids withdraws a portion ofthe lime, forming compounds readily soluble in water, as may beproved from the quantity of calcium salts found in the aqueousextract of all kinds of ripe cheese. The true albumin does not appeart o diminish during the process of ripening. The author examines theprocess by which milk-sugar is formed: first by a sort of mucousfernientation ; the fluid which drops from Parmesan cheese is slimy,thick, and ropy ; secondly, by alcoholic fermentation, which is some-times perceived during the heat of summer; two samples of 500 gramseach, of EL two days’ old cheese, contained 2.44 and 3.71 grams alcoholand 0.39 and 0.66 gram of acetic acid ; thirdly, through lactic andbutyric fermentation. J.F.By K. PORTELE (Landw.7ersuchs.-Stat., 27, 143-149) .-Salicylic acid cannot be directlyestimated in milk if the quantity is less than 50 g. per hectolitre,but by evaporation of the milk to dryness and extraction withether, the presence of still smaller quantities can be ascertained. Givenalong with fodder, it makes its reappearance shortly in the milk andurine, but disappears after some hours i n the former, not showing itspresence again, although large quant’ities may be mixed wit,h the food.It does not act satisfactorily as a preservative of either milk or butter,giving them an unpleasant sweetish taste, increasing in strength untildecomposition sets in.A weak solution painted over the surfaceof cheeses will however preserve them from the white mould oftenvisible after they have been kept for a few months.Use of Salicylic Acid in the Dairy.J. K. C.A Cause of Alteration of Textile Fabrics. By BALLAUD (Compt.rend., 92, 462).-Some linen sheets, which had a slight brown colour,were noticed to have dark spots on them after washing in ordinarycarbonate of soda. These spots partly disappeared on drying, and thestuff fell into holes a t the spots.The linen had been washed with dilute solution of sulphate of ironand then with lime.Oxide of iron was thus deposited in the tissue,and on coming into contact with the sulphides in the washing soda,sulphide of iron was formed, which then oxidised to sulphate.Calicoes dyed or printed by means of iron salts sometimes fall intoholes by the alternate oxidation and reduction of the iron in the tissue.Use of Cadmium in Calico-printing. (DingZ. polyt. J., 241.149.)-At the present time cadmiiim can be procured at, a moderateprice, although hitherto i t has been too costly for profitable use incalico-printing. According to Jaquet, however, both clilorine andlight act on cadmium-yellow. Schrnid employs cadmium nitrate,which is converted into the sulphide by treatment with sodium thio-sulphate. He obtains a steam-yellow with starch in the followingmanner :-1 litre water, 160 grams wheat-starch, and 40 grams burntstarch are boiled together and treated, whilst hot., with 350 gramssodium thiosulphate.When cold, 350 grams of finely-crushed cadmiumnitrate are added. A better result is obtained when sodium thiosul-c. w. w1186 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS.phate is replaced by arsenious acid and sodium acetate, the latterforms the solvent for sulphur, and is said to better fix the cadmium-yellow. Jaquet mentions that chrome-yellow and chrome-orange insteaming resist the action of sulphuretted hydrogen perfectly when30 to 40 grams cadmium nitrate and 10 to 20 grams sodium acetateare added to 1 litre of printing colour.Preparation of Aniline Black.By C. GLENCK (DingZ. polyt. J.,248, 234).-1n place of potassium chlorate, the chlorates of sodiumand barium, although more costly, are now largely used, on accountof their greater solubility in water, which enable's manufacturersto use larger quantities. Thus stronger solutions are obtained whichdo not deposit crystals of chlorates in the colour, and the formation ofstreaky colours is prevented. 1 litre water dissolves about 60 gramspotassium chlorate, 275 barium chlorate, and 1000 sodium chlorate.Potassium chlorate contains 61.3 per cent. chloric acid, barium chlor-ate 49.5 per cent., and sodium chlorate 70.6 per cent.For the preparation of steamed aniline black, the use of bariumchlorate is recommended. If, however, sulphates are present, sodiumchlorate must be used in the preparation of colours, as the sulphateof barium Droduced weakens the lustre of the colours. and retardsD. B.the printing process ; moreover, the stability of the colour is altered.D. B.New Observations in Tanning. By I(. SADLON (DingZ. p0Zyt. J.,240, 228--231).-The author mentions that the most importantdefect in tanning is that only two-thirds, and often only one-third, ofthe real tannin substance is utilised, whilst the remainder is wasted.The first condition necessary for effecting a rational extraction of thetotal tannin contained in the material used is the employment of anelevated temperature. Thus the cells of the material used are softenedmore quickly and perfectly, the diffusion is accelerated, and thesolvent power of the water increased so that conbentrated solutions areobtained and larger proportions of the insoluble modification of thetannin dissolved. The only objection raised against hot extraction isthat the colour of the leather Oanned with such extracts is alwaysdarker. However, this can be easily overcome by cooling the extractbefore the skins are introduced. It was found that on cooling to 18",large quantities of a yellowish-brown precipitate were deposited, con-sisting chiefly of the insoluble modification of tannin, oak phlobaphene,as in this case oak-bark had been used, but the same precipitate wasobtained with other tannins. The author tried a series of experimentswith a view of obtaining a solvent for this precipitate. Sodiumborate was found to give the best results. By treating the tanninmaterial with warm water containing 0.5 per cent. borax, a very strongextract is obtained, which, on cooling, no longer deposits any precipi-tate. Moreover, the durability of the extract is increased considerably,and the time required for tanning skins with this extract is greatlyreduced. Fresh skins were treated with this extract, no shrink-ing was visible, the external and internal layers maintained theirnatural character, the skins remained soft, and the pores open.D. B

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001178

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

INDEX OF AUTHORS' NAMES.ABSTRACTS. 1881.A.Abel, F. A., colliery explosions, 948.Abel. See also Noble.Abney, W. d e W., note on the spec-trum of sodium, 957.-- on the photographic method ofmapping the least refrangible end ofthe solar spectrum, with a map of thesolar spectrum from '7,600 to 10,750,957. -_ spectrum of sodium, 862.Abney, W. d e W., and R. Ii'esting,influence of the molecular groupingin organic bodies on their absorp-tion in the infra-red region of thespectrum, 487,957.Adam. See Gririiaux.Adams, F. D., analyses of the water ofAssiniboine and Red Rivers, Canada,562.Ai t k en, J., relations between dust, fog,and clouds, 970.Albert, E. and H.,preparation of phos-phates, 950.A 1 be r t, J., coloured photographs,1178.Albert, H., and Siegfried, manuringcress with dicslcium phosphate on soilfree from humus, 462.Albert, H., and R.Wagner, behaviourof phosphates in water charged withcarbonic acid, 117.Alexej eff, W., diazo -compounds,262. - heat phenomena of the solution ofalcohols in water and of water inalcohols, 9.723.319.800.VOL. XL.- liquid camphor, 438. - preparation of pure phenol,Allary, E., analyses of marine algac,- purification of carbon bisulphide,Allary, E., and J. Pellieux, extrac-tion of potassium iodide from kelp,319.Allary. See also Pellieux.Alldred, C. H., treatment of mineraland other substances containing smallquantities of calcium phosphate,665.A1 1 en, A. H., isolation of strychnine,1176. - notes on petroleum spirit and alliedliquids, 651.- specific rotatory poser of cane- andinvert-sugar, 653.Allen, C. L., incandescence of cupricantimonate when heated strongly,513.Allen, H. v., J'ibumum prunvolium.104.Allen, 0. D., and W. J. Cornstock,bastnasite ard tysonite from Colorado,364.A l l e r t , R., derivatives of metachloro-nitrobenzene and orthochlorobenzene-enlphonic a id, 902.Allihn, F., conversion of starch intosugar by the action of dilute sulphuricacid at high temperatures, 14.9.- grape-sugar from starch, 770.Amagat, E. H., action of oxygen onmercury a t the ordinary temperature,1107. - compressibility of carbonic anhy-dride and of air under low pressuresand a t high temperatures, 1094.__. compressibility of oxygen, 782.- dilatation and compressibility ofgas under high pressures, 12.Am r n on, G., permeability of soils toair, 302.Andoynaud, A., and B. Chauzit,peymeation of water through the soil,1071.Andr 8, strontium and barium oxychlo-rides, 97'3.Andr easch, R., carbamidacetosulpho-nic acid, 257.4 118s INDEX OFA n d r e a s c h , R., synthesis of metliyl-parabanic and methglthioparabanicacids and of cholestrophane, 896.A n d r e s e n, M., thyllzoquinonedic~~lori-niide, 590.An drews, L. W., broniorthamidopara-benzenesulphonic acid, 174.- brc )mart honitrobenzenesulphonicacids, 174.-4 nclrews. See also H i l l .il ti g e l b i s, C., the picrites of Nassau,mid the labradorite porphyries ofIYestphalia, 387.A n s ch u t z, R., decomposition of citricacid by distillation, 35.A n s c h u t z , R., and W.Petri,itaconicanhydride, 35.Anschiitz. See also KekulB.A n t w e i l e r . See C l a i s e n .A n t z , C., and E. E r l e n m e y e r , actionof ammonium citrate on phosphates,847.A T a t a, P. M., chemical examination ofPersea Lingue and its tannin, 600.- quebracliitannic acid, 1 152. - supposed identity of paytine andaspidospermine, 622.A r i n ~ t r o n g , G. F., diurnal variationof carbonic anhydride in the air,97 4.A r n i s t r o n g , R . E.,andW.A. T i l d e n ,remarks on Kolbe’s discovery of a uewcrmene in light rosin oils, 40.A r n o l d , A. E., note on a crystallisedslag isoinorplious mith olivine, 1016.d r n o l d, C., Fehling’s solution, 942.A r n o l d .J. 0.. estimation of chromiumin iron and steel, 646. - estimation of phosphorus in steel,646.A r n o l d , L. B., effect of oxygen on thequality of butter, 1184.A r o n s t e i n , L., action of ethyl bromideon ethyl bromacetate, 576. - conversion of normal into isopropylbromide by heat, 567.A r o n s t e i n , L.,anci J. M. A. K r a m p s ,action of methyl iodide on metliyliodacetate, 576.A r x, J. v., a- and P-naphthyleiie-phe~iy-lene oxides, 282.A r z r u n i, A., coquinibite, 397.A s h b y , A., formulae for calculating thequantity of water added to dilutedspirit, 1182.Atkiiisoii, R. W., diastase of Koji,1059.A t t w o o d , G., a contribution to 5.American geologv, 390.A u b i n .See M u n t z .8 ) r t o n . See Ferry.AUTHORS.B.Babcock, S. M., celestine from theNnschelkalk of Juhnde, near Gottin-gen, 524.B a c h m e y e r , W., tannic acid as alka-limetric indicator, 946.B a d e n h a u s e n.Batcke. See Claus.B a e p e r, A , preparation of skatole f rornindigo, 278. - relation of ciiinamic acid to theindigo group, 274.B a k e r , A. L., amount of water of crys-tallisat ion of hydrated nitrate ofstrontium, 509. - analysis of a ferruginous mineralfrom Aniliurst Co., Va., 554.- artificial production of livingstonite,51’7.B allan t, P7~j/toZacca dioi‘cn, 1151.I3 a 11 a 11 d, a cause of alteration of textileB i ~ l l o , M., a new property of camphor,- isobntylallylmxlonic acid, 415. - oxidation-products of camphor,Balsohn.See F r i c d e l .B a m b e r g e r , E., gnanylt1:iocarbnmideand some guanylguanidines, 43.B annow, A., an isomeric potassiumcyanate, 144.B a r b a g 1 i a, G. A., thiovaleraldehyde,34.B a r b a g l i a , G. A., and P. G u c c i ,action of chlorine on diisopropylke-tone, 34.-- action of heat on sodiumhydrogen sulphite, 224..-- dry distillation of calciumisobutyrate, 35.B a r b i e r i . See Schitlze.B a r d y , C., assay of wood-spirit for thepreparation of met h j late d spirit,1174.- wood-spirit for making methylatedspirit, 91.2.B a r t h , L., and J. H e r z i g , mesityleire-sulphonic acid, 733.B a r t h , L., and M. K r e t s c h y , picro-toxin, 286.B a u d r i m o n t, E., analysis of bismuthsubnitrate, 196.B a u d r o w s k i , E., potassium propargy-late, 239.B a u e r , 9., and M.G r i j g e r , new acidof the C,lH2,,.-406 series, 894.B a u e r, M., barsonite, 375.- kjerulfin, 366. - parallel junction of different rarie-See D a n i 1 e w s k i.fabrics, 1185.438.438.ties of epidote, 370INDEX OF AUTHORS. 1189X u u m e r t, G., lupinine, 831.Eaumhauer, H., note on mica, espe-- perowskite, 338.Ilaumhauer, H., and E. M a l l a r d ,1J nu M h a u e r, R., arti6cial calcspar13 aur, J., Hydrangea arborescens,B a u r . See also Meyer.1j n y l e y, T., preparation of potassiumhydrogen saccliarate, 580.B 6 cham p, A., formation of chloroformfrom alcohol and bleaching powder,566.cially zinnwaldite, 692.boracite, 397.twins, 397.916.- -&cose, 1024.BQchamp, J., presence of alcohol inthe animal tissues, 928.Becke, F., hgperstliene from Boden-mais, 539.- twin formation and optical proper-ties of chabasite, 398.Becker, A., optical rotatory power ofasparagine and aspartic acid in dif-ferent solvents, 801.Eecker. See also Michaelis.Beck h use n, H., results of fatteningd o e s with skimmed milk, 297.3 e c l i i i r t s , H., and R. O t t o , action ofheat and water on the halogen sabsti-tuted acids of the C,'H2,02 series,574.B e c k u r t s . See also O t t o .B e c q u e r e l , H., specific magnetism ofozone, 340.Uccquerel, E. and H., temperature ofthe soil under snow, 934.B e d a l l , K., and 0. F i s c h e r , hydroxy-quinoline, 613.B e e t z, W., elasticity and electric con-ductivity, 776.- the strict meaning of galvanicpolarisation, 490.Uehrend, R..action of sulphuryl chlo-ride on dimethylamine, 716.B e i l s t e i n , P., and A. I<ul.batow,Caucasian petroleum, 159, 1020. -- hydrocarbons from Americanpetroleum, 159. -- oxidation of a- and P-dinitro-naplitlialene by nitric acid, 435.BCk&toff, combinntionof sodium oxidew ith carbonic anhydride and action ofsodium on nicrcuric oxide, 348.Be 1 e t z k y, decoiriposition of phospho-rite by peat, 457.B e l l a t i , M., and R. Romanese, ther-inic properties of some double iodidcs,217.B c 1 o h ou b e k, analysis of Bohemiantea, 131.B e 1 o h o u b e k, anal-yses of commercialart,icles in Austria, 941.BBnard and J.G i r a r d i n , estimationof glnt,en in flour, 1177.Bender, G., action of ethyl chlorocar-bonate on phenols, 48.B e n e d i k t , It., and A. v. H i i b l ,dinitro- and trinitro - rcsorcinol,1132.B e n e d i k t . See also Weselsky.Benker. See Lasne.Benoist. See Miquel.B e r g e r , F., action of acetamide onphenyl cyanamide, 810.Bergmann, A, Tieinann's process forthe manufacture of butter and cheese,952.B e r n h e i m e r , O., organic nitroprus-sides, 883. - products from the roasting ofcoffee, 287.B e r n t h s e n , A., composition of sodiumhSposulphite, 508, 976.- use of sodium hjposulphite,Na2S02, in the estimation of copper,of indigo, and of oxygen dissolved inwater, 310.B e r n t h s e n , A., and A.Drews, titra-tion of hyposulpliite with indigo car-mine, 31 0.B e r t h e l o t , action of the hydracid~on salts containing the same halo'idelements, E68.- atacamite, 7 . - chlornl alcoholate, 675.- contributions t o the history of f.he- cuprous chloride, 6.- ethyl peroxide, 709.- ethjlene clilorh~drin, 88'7.- glycollic ether and ethylene oxides,967. - heat of formation of sulphur oxides,tii3. - heat of vaporisation of sulphuricanhydride, 876.- heats of formation of the oxides ofnitrogen and of sulphur, 6. - hydrochlorides of metallic chloridesand the rcduct,ion of chlorides by hy-drogen, 8'77.- magnetic oxide of i r m , 219.- part played by time in the forma-- preparation of chlorin~, 22.- reciprocal dieplacclments of :hehalogen elements, 5 , 342.- reciprocnl displacement of thehydracids, 869.-- remarks on the prcpert,ies ofTapours of chlorinated organic com-pounds, 470.et,hers, 8.tion of salts, 344.4 / 1190 INDEX OF AUTHORS.B e r t h e 1 o t, solution of chlorine i nwater, 784. - specihc heat and heat of dilutionof perchloric acid, 1098.- spontaneous oxidation of mercuiyand other metals, 791. - stability of hydrogen peroxide, 16. - the saccliaroses, 567. - thermal formdtion of pyrogenic- thermochemistry, 8. - tliermochemistry of certain halo’idsalts, 219.B e r t h e l o t and J. Ogier, heat of for-mation of diallyl chlorinated com-pounds and aldehyde, 674. -- heat of formation of variouscarbon compounds, 870.-- researches on isomerism : ben-zene and dipropargyl, 719.B e r t h e l o t and V i e i l l e , diazobenzenenitrate, 809.-- heat of formation of potas-sium perchlorate, 1093. -- study of the explosive pro-perties of niercury fulminate, 77!+.B e r t r a n d , -4.) combination of t,itaniumtetrachloride and benzoic chloride, 273. - combination of titanium tetra-vhloride with ethyl ether, 240. - combination of titanium tetra-chloride with phosphorus trichloride,347. - reduction of ethyl nitrate by alco-hol, 242.B e r t r a n d , A., and E. Finot,, actionof ant iinoriy pentachloride on carbonbisulplii le, 238.B e r t r a 11 d, E., andalusite from Brazil,25.B e r t r a n d , E., and A. E. Nordens-k i o l d .thaunxrsite and meldnophlo-gite, 1000.hydrocarbons, 343.B e r t r a n d . See also R i c h a r d .Bcrwerth, F., ntyhrite and bowenitefrom New Zealnnd, 377.B e t t el, W., determination of bapiccinder and oxides in manufacturediron, 6 18.Bevan, E. T., and C. F. Cross, bastfibre?, 111, 1121.Beyer, B , some derivatives of iso-phthalic acid, 96.Bieft.1, R., and T. Poleck, poisoningby choke-dump and coal-gas, 853.Bing, J., occurrence and ( stinlation ofnitrates in some vegetable substances,122.B i r n b a u m , K., analyses uf glutenbread, 67.B i r n b a u m , K., and (3. L u r i e , actionof resorcinol on urea, 95.B i r n e r, effect of the moisture in soilson the jield of potatoes, 1066.B i r n e r and Brimmer, researches onthe changes occurring in stable manurewhen kept, 937.Bischoff, A., and M.G u t h z e i t , 8-methvlethmyltric.arboxylic acid, 579.Bisclioff, C., homologues of aceto-propionic acid, 412.Bischoff, C. A., synthesis of tri- andtetra-basic Cxtty acids, 155.B i z z a r r i . See: Campani.Blake, J., relation between the mole-cular properties of inorganic corn-pounds and their action on livinganimal organisms, 629.Blake, W. P., occurrence of cinnabarin California and Nevada, 689.Rlankenhorn. See Gamgee.B l e u n a r d , A., leguniin, 449.- products of the decomposition ofprotern compotinds, 1047.B l o m s t r a n d , C. W., arrtolite, a mint:-ral from Spitzbergen, 1006.B l o n d l o t , R., electric conductivity ofheated gases, 671.B l y t l i , A.W., estimation of quinine,1176.Bock. See Claus.Bodaszewsky, L. J., smoke andvapour under the microscope, 505.B o d en ben d e r , H., and others, analysesof beet-molasses, 1089.Bockmann, F., CelluloFd, 481.B o d e k c r , K., lpcopodine, 1158.B o h m, J., pressure in plant stems, 60.B o h r i n g e r . See F o r s t .13 o s l e r , cuminoi‘n and aniso’;n, 421.B o t t i n g e r, C., behariour of glyoxyliv- constitution of aniluvitonic acid,- constitution of iivitonic acid, 173.- decomposition of mesoxalic acid,- dimethyl a-oxyuvitate, 278. - et.liy1 pyroracemate. 418.- formation of pyrrdine, 614. - formation of uvic (pyrotritartaric)a d , 155.- introduction of aromatic hpdro-carhons into ketonic and aldehydicacids, 1035.acid w.ith potash, 155.278.415.- oxyet hylidenesuccinic acid, 254. - preparation of a-hydrosguvitic- pyroraccmic wid compounds, 1032.- sugar from the taniiin of the oak- synthesis of qu;noline, 182.- synthetic picolinemonocarboxylirand pyridenecarboxylic acids, 612..acid, 172.bark, 1021INDEX OF 4UTHORS. 1191R ii t t, i n g e r, C., synthetical pyridene-tricarboxylic acid, 181.-- tartrortic acid, 714.Bogomoletz, action of zinc-methyl onchloracetic chloride, 401.B o i s b a u d r a n , L. de, anhydrousgallium chlorides, 1103.I l o l t o n , 11. C., action of organic acidson mined*, 62, 6482.Boner. See Meycr.liong, G., residue from the manufac-ture of paraffin oil from schists, 208.B o n n i e r .Fee Tieghem.11 o r d e t , L., cork tar, 1040.B o r n t r a g e r , A., detection of salicylic- urine after administration of qui-B o r n t r l g e r . See also Kulz.Xorodin, A., action of nitric acid ondeoxyhtwzofn, 813.v. B o r r i e s, C., composition of milkfrom the same cow on consecutivedays, 762.B o r s i 1 o w s k y, J., azo-deri vatives oftoluene, 432.B o t t l e r . See Claus.Hottomley, J. T., on the thermal con-Bouchardut, G., action of sulphuricB o u c h a r d a t . See also R i c h e t .Uoucheron, M., abnormal presence ofuric acid in the saliva, gastric juice,and other secretions, 1161.B o u n g u 6, electrolysis of formic andmellic acids, 798.Bourgeois, L., preparation of crys-ttlllised chromntes, 352.Eourgoin, E., action of bromine onmalonic acid, 155.B o u s a i n g a u l t , J., dissociation of nitricacid by vegetation, 836.- rapid alcoholic fermentation, 652.- saccharine matters in the fruit of- the hot spring of the littoral chainl i o u t m y . See B r o u a r d e l .13 o u t y, E , changes of volume accom-pan! ing electrolytic deposition of ametal, 671. - measure of the thermoelectric elec-troniotive forces developed by thecontact of a tiietd and a liquid, 336.Bowman, W. J., Aspidium ~igidum,1152.Draga, J. F., hairdyes, 67.Braham, P., analysis of a crystalline- silver sulphate, 354.Brsme, C., u ~ e of b q t s to obtainacid in urine, 472.nine and morphine, 192.ductivity of uater, 966.acid on brornam>lene, 1114.the cofee-plant, 127.of Venezurla, 563.merciiry salt, 366.metallic arsenic from arsenious oxideand arsenic sulphicles, 467.B r a u n , J., nickel speiss, 228.B r a u n e r , B., atomic weight of gluci-B r a u n e r , B., and J.I.'CVatts, specificB r e d t, J., constitution of lactones,B r e y m a n n , E., crushed seeds REB r e z i n a , d., autunite, 531. - herrengrundite, a new basic coppersulphate, 52%.Briem, H., influence of heat on thegrowth of beets and potatoes, 633. - influence of light on the growth ofbept, 930.B r i e r , C., and L. J e h l e , experimentswith rarious'r inds of beet, 60.Brirnmer. See B i r n e r .Broch, 0. J., H. S t. C l a i r e D e v i l l e ,and J. S t a s , measure niade of a 10per cent.iridium - platinum alloy,680.B r o g g er, W. C., two furnace products,363.B r o u a r d e l , P., and E. Boutmy, testto distinguish ptoma'ines from vege-table alkalo'icls, 749.Brown, H. T., and J. H e r o n , hydro-lgtic action of the pancreas and smallintestine, 114,Brown, T. &I., reduction of iron-oresby powdered zinc. 1170.B r u c kn er, A., oxidation of nitrogenousmethylated benzene derivatives, 93.B r u B re, conrersion of terebentheneinto cymene, 39.B r u h l , J. W., chemical constitution oforganic compounds in relation to theirrefractive power and density, 4S9. - relations between the physiral pro-perties of carbon compounds and theirchemical constitution, 15.B r u n c k , I€., and C. Graebe, actionof soda on cast-iron, 126.B r u n n e r .See Senhofer.B r u n t o n , T. L., and T. Cash, actionof ammonia and its salts, and of hy-drocyanic acid, on muscle and nerve,1058.B r u s h , G. J., and W. J. Comstock,American sulpho-selenides of me]*-ciiry, 223, 361,B r u s h , G. J., and E:. S. Dana, newmineral species from Fairfield, Con-necticut, 529. -- relation between childrenit L'and eosphorite, 365.Buc'nner, H., artificial generation ofspleen fungus, 59.nuni, 224..rolumes of oxides, 219.34.fodder, 8371192 INDEX OF AUTHORS.B u c h n e r , M., boghead coal fromResiutta, 688.B u c k i n g , H . , freislebenite from Hien-delaencina, Spain, 24.Buisine. See D u v i l l i e r .B u n t e , H., analyses of furnace gases,939.B u r c k e r , E.? synthesis of bcnzoyl pro-pionic acid, 273.B u r g , O., picene, a new hydrocarbonfrom peat-tar, 179.B u r i , E., nixiljsis of the mineral waterof Niederbronn in Untcr-Elsass, SO.B u r n e y .See Remsen.Byasson, H., transformation of chlornlinto meta-chloral, 248.C.Cahours, A., and A. k t a r d , action ofselenium on nicotine, 825.nicotine, 288. --C a i l l e t e t , I,., and P. H a u t e f e u i l l e ,changes of state near the critical tem-pcratuye, 677. - densities of liquid oxygen,hydrogen, and nitrogen in presence ofinert liquids, 874.-- liquefaction of gaseous mix-tmes, 676.Caldwell, G. C., milk-testing withthe lavtobutyrometer, 657.Cam e r e r, researches on tissue changein children, 189.Cameron, C.A., analysis of milk,1176.- sewagc in oysters, 953.Cameron, C. A., and E. W. Davv,new selenium eornpounds, 1099.Campani, G., and D. B i z z a r r i , tar-tronic acid produced by the oxidationof gljcerol with potassium pcrman-gannte, 256.Campbell, J. L.,dufrenite from Rock-bridge Co., Virginia, 1111.Cannizznro, S., :ind G. C a r n e l u t t i ,action of phosphorus pcntachloride onsantonic acid, 288. -- derivativcs of santonin, 53. -- the two isomerides of santo-nin called metasnntonin, 283.Canzoneri, F., oxidation of the methylether of paraxylenol, 268.Canzoneri. See also P a t e r n &C a r l , F., isethionic acid, 581.Carnelley, T., preliminary notice onthe existence of icc and other bodies inthe solid state nt temperatures farabove their ordinary melting points,966.C a m e lu t ti, G., ethylnaphthalene, 280.C a r n e l u t t i , G., and H.Nasiiii, al-kannin, 53.-- optical rotatory powers ofsantonin derivatives, 180.C a r n e l u t t i , G., and L.Valente, esti-mation of glucose in urine, 315.C a r n e l u t t i . See also Cannizzaro.C a r n o t , A., a volcanic brecia, 1016. - separation of aluminium from ironand chromium, 1081.- two rarieties of dindochite fonnd inthe coal mine at Pejchagnard, 999.C a r p c n t i n , estimation of' fatty acids iiioils, 202.C a s a l i , A., biliary acids in toxicologi-cal researches, and the chemical na-ture of Srlnii's ptoma'ines, 1046. - testing for sulphuric acid in wiiic~or vinegar, 314.Casamajor, P., detection of starc.11-sugar mechanically mixed with coni-mercial cane-sugar, 654.- sulphurettcd hydrogen, 87'6.Casama j or, P., and others.adultem-tion of c*ane-sugar with glucose, 1089.Cash. See B r u n t o n .C a t i l l o n , A., preparation of peptones,449.Cauvet, evolution of carbonic anlij-dride by plant roots, 931.C D z en e 11 v e, P., decomposition of cop-per acetate in presence of water, 153.- lactic acid fermentation in wine,928.Cazeneuve and C o t t o n , detection ofmethyl alcohol in ethyl alcohol, 197.Cazeneuve, P., and I m b e r t , cornbi-nation of chloral hydrate with can>-phor, 180.Cech, C. O., coffee-oil, 100. - colouring matter of E U ~ U S cham#-morw, 129.- disinfecting power of the chloro-phenols, 126.- inrestigntion of the processes o fdecomposition occurring during the.rotting of eggs, l l u .-_ preparation of Braga beer, 857. - Russian fruit wines, 209. - valuation of hops, 946. -- wines from cloudberry and cran-berry, 331.Cliamberland and ROUX, non-exibt-ence of Microzyma C r e t e , 835.Champonnois and P e l l e t , manuiincof sugar-beet, 938.C h a n c e l l o r , H., manuring of whcat,barley, and oats with saltpetre, 938.Chaper, M., mode of occurrence o fgold in certain mineruls from tlicUnited States, 687INDEX OF AUTHORS. 1193Chappuis, E., action ofozone ongermsC h a p p u i s, J., absorption-spectrum of- phosphorescence, 670.Chappuis. See also H a u t e f e u i l l e .C h a s t a i n g , P., constitution of mor-Chauzit.See Andoynaud.C h i t t e n d e n , R. 11.) and 11. H. Do-naldson, detection and estimation ofarsenic in organic matter, 648.C h i t t e n d e n . See also J o h n s o n .C h r i s t e n s e n, 0. T., ctiroinaminoniumcoInpounds, 1104.Church, A. H., Cape tea, 443.C i a m i c i a n , 8. L., aldehyde resin,24’7.Ciamician, C. L., and M. D e n n s t e d t,action of chloroform on potassiumpyrroline, 826. -- derivatives of pyroniucic acid,801. -- furfurylamine, 897.Ciamician. See a l s o w e i d e l .Claesson, Y., a compound of thiocyan-acetic acid and carbaminethioglycollicacid, 715.sulphydrates, 646. .contained in the air, 632.ozone, 2J3.phine, 921.- arabinose, $95. - characteristic colour-reactions with- dithioglycollio acid, 580.- thiocyanuracetic acid, 715. - toluenctrisulphonic acid, 429.Claesson, P., and C. F. L u n d v a l l ,action of ammonia and alvines onethyl and methyl sulphatcs, 240.C l a i s e n , L., condensation of aldehydeswith ethyl acetate and malonate,405.Claisen, L., and P. J. A n t m e i l e r ,cinnamyl cyanide and ciniianijlibrmicacid, 169. -- some derivatives of trichlor-acetyl cyanide, 153.C l a i s e n , L., and A. Claparkde, com-pounds of acetone and niesityl oxidewith benzaldehyde ; constitution ofacetophoron, 422.C l a i s e n , L., and E. M o r i t z , propio-nylformic acid, 154.Clapar‘Bde. See C l a i s e n .Clarke, F. TV., and E. A. Kebler,chromium barium oxalate, 576.-- some double and triple ox-dates containing chroniium, 1030.C l a r k e , 3’. W., and M a r y E. Owens,a new form of tetrahedrite, 228. -- some new uranium salts,1123.Clarke, 3’. W., and H e l e n e S t a l l o ,constitution of tartar emetic, 156.Clarke. See also Dudley.Classcn, A., and I f . A. v. Reis, elec-troljtic estimations and separation<,1081.Claus, A., allialolds of Peruvian bark,183.cinclionidine, 620. -- cjxncnesulphoiiic acids, 174.- potassiuni cyanide and ethyl di-chloracetate, 798. - quantiralence of carbon, 679.- quinoline, 287.C l a u s , A., and C. Biitcke, phenj-lho-moc inchonidine, 184.Claus, A.,and R. Bock,methjl deriva-tives of honiocinchonidine, 184.Claus, A., and C. B o t t l e r , tolyl-qui-nines, 620.Claus, A, and JI.Dnnnenbaum,ethgl derivatires of cinclionidine, 183.Claus, A., and R. Glassner, strjch-nine, 747.Claus, A., and J. H e l p e n s t e i n . RC-tion of aininonia on ethyl dibromo-succinate, 577.Claus, A., and A. H e r t e l , anthraqui-none derivatives, 737.Claus, A., and P. Himmelmanii,quinoline, 182.-- reduction of quinoline, 441.Claus, A., and Kemperdick, etlijlderivatives of cinchonine, 289.Claus, A, and A. L a d e , action of bro-mine on orthonitrobeuzoic acid, 814.Claus, L4., and G. L i s c h k e , action ofpotassium c-yanide on ethyl chloriso-crotonate, 809.Claus, A., and F. Mallmann, methyl-and ethyl-derivatives of quinine, 610.Claus, A., and €1. M u l l e r , methyl de-rivatives of cinchonine, 289.Claus, A., and P.R a u t e n b e r g , clc-composition of diniethylaniline m ~ -thiociide, and ethiociide by p o t a h , an(:action of ainyl bromide 011 dimethj 1-aniline, 584.Claus, A., and E. R i s l e r , reactions ofbensidine, 605.Claus, d., and R. E i i h r e , brucinr,749.Claus, A., and W. T r e u p e l , benxjlderivatives of cinchonine, 290.Claua, A., and F. V o e l l e r , action ofammonia on ethyl chloromaleate, 2.5 1.Cluus, A., and 11. Vbltzkow, actioiiof glacial acetic acid on phenylthiu-csrbirnide, 591.Claus, A, and 0. Zinimermann, a(’-tion of phospliorus pentachlonde 011P-naph t holsulphonic acid, 914.C 1 a u s n i z e r, F., estimation of gljcerulin beer, 4701194 INDEX OF AUTHORS.C16mandot and others, action of lighton phosphorescent bodies. 8G3.Cleve, P.T., erbium, 350.- oxidation of cholic acid, 749.-- oxidation-products of cholic acid,Cloez. See Vigier.C‘oale, R. D., and I. Remsen, oxida-tion of sulphaminemetatoluic acid indkaline and in acid solutions, 1038.C‘obenzl, A., separation of tungstenfrom antimony, arsenic, and iron,1171.Cobenzl. See also Wiedel.C’ochin, D., nature of the alcoholic fer-ment, 928.Cohen, E., “eclogite ” which occursin the diamond mines of Jagersfon-tain, 552. - lavas from Hawaii and other islandsof the Pacific Ocean, 392.C o hn, L., phthalyl-hjdroxylamine :conversion of plithalic into salicylicacid, 585.Cohn, E., resistance of polarised cclls,958.Colley and Vakovitch, preparationof sucrose from glucose, 402.Collie.See L e t t s .C o l l i e r , P., analysis of a mineral re-- development of sugar in sorgho,C o l l i n s , J. H., crystophite from St.- penwithite, a new Cornish mineral,Colson, A., action of sulphur on water,- extraction of phosphoric acid,C‘omstock. See A l l e n ; also B r u s h .Con i n c k, 0. d e, bases of the pyridene- diniethplresorcinol, 269.- fractional distillation of crude- lutidine awochloride, 288. - preparation of ethyl-vinyl hydro-- pyridine bases, 443.C’onroy, M., adulteration of olive oil,C o n r a d, M.,ethyl chloromalonate, 577.- sgntlieeis of cinnamic aid phmyl-acetic acids from ethyl malonate,168.Conrad, M., and M. G u t h z e i t , bar-bituric acid, 1033.Constani.See Meyer.c o o k e , J. P., argento-antimonious tar-29 %.sembling thorite, 1009.634.Agnes, Cornwall, 360.389.21.380.series, 56.quinoline, 612.cpuide, 233.9 :G.trate, 419.Cooke, J. P., atomic weight of anti-mony, 512.- oxidation of hydrochloric acidsolutions of antimony in the atmo-sphere, 513.Cooper. See W a n k l y n .Cornwall, H. B., gallium in AmericanC o r s i, A., occurrence of prehnite inCosiner, C., derivatives of P-naphthyl-Cossa, A., composition of Tuscan ser-- corundiferous felspar of Biella in- didymiam tungstate, 225.- distribution of the cerite metals,- euphotite of Elba, 537.- green garnet from Val Mdenco, 235.- peridotiferous dbbase of Mosso in- rutile in Gastaldite-eclogite from-- serpentine from Vcrrayes in theC o t t o n .See Cazeneuve.Counoler, C., methyl carbonate, 251.C o u t t o 1 e n c, G., evaporation of glyce-Couty. See D’drsonval.C ox, E. T., extensive lodes of antimonyoxide a t Sonora, Mexico, 518.C rafts, J. M., cause of variation of thcfixed points of thermometers, 342. - defects of the mercurial thcrnio-meter, 5. - rise of the zero point in mercurythermometers, 4.C r a f t s , J. M., and F. Meier, densityof iodine vapour, 221.C r a f t s . See also F r i e d e l .C r o o k e s, W., discontinuous phospho-rescent spectra in high vacua, 773. - on a fourth state of matter, 971. - on discontinuous phosphorescei~ce- on heat conduction in highly rare-- viscosity of gaRes, 678.- viscosity of gases a t high eshans-tion, 971.Cross, C. F., new demonstration ofccrbonic anhydride in the breath,1175.blendes, 997.Tuscnny, 26.amine, 605.pentines, 1012.Piedmont, 384.224.the Biellese, 388.Val Tournunche, 370.valley of Aosta, 693.rol, 1084.in high mcua, 957.fied air, 966.Cross. See also Bevan.Cumenge, E., guejarite, a new mineralspecies, 517.C u r i e , J. and P., development of elec-tric polarity by presmre in hemihedralcrjstals m-ith inclined faces, 2INDEX OIC! 11 r i e, J. and P., electrical phenomenaof tourmaline and hemihedral crystalswith inclined faces, 339. - laws of the development of elec-tricitg by the action of pressure intourmaline, 338. - polar electricity of hemihedralcrystals with inclined faces, 338.C 11 r t i u s , T., action of benzoic chlorideon glyrocine silver, 1144.- contribution to the knowledge ofpolytliionic acids cont,ained in Wack-enroder’s solution, 1098.D.Ualkowski, quantitative estimation ofclilorides in urilic, 643.1) amoiseau, A., action of phosphoruson liydriodic and hydrobromic acids,222.- chlorine and bromine derivativesof methane, 237.D a m o u r , A., note o n a chromiferousgarnet, found on the Pic Posets nearthe Maladetta (Pyrenees), 376. - note on titaniferous peridote fromZerniatt, 633.- note on venasquite, 3’79.- note on zinc spinelle from Brazil,Dnmour and D e s Cloizeaux, ho-D s m o u r . See also D e s C l o i z e a u x ;Dana. See Brush.Danesi. See Mauro.D a n i 1 e m s k i, a crys talline decomposi-tion product of albuminous sub-stances, 185.D a n i l e w s k i and P.B a d e n h a u s e n ,alburninoids in milk, 449.J l a n n e n baiim. See Claus.Tlarby, S., fluid neat, 450.P ’ h r s o n v a l , A., animal heat, 1049. - voltaic cells, 3.D’Arsonval, A., and Couty, effectof mat6 on the gases of the blood,1051.Dau b r Be, A , action of mineral waterson metals, 237. - contemporaneous production ofnative sulphur in the sub-soil of Paris,227.DaubrBc, examination of the materialof “ vitrified forts ” at Craig Phadrick,Inverness, 703. - examination of the material ofsome French “ vitrified forts,” 394. - on a meteorite which fell on Nov.696.peite, 366.and v. R a t h.AUTHORS.119526, 1874, a t Keribis, Cdtes du Nord,1017.DaabrBe, A., products from a crater,237.Davv. Sec Canieyon.Davy, E. W., nitroprussicles of thealkalo’ids, 401.Day. See Morse.De C h a r d o n n e t , absorption of theultra-violet rays, 1091.D e f r e s n e, estimation of peptones,947.D k h f r a i n , P. P., r c p ~ r t on the experi-mental plots a t Grignon, 932.DbhBrain, P. P., and K a y s e r , theform of combination in which phoe-phoric acid exists in the soil, 934.DQhBrain, P. P., and Meyer, worth-lessness of phosphates as manures forcertain soils, 61.D6hBrain, P. P., and others, cultiva-tion of potatoes, maize, oats, and san-foin, 455.Deichmuller, A., diabeticurine, 1163.D e l a B a s t ie, resistance of toughenedglass to flexure, 478.Delac h a n a l , the hot spring at Bagnolesde l’Orne, and the deposits formed inthe conduits, 81.D e l a f o n t a i n e , decipium and sama-rinm, 979.D e l a t t re, C., decomposil ion of bical-cium phosphate, 683.D e 1 b r u c k , M., souring of yeast, 951.D e 1 b ru c k, M., and G.H e i n z elm a n n ,new method of fermentation, 126.Delesse, M., removal of earthy mat-ters from poor lead ores by means ofan air-blast, 767.D e L e uw, composition of brandy dis-tillery residues, 75i.D e 1 v a u s, G., separation of nickel andcobalt, 1082.Deman t, B., serum albuminin muscle,630.Demarqny, E., action of ch!orine onnitrogen rulphide, 346. - new derivative of nitrogen sul-phide, 222.- pome compounds of sulphur andnitrogen, 976.- tetrolic and oxytetrolic acids andtheir homologues, 255.Demole, K., action of oxygen on thebromo-derivatiyes of unsaturakdhydrocarbons, 142.D e n n s t e d t . See Ciamician.D e s Cloizeaux, A., on the monoclinicform to which epistilbite should bereferred, 397.Des C l o i z e a u x and Damour, ohal-comenite, a new mineral, 6911196 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Des CIoizeaux and Daniour, noteII e w a 1 q ue, P., diadocllite from theD e wa r, J., notes on electrolytic experi-- studies on the electric arc, 962. - studies on the quinoline series,Dewar. See also Liveing.D i e u l a f a i t , existence of boracic acidin saline lakes and natural salinewaters, 1019. - law of the formation of salineniineral waters, 1018.D i t t e , A., action of clilorine and hy-drochloric acid on lead chloride, 788.- action of hydrochloric acid onmetallic chlorides, 223, 347, 785. - action of lead peroxide on alkalineiodide., 976.- compounds of hydrochloric acidwith mercwric chloride, 355.- decomposition of salts by liquids,17. - solubility of silver in presence ofiodides, 1101.D i t t m ar, W., differential method ofspecific gravity determination, 938.D i t z e l . See Oerum.Dixon, W. A,, inorganic constituentsof the coals of New South Wales, 983. - on salt-bush and native fodderplants of New South Walea, 1067.D o a s ~ a n s , E., thalictrin, 52.Doassans, E., and E. H a n r i o t , asubstance from Thalictrwn macro-carpuin, 52.D o e b n er, O., compounds of benzotri-chloride with phenols and tertiaryaromatic bases, 165.- formation of aromatic ketonicacids, 601.D o l t e r , C., acmite and egerine, 26. - chemical composition of arfved-sonite and some allied minerals, 552. - constitution of the pyroxene group,371. -- new resin from Koflach in Styria,359. - occurrence of propyllite in Transyl-vania, 698. - products of the volcano MonteFerru, 700. - spodumene and petalite, 694.D om ae, J., hexjlene from mannitol,1113.D om e y k 0, J., bismtit,h oi*es of Bolivia,Peru, and Chili, 998.- crystals of mc+illic copper fromthe mincs of Coro-Coro, Bolivia, 997.D o n a1 d s o n.on cabrerite from Laurium, 691.Qedrin mine, 999.ments, 962.1043.See C h i t t en cl en.Donath, E., direct estimat,ion of ala-mina in presence of iron, 760.- occiirrence of arsenic and vam-dium in commercial caustic soda, 856.- separation of silver from lead,760. - volumctric determination of chro-miurn and mttngznese in presence offerric oxide and aluniina, 760. - physiological and pliysiologico-chemical effects of qninoline, 298.D o r e in u s, C. A., Wilkinson's processof making illuminating gas fromwood, 769, 954.Dorp. See Hoogewerff.Do t t, D. B., meconic acid, 418.Doudouy. See Godefroy.Douglas, J. C., the phenomenon com-monly called the " cry of tin," 783.Downes, A., a simple process of slowactinoinetry, 485.Drechsel, X., formation of urea in tht.animal organism, 192.Drews. See aiso B e r n t h s e n .Drewsen, S., estimation of solnblcphosphate in mperphosphates, 465.Drown, T.M., determination of sul-phur in sulphides, and in coalcoke, 645.Drown, T. N., and P. 'IV. S h i m e r , cs-timation of silicon and titanium inpig-iron and steel, 647.l3 u b e 1 i r, D., influence of the continuccluse of sodium carbonate on the coni-position of the blood, 1161.Dudley, W . L., sp:geline, a new volu-tile alkaloid, 1153.Dudle?, W. L., and F. \V. Clark(>,graphite froin Dticlitown, Tennessee,989.Dudouy, A., manuring of beetroot, (it.D u h r i n g , U., the law of correspondiiigD u n k e i b e r g and others, artificialDu f c t, H., optical properties of mix-D u in a 9, gases occluded in aluminiiiniD n n n i n g t o n , F. P., microlite froiuD u p r 6 , A., s n accurate perception ofD u r i n, inversion of sugar during maiiu-D u r s t, O., microscopic researches 011D u v i l l i e r , E., amido-acids derived- amido-acids of a-hydroxybutyrkD u v i l l i e r , E., aiid.4.B u i s i n e , actiuiiboiling points, $1.manures, 304.tures of isoinorphous salts, 2.and magnesium, 350.Amelia Co., Virginia, 1002.colour-change in titration, 121.facture, 127.yeast, 835.from isohyiroxyraleric acid, 713.acid, 87INDEX OF AUTHORS. S19iof methyl bromide and methyl iodideon monomethylamine, 33.D u v i l l i e r , E., and A. B u i s i n e , sepa-ration of compound ammonias, 2025. - ._-_- separat ion of trimethylaminefrom the coiuiiiercial produ4, 419.Dyer, B., analysis of milk, 1176.E.E c k e n b r e c h e r , C.v., changes pro-duced by the weathering of phonolite,700. - metamorphosis of nepheline rocks,1013.E c k s t e i n, A., use of parchment-paperin osniose, 952.E d e r , J. M., aminonium bromide, 682. - aqucous sliellac varnish. 482.- aqueous varnish for prints on un-glazed paper, 212.- decomposition of ferric chlorideand some ferric salts of organic acidsby light, 670. - new developers for silrer bromidedry plates, 317. - photochemistry of silver bromide,762.E d e r , J. M., and E. V a l e n t a , ironoxalates and some of their doublesalts, 713.E g g e r t z, determination of phosphorusin iron and iron ores, 465.E i s e n b e r g , L. J., separation of tri-methylamine from the commercialhydrochloride, 216.- ferroc! anides of amines, 261. - methylainine in commercial tri-met,hglamine hydrochloride, 83.E i t n e r , W., preparation of leather, 859.E l a n d e r , S. U., action of sulyhonicE l t k k o f f , atomic migration, 400.E m k e n , F., influence of malt liquorson digestion, 732.Emm e r l i n g , A, deterinination of therelative values of precipitated andsoluble phosphates, 309. - the loss wliich newly mown grasssuffers when exposed to rain, 455.E n d e m a n n , H., composition of ultra-marine, 509.E n g l e r , C., and R. H a a s s , apparatusfor tesiiiig the inflammability of petro-leum, 469.E n g e l M., and J. V i l l e , solubility ofmagnesium carbonate in water chargedwith carbonic acid, 1102.I3 n gel, R., mimufacture of potassiumcarbonate, 1087.chlorides 011 urea, 16%.E n g el, R., phenol in the animal econornyT.,- platinous h~posulphite, 226.E n g e l and M o i t e s s i e r , dissociationof butylchloral hydrate, 407.E r d m a n n , E.O., anhydrous milk-sugar, 151.E r h a r d , T., and A. S t e l z n e r , fluidenclosiires in topaz, 25.E r l e n m e y e r , E., action of dehydratingagents on glyceric and tartaric acids,417.E r l c n m e y e r . See also Antz.E s b acli, G., urea, sugar, and sodiumE t a r d , A., action of ammonium chlo-- chlorochromic acid as an oxidising- hornologue of pelletierine, 1036.- position of boron in the series ofelementary bodies, 20.k t a r d , A., and H. Moissan, preparn-tion of hjdrogen selenide and hydro-bromic acid, 18.114.hypobroniite, 316.ride on glycerol, 708.agent, 581.f i t a r d .See also C a l l o u r s .E t ti, C., quercitannic acid, 277.Ex ner, F., galvanic polariPation, '775. - production of electricity by con-tact of heterogeneous metals, 864. - theory of inconstant galvanic cells,866. - theory of the galvanic couple, 33,7.E y k m a 11, J. I?., Illicium religiosum,918.F.F a h 1 b e r g, n- tolnenPdisulpho1Jicacid and its derivativps, 916.F a n i n i t z i n , A., intensity of light andliberation of carbonic anhydi icle byplants, 1060.Farsky, F., potash salts as a manure,1072.F a s s b e n d e r, G., analyses of fodder,1165.- quantitative determination of al-bumin by cupric hydrate, 205.F e d e r and V o i t , format,ion of ureafrom ammonia salts of oyganic acids,453.F e n t o n , H.J. H., tartaric acid reac-tion, 665.F e r n b a c h, A., action of soda on gly-cerol, 145.F e s t i n g . See Abney.F e u e r l e i n . See H e r z f e l d .F i e l d , F., detection of iodine in urine,C . ,6441198 INDEX OF AlJTHORS.F i e l d , F., detection of small qultntities- laboratory observations, 644.F i e l d . Seealso J a c k s o n .Fievez, C., relative intensity of thespectral lines of hydrogen and nitro-gen: its bearing on the constitution ofnebule, 69. - spectrum of magnesium and con-stitution of the sun, 955._I_ widening of the hydrogen lines,955.F i l e t i, M., distillation of cotarninewith zinc, 446.- notes on gas analysis, 462.- two modificat,otis of amidocumicacid and acctamidocumic acid, 424.F i l h o l , E., felspars from the valley ofl3agneri.s de LucIion, 692.F i l h o l , E., and S e n d e r e n s , 8 newseries of phosphates and arsenatcs,1101. -- action of sulphur on certainmetallic solutions, 1097.F i n o t . See B e r t r a n d .F i s c h e r , E., caffeine, 614. - dry distillation of wuod, 332. -- orthohydrazine-cinnaniic acid, 598.I_ separation and estimation of ar-F i s c h e r , E., and H. Troschke, ama-of platinum, 6.1.9.senic, 195.rine and lophine, 51.F i s c h e r, F.; dephospliorising of pig-iron, 326. - zinc distillation, 325.Fi su 11 e r, H., miscellaneous contribn-tions to microscopicd rninera ogy,990.- resorcinolsulphonates, 11 47.Fi s c h e r, O., condcnsation-products ofF i s c h e r . See also B e d a l l .F i s h e r , E. and O., rosaniline, 162.F i t t bogen, J., manuring potatoes, 305.P i t t b o g e r i and others, manuring ex-periments with phosphoric acid indiffcrent cornbinatioiis, 1072.Fit t i ca, J., a fourth mononitroplienol,46. - new nitrophenols, 47.F i t t i g , R., isatropic acid, 426.F i t z , A., double salts of the lowermembers of the acetic acid series,797. - fermentation of normal velericacid, '798.F l a v a r d . See Lepine.F l a v a r t , apparatus for the estimationof nitrogen in organic compounds,19'.F 1 a v i t z k y, F., commercial lemon oil,437.aromatic bases, 587.F l a v i t z k g , F., the terebentlienes, 437.F l a v i t z k y , N., specific heat of gasesF l e i s c h e r , insoluble phosphate estima-- manure, 640.F l e i s c h e r , M., injurious effect ofkainite and superphosphate on thegermination of potatoes, 300.F 1 e i s c h e r, R., influence of alcohol,beer, and wine on digestion, 752.F l e i s c h m a n n , W., and P.W e i t h ,quantity and quality of milk yieldedby different races of cows, 630.F 1 e i s s n e r, F., tribenzylpliosphineoxide, 263.F 1 e k k el, extraction of potash fromsuint of Russian wool, 475.FI e u r y , G., sodium arsennte, 141.F l u c k i g e r , F. A., Cananga oil, 916. - testing mustard oil, 125.- testing Peru kalsain, CM7.F o l k a r d , C. W., cryetallised donblosulphate of calcium and sodium, 500.F o r b e s .See Young.F o r c r a n d , hydrate of methyl iodide,F o r q u i g n o n , L., malleable cast-iron,Forst, C., and C. B o h r i n g e r , cin--- cinchotina and hydrocin-F o r s t e r , J., composition of humanFouquB, F., hypersthene from the- Santorin and its eruptions, 555.FouquB, F., and A. M. LBvy, artificialproduction of ophitic. structure, 697.Fiecll e r , influence of sodium nitrat,eonabsorption of phosphoric acid andF 1- a n c 11 i m o n t, acetic derivative of- action of sulphuric acid on aceticF r n n k, E., synthesis of glpreric acidF r a u d e , G., test for quebracho bark,F r e d a , G., antimonious acid, a Vesu-F r e s e n i u s , H., solubility of cadmium- epecific gravity of potatoes, 932.F r e s e n i u s , W., phillipsite and itsrelations to hmmotone and desmin,695.F r i e d e l , C., crystalline form of gueja-rite, 517.F r i e d e l , C., and M.Balsohn, actionand vapours, 340.tion, 645.32.766.chotine, 620.chonidine, 830.milk, 630.pumice of Santorin, 388.potash, 457.cellulose, 709.anhydride, 716.from monoclilorolactic acid, 416.473.rian product,, 518.sulphide in ammonium sulphide, 941INDEX OEof ammonia on monobromodiphenyl-methane, 279.F r i e d e l , C., and M. Balsohn, actionof ethylene bromide on toluene inpresence of aluminium chloride, 259. -- action of sulphuric acid onphenylacetylene, 270. -- oxidation of triethylbenzene,260. -- synthesis of diphenylaceticacid, 273.Friedel, C., and J.M. Crafts, com-pounds of phthalic anhydride withhydrocarbons of the benzene series,731. -- synthesis of hexametliylben-zene and of mellitic acid, 40.F r i e d e l , C., and E. S a r a s i n , artifi-cial libeshenite, 367._I_- artificial production of crys-tallised quartz, 346. - - artificial production of a fels-pathic substance, 383.F r i e d r i c h , A. R., action of potash onbromomethacr) lic acid, 413.F r i e d r i c h, R , dichloraldehyde hy-drate, 407.p dry distillation of potassium di-chloracctdt?, 408.E’romme, C., electromotive power ofgalvanic eombintitions consisting ofzinc, sulpliiiric acid, and platinum, orcopper, gold, and carbon, 490.Furs t, E., acbtion of chlorine tetrosideon potassium permanganste, 353.- chlorine tctzoxide andethylene, 399.Funaro, A., decomposition of calciumsuccinate by heat, 1031.G,Gabriel, S., a base from pht,halimide,263.- phthalic anhydride condensation-products, 733. - siilphonacetic acid, 716.Gabriel, S., and J. Zimmermann,diniirohydrocinnamic acid and its de-rivatives, 274.Gabriel, 8. and R. Meyer, dinitro-phenylacetic acid, i29.@abler. See Otto.Galle, J. G., fall of meteorites a tGnadenfrei in Silcsi:i, 395.Galloway, W., influence of coal-dustin colliery explosions, 950Gnmgee, A., and E. Blankenhorn,the rxi.;tmce of Liebreich‘s protagonin the brain, 104’7.G a n t t e r , I?., and C. Hell, azelaic acid,578.AUTHORS. 1199C a n t t e r , F., and C.Hell, separationGau d i c 11 and others, manuring experi-of suberic and azelaic acids, 891.ments on oats, 1057.G a u t i er, A., isomerides of phloroglu-col, 272.Gay on, U., influence of succinic acidon the fermentation of cane-sugar,836.- recovery of cane-sugar from mo-lasses by fermentation, 480. - spontaneous changes in raw sugar,332.Geissler, E., examination of pressedveast, 1183.G;! nay, P., experiments with artificialmanures, 641.G e n t 11, F. A., pyrophillites from Schuy-kill Co., Pennsylvania, 378.- Spanish minerals, 1110.G e r b er, N., and others, milk analysis,Gerichten, E. v., apophyllic acid, 110. - cotarnine, 445.Germain, It., a photoelectric regulatorG e u t h c r, A., conversion of chlorocar-Giacosa.See Nencki.G i r n r d , C., and J. A. P a b s t , applica-tions of lead chamber crystals, 476.G i r a r d, J., propjlacetal and isobutyl-ac&l, 34.G i r a r d o n , J., artificial production ofvivianite, 1C1OO.G i r a r d i n . See Bknard.Giraud, E., indoline, 51.Glad cl i n g, T. S., estimation of carbonicanhydride, 9 4 .Gladstone, J. H., refraction equira-lents of the diamond and of carboncompounds, 333.- specific refi-action and dispersion ofisomeric hoaies, 213. - the refractive equivalcnts of car-bon, hydrogen. oxygen, and nitrogenin organic compounds, 958.Gladstone, J. H., and A. Tribe,thermal electrolysis, 868.Glassner. See Claus.G1 en c k, C., preparation of aniline black,1186.Godefroy, J., and A.Doudouy, cul-tivation of various kinds of beet, 117.Giiring. See Laubenheimer.Golclschmidt, G., iodyl, 283.Goltlschmidt, G., and M. Schmidt,examination of ‘‘ Stuppfett,,” 828.Goldschmidt, H., action of moleculirrsilver on carboil chlorides, 707. - an acoustic method of rleteiminiugmpour-densities, 12.657.for painted glass furnaces, 125.bonic acid into formic acid, 2487.200 INDEX OF AUTHORS.G o l d s c h m i d t , H., Gay-Lussac’s hypo-Goldstein, oxidation of ketones, 423.G o l o ubeff, dinitro-derivative of de-oxgbenzok, 422.Gonnard, F., anew localityof szaboite,378.Gooeh, F. A., estimation of phosphoricacid as magnesium pyrophosphate,1168.Gore, G., c1iemico.electric relations ofmetals in solutions of potassium salts,962.- effects of electric currents on thesnrfaces of mutual contact of aqueoussolutions, 962. - electric currents caused by liquiddifTusion and osmose, 963. - experiments on electric osmose,963.- influence of voltaic currents on thediffucion of liquids, 963. - tlwrmoelectric behaviour of aqueoussolutions with platinum electrodes,963.0 o r o f f, N. E., telluric rays of the solarspectrum, 1091.G o t t w a l t , E., quantitative analysis ofthe slbuminoids of the kidney sub-stance, 661.G o u y , measrirement of the intensity ofsome obscure rays in the solar spec-trum, 333.CTr a e b e, C., reactions of naphthol,1’77.Graebe, C., and J. W a l t e r , picene,256.Graebe. See also Brnnck.G r a e f f, F., naphthalene derivatives,G r a h l .See K r o c k e r .G r a n d e a u , L., and A. L e c l e r c , com-position of oat,s, 116.G r a t t a r o l a , Q., rosterite,anew varietyof beryl from Elba, 1009.Gt r a w i t, z, P., behaoiour of fungi in theanircal sjstem, 930.G r e e n i s h , H. G., Cape ten, 441. - Kerium odorum, 916.G ri e sm a y e r, V., valuation of barley,94 6.G r i e $9, P., benz‘ ~ulplionic acid,428. - P-naphtlic nic and dihy-droxynaphth lphonic acid,178.G r i m a u x , E. *eal derivatives ofmorphine, 1C - some reac f morphine and itscongeners, 1( - transform 2f morphine intocodeine and ’chloronitric anhydride, 506.822.gou> LLlbPb, 829.G r i m a u x , E., and I?. Adam, chloro-propaldehycie, 888.derivatives of acrole’in, 406.-- ---- dibl.omopropaltlehSde, 1029.Qrinimer, €I., the decrease of nitrogenin malt - wort during fermentation,331.G r o b e r t . See P e l l e t .G r o g e r, M., c:hroniimi sulphides, 225.Groger. See also B a u c r .Grote,A., E. K e h r e r , a.nd B. T o l -1 e n s, preparation and properties oflevulic or @-acetopropionz acid, 409.G r o t e , A., and B. T o l l e n s , formationof levulic acid from dextrose, 410.Groves, R. H., Borntriiger’s aloes test,946.G r u b er, estimation of nitrogen fromthe animal body, 4.51. - influence of borax on the decorn-position of protc’ds, 4.53..-- poisoning by carbonic oxide, 1086.G r i i b l e r , G., crystallissble albuminfrom pumpkin seeds, 625.G r i i n e b e r g , IT.., preparation of potas-sium sulphate iioni the salts of bheStassf u r t dcpsits, 855.G r u n e r , L., artificial pyroxene (diop-side), 694.Grupe, A., ancl B.T o l l e n s , action ofammonium citrate on phosphates,845. -- action of citric acid on phos-phates, 759.Grupe, A., and others, estimation ofretrograde phosphoric acid, 62.Gucci. See B a r b a g l i a .G ii m b e 1, C. W., fossil plants from thecarboniferous strata of the Tarentaise,390. - rocks of Kerguelen’s Land and theneighbouring islands, 391.Gu e n ,q e, isodimorphism of arseniousand antimonious oxides, 791.Giirlie, O., a- and P-ethyl dibenzoyl-hydroxainate and a- and @-ethyl-benzoylhgdroxamic acid, 584. - ethylhydroxylarriine, 571.Gundelaoh. See Michael.Gustavson, G., acticn of alcoholicbromides and of lierbromethane onparaffins in presence of‘ aluminiumbromide, 399.- reactions of aluminium chlorideand bromide with organic compounds,398.(3 u t h z e i t, &I., cetgl- and dicetpl-acetic and nialonic acids, 408.G u t h z e i t . Eee also B i s c h o f f andCcnrudISDEX OF AUTHORS. 1201H.l r a a s s, R., lecture experiment, 133.IEaass. See also E n g l e r .l l a b e r l a n d t , G., colour of clover seed,837.11 a b e r m a n n, electrolysis of organicsubstances in aqueous solutions, 213.l l a b e r m e h l , H., composition of mag-netic pyi-itm, 516.I1 a e d i c k e, H., spontaneous ignition ofcoal, 482.IIagen. See Miiller.H a i t i n g e r , L., nitro-olefines, 1114.€I ul b e r s t a d t, W., action of bromineon paranitrobenzoic acid, 729.H a l b e r s t i i d t , W., and M.A. Reis,hzcmate'in, 611.H a l l , L. B., and I. Remse n, oxidationof mesitylcnesulphonamide, 820.I I a l l e r , A., cyano-camphor, 1041.li a 11 o c k, E . J., bromnitro- and chloro-nitro-phenetols, 593.H a m l e t , W. M., estimation of fat inmilk, 636.Haminersten, O., a new oxidationproduct of cliolic acid, 624.11 a m p t on, F., existence and propertiesof phosphorus pmtiodide, 507.Hankel, G. W., development of polarelectricity in heinimorphous crystalsby alteration of pressure, 958. - photoelectric and thermoelectricproperties of fluorspar, 215, 337.l l a n n a y , J. B., absorption of gases bysolids, 872.- artificial formation of pyrolusite,333.-- on the absorption of gases by solids,'371. - on the artificial formation of thediamond, 1019. - on the limit of the liquid state,9i1.JIannay, J. B., and J. H o g a r t h , ontlie solubility of solids in gases, 970.31 a n r i ot, action of hydrochloric acidon a:dehyde, 404.I t a n r i o t . See also Doassans.1I a n s, R., inflammability of vegetablesubstances with nitric acid, 771.1% a 11 pel, V., petrographic constitutionof the nionzonite of Predrazzo, 27.31 n n t z sc 11, A., action of commercialtrimethylamine on p-naphthol, 177. - condeusation products from alde-Iiyde-ammonia and ketone derivatives,1028. - parahydroxyphenol and some aldc-hydes and alcohols derived fromqninol, 166.I l u r g r e a v e s , J., manufacture ofsodium sulphnte by the direct process,664.H a r l a n d .See Wi g n e r .Harnack, E., ditaine, 109.H armsen, W., nitrometaxplenesul-phonic acid, 49.H a r r i n g t o n , B. J., minerals of someof the aptite-beariog veins of OttawaCo., Quebec, 542).H a r r i s , W. E., a new meteoric ironfrom North Carolina, 1017.H a r t , E.,nicrososulphobenzoic acids andsome of their derivatives, 1144.H a r t , P., sulphuretted hpdrdgen appa-ratus, 787.H a r t l e y , W. N.,and A. K . H u n t i i i g -ton, researches on the action oforganic substances on the ultra-vialetrays of the spectrum. Part 111. Anexamination of the esssntial oils, 937.H a r t w i g , E. C., oil of wine, 794.Harvey, S., detectionof lead in potablewaters, 1173.H a r z , C.O., cultivation of soja bean,116.Haswell, 8.. E., quantitative deter-minatioit of phosphorus and siliconin iron and steel, lY4.H a s w e l l , H., titration of iron withsodium thiosuiphate, 819.H a u gh t o n, T. S., mineralogy of thecounties of Dublin and Wicklow, 382. - note on an olivine-gabbro fromCornwall, 388.H a u s a m a n n , O., determination ofundecomposed fat in miatures of fattyacids, 762.H a u s h o f er, K., oligoclase from Diirr-mosbach, 386.H a u t e f e u i l l e , P., a potassio-ferricsilicate, analogous to leucite, 389.H a u t e f e u i l l e , P., and J. Chappuis,liquefaction of ozone and its colour inthe gaseods state, 18.-- liquefaction of ozone in prc-sence of carbmic anhydride : its colourin the liquid state, 786.-- nitrification, d 2 1 .researches on the silent elec-tric discharge, 3.-- spectra of compound gasesand a new compound of nitrogen andoxygen, 221.H a u t e f e u i l l e . See also C a i l l c t e tand l r o o s t .H a y d u c k, AT., determination of starchin pressed yeast, 943.- influence of Xochelle salt on theactivity of yemt, 1058.Hawes, G. W., a group of eruptiverocks in Cainpton, h e w Hampdiirc,701.-120.2 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Heddle, M. F., haughtonite, a nexHeine, F., cultivation of several varie-- new English kinds of wheat, 1065H e i n t z , W., an acetone base contain-mica, 385.ties of potatoes, 301.iiig sulphur, 420.triacetonediamine, 420.Heinzelm ann.See Delbriick.H e l l , C., new method of brouiir.ating- occurrence of a fatty acid in beech-H e l l , C., and 0. Hermann, lignocericI I e l l . See also G a n t t e r .Helm Ii ac k e r, R., minerals of the clayHelpellstein. See Claus.H e milian, diphenylenephenylmethaaeand cliplienylenecreaglmethane, 434.7 diphenylparaxylylmethane anddiphenylnnplitly1inethane, 434.Herr1 pel, W., estimation of nitrogly-cerol in d3namite, 472.Henry, L., action of hypochlorous acidon propargylic compounds, 1120. - nlh 1 iodide and monobromallylalcohol, 567. - dipropargyl, 565._I_ pyruvic alcohol and its derivatives,1121.Hepp, P., oxidation of di- and tri-nitrobenzene, 261.H e pperger, J., influence of concentra-tion of the soiutiun on the elrctro-motive forre of a Daniell’s cell, 335.Herchei*,R., and P.Wagner, em-ployment of ammonium citrate inexamination of phosphates in manure,846.organic acids, 711.wood tar paraKin, 249.acid, 249.group, 540.Herrn ann. See Tlell.Heron. See Brown.Hiartel. See Claus.H e r t e r . See Salomon.I€ e r t h , R., synthesis of biguanide, 896.H e r z f e l d , A., effect of diastase onstarch -paste, 1064.Herzfeid, A., and Q-. Feuerlein,estimation of reduced and precipitatedphospllat es, 940.R e r z i g . See B a r t h .Heuniann, K., action of the air inrenc?ering the flanie of the Bunsenl a u p lion-luminous, 7’73. - iiomcnclature of some azo-com-pounds, 163. - gome ultramarine compounds,351.H e s s, C., amidotoluene sulpliydrate,596.€I css. See also R o h l .Hesse, O., alkaloids from dita bark,- alkalo’ids of Alstonia constricta,- bark of Alstonia spectabilis, 447.- calycin, 180.- cinrhamidine, 1045. - cinchonidiue and homocinchoni-- cinchonine, 288. - conquinamiiie, 1156. - constitution of some alkalonds ofthe ciiichona bark, 615.- methyl ether of morphine, 1153. - new platinochlori les of cinchona- optical estimation of cinchonidipe- propionylquinine, 620. - quinnmine, 922.- relation ofechitamine todita‘ine, 184.- the bark of A s p d o s p r m a que-dracho, 294. - the officinal test of quinine, andMater of crystallisation of quininesulphate, 63.Hes se, W., quantitative estimation ofdust in workshops. 761.Hidden, W.E., meteorite from Cle-borne Go., Alabama, i394. - notes on mineral localities in NorthCarolina, 1109.H i d e g h , K., chemical analyses ofHungarian fahl-ores, 360.H i l g a r d , E., aggregation of small par-ticles, 970.H i l l , A., estimation of tannin in tea,1176.Hill, H. B., mucobromic acid, 36. - structure of disubstituted acrylicacids, l(130.Hill, H. B., and C. W. Andrews, di-broumcryiic acid, 1030.Hill, H.,andC. F.Mahery,snbstit.utedacr) lic acids from bromopropiolicacid, 1124. -- tetrasubsti tution derivativesof propionic acid, 1029.Bill. See also Mabery.tiimmelmann. See Claus.Hintereggor. See Malay.t1 i r s c h, A., quinoneclilorimide andsimilar substances, 163.Hirschsohn, E., coniparative experi-ments on the behaviour of tliymoland phenol with different reagents,942.H j e l t.E., a neutral bromide Gom di-allylmulonic acid, 577. - action of water on ethyl malonntea t high temperature, 155. - dioiyadipic acid, 256.448.623.dine, 291.alkalo’ids, 922.in commercial quiniue, 315INDEX OF AUTHORS. 1203Hj o r t d ah 1, T., mineral analyses, 698.H o c h s t e t t en, F. v., covellin occurringas encrusting pseudomorpli on abronze Celtic axe found on the Salz-berg, 227.H6Phorn. A., fluo-salts of tellurium, I , 223.phuric acids on naphthol, 280.Honig, M., action of oxalic and sul-- new issineride of gluconic acid, 893.H o p f n e r , C., the rock of Monte Ta-I i b e r m a n n , J. v., symmetrical p-di-l i o f f m a n n , C., Canadian apatite, 525.- Canadian mineids, 545.Bofmann, A.W., action of heat onamines, 621. - action of heat on the ammoniumbases, 550, '765. - estiniation of small quantities ofcarbon bisulphide, 308. - hexmethylbenzene, 260. - pyridine bases, 921.Hofinann, A. W., and W. v. M d l e r ,cresol derivatiros, 592.H o f i n e i s t e r , F., chemical structure ofcollagen, 294.H o g a r t h . See H a n n a y .Hogg, 7'. W., condition of carbon insteel and the effc'cct of hardening uponit, 478.jumbina in Peru, 1015.cliloracetone, 218.Hoglan, P., stahility of calomel, 512.H o l d e f l e i s s , F, analyses of pond- examiimtion of linseed cake andH o Id en, L. H., AraZia spinosn, 105.H o l t z , W., some remarkable pheno-H o 1 z b e c h e r, H., influence of oxygenH o l z h a u e r , W.C., Eriodictyon Cali-Hoogewerff, S., and W. A. v. Dorp,-- pgridene- and met,hylpyri-- - pyridinecarboxylic acid, '744.Hoormeg, J. L., therrnic theory ofelectricity, 70. - thermic theory of polarisation,777.Hopkinson, J., dielectric capacity ofliquids, 963.- the electrostatic capacity of glass,963.Hoppe-Seyler, F., fermentation ofglycerol, 82.H or s t m an n, A., application of thesecond proposition of the theory ofheat to chemical plienomena, 777.VOL. XL.slime, 61.meal, 636.mena with flames: 489.on the clarifying of beer, 951.forniium, 105.lepidine, 109.dine-carboxylic acid, 611.Houzeau, A., amount of iron in themineral waters of Rouen and Forges-lee-Eaux, 397.Hubl. See B e n e d i k t .H u b n e r , XI., anhydro-compounds,1130.- formulE of maleic and fumaricacids, 254.Hiibner, H., and Lellmann, di-iodo-propyl alcohol and moniodallyl alcc-hol, 242.H ii F n e r, G., crystalline haemoglobin,625. - researches on the physical chemis-try of blood, 111.Huggins, W., luminous spectrum ofwater, 1. - on the photographic spectra ofstars, 956. - on the specti-urn of the flame ofhydrogen, 957.- photographic spectra of stars, 455.H u g h e s, J., analysis of shoddy andwool waste, 661.Hulwa, F., analysis of the Iiaiiizer orKainzer spring, 30._I Curapoa guano, 61.B u n t i n g t o n . See H a r t ~ l e y .Huseniann, T., ptomdiiies consideredin relation to foi-ensie cheniiatry andtoxicology, 57.Hnssak, E., the so-called " Hppci-s-thene-andesit.e" from S t.Egidi, inUntersteinmark, 695.I.1hl.e. See P e i n h a r d t .I l e s , M. W., lead chlorobromide, 789.- decomposition of slags and silicates,I m b e r t . See Cazeneuve.I n o s t r a n z e f f , A., a new variety ofnative carbon, 357.I s a m b e r t, vapour of amnioiiium dihy-drosulphide, 673.I s s l e i b , M., the bitter principle andresin of hops, 101.645.J.J a c k s o n , C. L., curcumin, 610.J a c k s o n , C. L., and A. W. F i e l d ,p3rachlorobenzjl compounds, 8QS.J a c k s o n , C. L., and J. F. W h i t e ,pnrachlorobenzyl compounds, 806. -- synthesis of anthracene andphenantlirene from orthohromobenzylbromide, 822.4 1204 INDEX OF AUTHORSJ a c k s o n , 0, R., methylketole, 734.- tetrahydromethyl-quinoline, 742.Jacobs, F., and others, experimentsJ a c o bsen, O., anhydrosulphonamine-- hydroxlmesitjlenic acid from- h y d roxy toluic and hy droxyphthalic- hydroxyuvitic acid, 172.- sulphamiue- and hydroxy-acids de-rived from mesitylene, 429.Jacobsen, O., and H. Lonnies, a-iso-phthalosulphonic acid, 50.J a c o bsen, P., @-derivatives of naph-thalene, 736.J a c o b s e n . See also S t r u v e .J a c k el-Han d w e r k, prevention of theoccurrence of lact<ic acid in beer, 857.J a d e r h o l m , A., metahaemaglobin, 185.J a h n , H., decomposition of simple or-ganic compounds by zinc-dust, 141.J a h n s , E., some constituents of theessent,ial oil of Origamm vulgare andTh:jnaus SerpyZlum, 95.J a n n a s c h , P., and C.Stiinkel, crys-tallisation of a- and j3-dinitropartlxy-lene, 808.J a n n e t t a z , E., colours of the diamondm polarised light, 357.Janovsky, J. V., alteration of molecu-lar weight and molecular refractivepower, 862.with potatoes, 932.isophthalic acid, 51.xylenol, 599.acids, 599.- optical constants, 215.J a n s s e n, J., changes of photographsby the prolonged action of light, 1179. - inversion of photographic imagesby the prolonged action of light, 1.J a y , H., detection of alcohol in trans-parent soaps, 314.J e h l e . See Brier.J e z 1 e r, composition of Weldon-mud andJ o a n ni B, lead, Cadmium, and mercuryJ o b s t, J., crystalline quino’idine borate,J o h n , K., halloysite from Tiiffer, 693.J o h n s o n , S.W., and R. H. C h i t t e n -den, distributioii of arsenic in theanimal body, 1082.J o h n s t o n e, W., chalgbeate spring,Kingatead, St. Edmund’s, 1112.Junernann and C. Scheibler, separa-tion of sugar from molasses, 128.Julien, A. A., spodumene and its alte-rations, 1005.J n r i s c h , K. W., oxidation of sodaliycors, ’765.similar substances, 323.oxycyanides, 1116.56.K.Kabloukoff, triacetin, MS.Kahlbaum, G. W. A., polymerides ofmethyl acrylate, 250.K a j a n d e r , rate of solution of mag-nesium in different acids, 314.Kalkowsky, E., piperno, 699.Kalmann. See Oser.Kamenski. See Wallach.K a p o u s t i n , M., rapid edimation ofatmospheric carbonic anhydride, 204.Kariof, K., derivatives of dimethyl-quinol, 272.- dipropylresorcinol and some of itsderivatives, 269.Kast, H., atrolactic, phenyllactic, andatroglyceric acids, 427.Kayser. See DBhBrain.Kebler. See Clarke.Kedzie, R. C., hurtful action of potatosugar, 7’70.K e h r e r , E. A., and B. Tollens, con-version of levulic acid into normalvaleric acid, 411. - - hydrocarbons obtained as bje-products in the decomposition oflevulic acid by hydriodic acid, 399.Kehrer. See also Grote.KekulB, A., synthesis of citric acid,256.KekulB, A., and R. Anschiitz, Tana-tar’s dioxyfumaric acid, 156. -- Tanatar’s trioxymaleic acid,714.Kelbe, W., occurrence of an aromatich3 clrocarbon, Ci1H1,, in rosin oil, 809.Keiler-Eberstadt, A., flesh-meal asfodder, 302.K e l l n e r , 0.) changes produced in beet-leaves by fermentation, 302.- comparison of the influence of fieldbeans and lupines on the productionof milk, 927. - purification and digestibility oflupines, 838. - relations between work and the de-composition of food in the body, 114. - researches on the digestion of pro-te’ids, 296.Kemperdick. See Claus.Kennepohl, G., nitrogenous consti-tuents of excrements, 1058.K e r n , E., and H. W a t t e n b e r g , dura-tion and cornposition of the increasein lire weight of lambs when fatten-ing, 450.K e r n , d., manganese in steel, 950. - note on Siemens-Martin steel, 667.K e r n e r , G., testing commercial sul-phnte of quinine for foreign alkalo’ids,63IXDEX OF AUTHORS.1205E e s s l e r , F., employment of potassiumpermanganate in quantitative analj sis,843.Kiliani, H., identity of strabinose andlactose, 243.- inulin, 243.-oxidation of lactose and lactonicacid by silver oxide, 243. - potnssinm lactonate, 580.- preparation of glycollic acid fromsugar, 231.K i t t i e r , E., differences of electric ten-sion between liquids in contact, withspecial reference to the state of con-centration, 491.Kjeldahl, N. J., fermenting power ofdiastase, 115.K l e i n , D., a solution of density 3.28suitable for mineral analyses, 1168.- borodecitungstic acid, 24. --- end its sodium salts,- cadmium borotungstate, 87’9. - sodium borotungstates, 224,879. - titanoborates, 880.K l ei n, Gt., experiments on sugar-beet,Klimenko, H., isomerides of lacticK l i n g e r , H., magnitudes of affinity inKnspp, H., action of ammonia andKnauer, F., value constant for beet,Knecht, W., and J.Unzeitig, u- andK n i e t sch.K no p, A., artificial production of hol-low pseudomorphs, 515.Knublauch, O., determination ofethylene and benzen? vapour in coal-- illuminating power of benzene, to-luene, ethylene, and ether, 329.Kocli, 9., mineral and rock enclosuxesin the basalt of the Yersaqer Gebirge,703.K b hl er, H., action of phosphenyl chlo-ride on some chlorides, 98. - action of phosphorus trichloride onbenzene, 91.Koelle, G., derivatives of naphthol, 177.v. Koener, pumice from Launsbach,393.K on i g, estimation of small quantitiesof phosphoric acid, 6 k4.K o n i g, A, estimation of reverted plios-phoric acid by means of ammoniuniciti ate, 464.- influence of ammonia on the esti-mation of bicalcium phosphate, 7’59.23.301.acid, 413.carbon, 679.amnes on chloroquinones, 812.851.,8-dinaphthylene oxide, 281.See L i e bermann.gas, 850.Konig, J., action of water in the pro-cess of irrigation, 638,- money-value o€ feeding stuff s,1067.Koenig, F., apparabus for stutlyingthe diffusion of carbon bisulphicle inthe ground, 650. - detection of rosaniline in wine,314.- fermentation of tartaric acid, 256.Kohlrausch, O:, mrv process of‘ ex-tracting tannin by means of dia1ys:P858.Kokschwow, N., materials for tlicmiceralogy of Russia, 523.Kolbe, H., destructive action of woodon salicylic acid, 212.- di- and tri-carbinoh, 82.Eoninck, L.L. de, aluminium phos-phate, 465. - preparation of hydrochloric acidgas, 135. - sdution of bromine as reagent, 193.Konovaloff, D., action of nitric acidon isobutplene, 400.- ieobutplene, 400. - vapour-tension of mixed liquids,K o s s el, A., phenol eth, rs in the snimslKos ter, A., inipwities in sodium bi-Kostitcheff, phosphoric acid in theKrsknu, A., quinoliile, 287. - quinoline reactions, 655.Kramer, E, feeding value of AlpincKramps. See Aronstein.K r a u s , C., growth of sprouts on pota-toes, 60.- influence produced 011 the growthof the plant by previously steepingthe seed, 300. - the influence on the growth ofpotato and Jerusalem artichoke plantsof allowing the “ sets” to decay he-fore planting, 456.K r a u t , K., inflammation by nitric acid,475.Kraut, K., and G.Merling, additioncompounds of atropic acid, 425.K r e n n e r , J. A., telluric silver fromBotks, in Transylvania, 364.Krestownikoff, RI., homo-itaconicacid, Sol.Krestownikoff. See also Markow-niko€f.K r e t s c h y , M., kjnuric acid, 827.I<retsohy. dee also B a r t h .Krocker, analjsis of seeds of plan-1093.body, 631.carbonate, 138-soil, 457.hay, 1065.tains, 1066.4 772 1206 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Krocke-r and H. G r a h l , manilringexperiments with various phosphates,1167.I i r u s e m a r k , P., citraconic and mesa-conic aeids, 416.K r u t w i g, J., action of khlorine on in-organic silver salts, 354.N i i h n , J.,-investigatim into the causeof beet sickness in l oils, 634.- prevention of lupine sickness, 934.Kiilz, E., action of mineral acids onglycogen, 569.-amount of glycogen in the liverand muscles after death, 628. - does glycogen occur in the blasto-derin of the chick ? 629. - does injection of sodium carbonateinto the pvrt!al vein cause the disap-pearance of. glycogen from the liver ?627. - format,ioii of glycogen in the liver,626. - formation of glycogen in muscle,629. - glycogen in the liver of hybernat-ing animals, 629. - influence of cold on the amount ofglycogen in the liver, 627. - influence of severe bodily exerciseon the amount of glycogen in theliver, 626.- maltose, 567.- nature of the sugar found in theliver after rigor mortis, 628.- quantitative estimation of glycogen,655.- Schtscherbakoff's A, B, C, and Dglycogen, 570. - specific rotatory power of glycogen,569.l i u l z , E,, andA. B o r n t r a g e r , elenien-tary composition of glycogen, 569.li u h a r a , M., phthalimide, 1039.l i n h n , the sand vetch, a new fodderKupfer-Schlaeger, separation of zincK u r b a t o w . See B e i l s t e i n .K u t s c h e r o f f , &I., direct addition ofwater to the hydrocarbons of theacetylene series, 883.plant, 1065.from cadmium, 849.- monobromethplene, 882. - oxidation of cholic acid, 926.Ii y n a s t o n, J. W., production of alu-minium sulphate free from iron fromaluminous minerals containing iron,666.L.L a Coste, W., henxarsinic acidand itsderivatir es, 168, 903.L a C o s t e, W., bromine derivatives ofquinoline, 741.Lade.See Claus.L a d e n b u r g , A,, alcamines, 1157. - constitution of tropine, 263. - hyoscine, 56. - the mydriatic or pupil-dilatingalkalo'ids, 446.trope'ines, 420.L a d e n b u r g , A., and L. R u g h e i m e r ,synthesis of tropic acid, 171.L a d UT e a u, A., chemical composit,ion oflinseed, 116, 753. - the r 6 b of fat in germination,55.L s f a u r i e , J., solid preparation of bisul-phide of carbon for Fines, 482.Lagermapk, A., tetrolic acid, 413.Lamansky, fluorescence, 214.L an dauer, J., absorption spectra ofchrpo'idine and related azo-colouringmatters, 591.Lan d o l t , H., inversion of the rotationof optically active substances, 257.- multiples of the rotatory powersof organic compounds, 403. - T. Thomsen's law of multiple pro-portions, 795.L a n d s h o f f . See Liebermann.Lange. See L i e b e r m a n n .Lange. See also L i p p m a n n .~ L a n g f e l d t, destruction of microscopicanimals in potable waters, 1179.Larsen, G., separation of copper andzinc by precipitation with sulphuret-tea hydrogen, 467.L a s a u l x , A. v., idocmse from Gleiiiitzand the Johnsberg, near Jordans-miihl, 381.nate, 371.- mineralogical notices, 236. - titanomorphit?, a new calcium tita-v. L a s a u l x . See also Galle.L a s n e and Bcnker, loss .of oxides ofnitrogen in the manufacturc of sul-phuric acid, and a means Qf prevent-ing it, 475.L as p ey r e s, H., mineralogical observa-tions, 543.L a t o u r , E , analysis of Lichen escwlentus, 931.L a t s c h i n o f f , P., on cliolic acid con-taining solid fatty acids, 158.Laubenheimer, d., and R.Gorinn,liSdrocyancarbodiplienyliniide, 163.Lauche, W., and A. O r t h , gardenmanuring experiments, 936.L a v a n d i e r . See P e l l e t .L e Bel, J. A., active propvl glycol,L e c h a r t i e r , G.,analysesofbuclrffheat,1021.1164IK.DEX OF AUTHORS. 1207L0 chmtier, G., presenceof phos~horusLe Chatelier, crpttslline hydratedL e Chatelier. See also Maillard.Lecher, E., absorption of the siin’srays by the carbonic anhydride of theatmosphere, 489.in the rocks of Brittany, 100.barium silicate, 683.- so-called chemical repulsion, 873.Leclerc.See Grandeau.Lecouteux, E., money value of stablemanure, 1076.Leeds, A. R., action of nitrogen per-oxide on carbon conipounds, 583.- action of ozone, nascent oxygen,and hydrogen peroxide on benzene,719. - preparation of ozone by heatingsubstances containing oxygen, 221. - production of hjdrogen peroxideby hydrogenised palladium - ozoben-zene, 898. - the invariebls production, not onlyof ozone and hydrogen peroxide, butalso of ammonium nitrate in the ozo-nation of purified air by moist phos-phorus, 506.Lefo rt, J., action of arsenic and phos-phoric acids on sodium tungstates,1107.Lefranc, specific identity of inulinsand of natural levulins, 149.Legler, L., etheric or ltlmpic acid,576.L e h n e, A., paraditolylhydrazine, 41.- pararlitolylnitrosamine, 41.Lellmann. See Hiibner.Lemetayer.See Pierre.Lemoi ne, G., dissociation, comparisonof formulse deduced* from expsri-ment, 1095.Lepel, F. v., alkanet red as a test formagnesium salts, 62. - vegetable colouring matters astests for magnesium salts, 63.Lepine, R., and Flavard, incom-pletely oxidised sulphur in the urine,298.L e Roux, F. P., electromotive force ofthe electric arc, 968.Lescoeur, H., hydrates of calciumchloride, 878.L c t t s, E. A., phosphorus - beta’ines,717.L e t t s . E. A., and N. Collie, salts oftetrabenzylphosphonium, 722.Leu z e, calcspar in basalt-tufa1 fromOwener Bolle, 998.Levallois, A., a sugar present in thegrain of Soja hispida, 1121.Levy, A,, influence of light on theripening of grapes, 930.LQvy.See also FouquB.L e x t r a i t , compound of strychnine withiodoform, ’748.L’Hote, L., phosphorite from the southof France, 766.L i c h t e n s t e i n , L., dry distillation ofaniline and paratoluidine niucates,721.Liddle. See Smith.Lieben, A., compounds of calciumchloride with the fatty acids, ’712.Lieben, A., and 5. Ziesel, condenwtion products of aldehydes and theirderivatires, ’710.-- reduction of crotonyl chloral,’711. -- synthesis of glycerol, 145.Liebenberg, fertilisation of cereals,633. - investigations on warmth in soils,1071.Lieberman n, C., alkyloxanthranols,608.- constitution of the thiourethanes,44.- conversion of P-naphthaquinone-anilide into a-nap,hthaquinoneanilide,1041. - derivatives of anthraquinone,100.Liebermann, C., and R. Knietsch,composition of mculin and zesculetin,10’7.Liebermann, C., and I;. Landshoff,action of nitric acid on anthracenedihjdride and etliylanthracene dihy-dride, 606. -- carnpouiicl of ether with plies-phorus pentachloride, 33.-- derivatirm of ethxl, am?],and methyl oxantliranols, 608.Liebermsnn, C., and A. Lange, leadplumbothioglycollate, 800.Liebermann, C., and L. L i n d e -man n, combinations of anthracenewith the oxides of nihvgen, 99.Liebermann, C., and H. M astbaum,amuletin, 610.Liebermann, C., and S. Yatanson,para- and ortho-tolylthiouretlia~e~,45.Liebermann, C., and S.E. Simon,hydroxyanthranol, 823.Liebermann, C., and T a u c h e r t ,catechin, 52.Liebermann, C., and G. Tobiils,synthesis of homologues of anthra-cene, ‘736,Liebermann, C., a n d w a l d e r , butyl-oxanthransl, 609.L i e b i s c h, T., analytical gpomekrictreatment of crystallography, 3981208 INDES OF AUTHORS.Liebschutz. See P e l l e t .Limorisin, S., explosion in preparingL i n i p r i cht, J., hydrazobenzenetetra-Linde, S., clover-sickness, 755.Lindemann. See Liebermann.L i n d o , D., estimation of potassium as- improvements in batteries, 1092.L i n d s t r O m, G., hedypliane containingbaryta from Laangban, 531.- thaumasite, a new mineral fromAareskatan, 235.Link, G., phlorglucolplitlialei’n andd iresorcino3 pht h ale‘in, 95.L i n t n e r , influence of malt on thequality and keeping properties of beer,1090.L i p p , A., mme derivatives of isobutd-dehjde, 84.Lippmann, the unit in absolute elec-trical measwements, 334.Lippmann, E., and R.Lange, con-densation of tertiary bases by nitricoxide, 161. -- hydroxycumic acid, 275.Lippmann, E. 0. v., inversion of rawsugar by carbonic acid, and some pro-perties of inverted sugar, 148. - lerulan, a new species of gum oc-curring in beetroot molasses: 888. - occuryence of malonic acid in themanufacture of beet sugar, 800.- preseiice of saccharin in osmosedsugar, 148.Lischke. See Clrtus.Liveing, G. D., and J. Demar, inves-tigations on the spectruni of mag-nesium, 957. -- on the history of the carbonspectrum, 957.-- on the identity of spectrallines of different elements, 957. -- on the spectra of magnesiumand lithium, 957. -- on the spectra of the com-pounds of’ carbon with hydrogen andnitrogen, 957. -- on the spectrum of water,957. -- reversal of the lines of metal-lie vapours, No. VII, titanium, chro-mium, and aluminium, 957.L i v e r s i d g e , A,, comparison of NewSouth Wales coals, 980. - composition of some coral lime-stones, &c., from the 8. 8ea Islands,1011. - formation of moss-gold and silver,687. - New South Wales minerals, 991.oxygen, 1097.sulphonic acid, 903.platinochloride, 1169.Liversidge, A., stilbite from Kergue--- water of hot springs in New Britain- water from a hot spring, Fiji Ts-- water from a hot spring, NewL1 o y d, J.U., citrate of caffeine, 447.- resin of Leptandra, 103.Lloyd. See aiso Mabery.Lockyer, J. N., note on the spectrum- note on the spectrum of hydrogen,- on a new method of spectrum ob-- on the iron lines widened in so1:ir- spectrum of iron in the sun, 669.Lo n n i e P, H., y - isophthalosulphonicacid and y-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 50.Lonnies. See also J a c o b s e n .Losch, A., lime-iron garnet from SJY-sertzk in the Urds, 538.Loew, O., free fluorine in fluorspar,785.Loew. See also v. Nageli.- schizomycetic fermentation ofLowe, J., note on incineration, 939.- tannin of oak bark, 901.Lowenhardt. See Schmidt.Low e n t h al, J., estimation of tannin,Lo ir, A., crystallisation of alums, 878.Long, J.H., electrical conductivity ofsaline solutions, 71.L o r d Rayleigh and A. S c h u s t c r ,determination of the ohm in absolutemeasure, 963.L o r enz, C., derivatives of piperond,727. - methylenecaffeic and methylene-homocaffeic acids and their derira-tives, 48.L o r e t a , H., dolomite of 8. Tyrol,27.L o r in, reaction without the interven-tion of a solvent, 873.L o ss en, W., the so-called differencrsin the quantivalence of a multivaleiitatom, 679.Louguinine, W., heat of combustionof alcohols of the ally1 series, 871. - heat of combustion of certain alco-hols and aldehydes of the fatty series,996. - heat of combustion of heptane andhexahy drotoluene, 11 13. - lieat of combustion of some com-pounds of the fatty series, 9.len’s Island, 695.and the Fiji Islands, 1019.lands, 564.Britain, 564.of carbon, 957.956.servation, 956.spots, 957.quiiiic acid, 602.473IXDEX OF AUTHORS.1209Lovisato, D., the Kinzigites of Cala-Lu barsch, O., fluorescence, 79.Lubavin, N., action of ammoniumcysnate on aldehydes, 796.-conversion of ethyl acetate intobutyric acid, 249.Ludwig, E.,and J. Maushner, detec-tion of hydrocyanic acid, 1175.Luedecke, O., mesolite and scolecite,1007.Lundvall. See Claesson.Lunge, G., determination of sulphur7 preparation of pure naphthalene,- technical notes, 322.Lunge, G., and T. S t e i n k a u l e r ,new hydrocarbon from Sequoia gigata-tea, 99.L u n in, N., importance of inorganicsalts in the feeding of animals, 1050.Lurie. See Birnbaum.Lux, F., fiavescin, a new indicator, 193.- simple aspirator, 192.L wo w, O., hexamethylethane, 399. - polymerisation of vinyl bromide,bria, 519.in pyrites, 193.1181.400.M.Mabery, C. F., and H. B. Hill, oxida-tion products of dimethyluric acid,39.Mabery, C. F., and Rachaei Lloyd,diiodobromacrylic and chlorobrom-acrylic acids, 1125.Mabery. See also Hill.Macagno, H., detection of anilinecolours in red wine, 659. - detection of artificial colouringmatttw in red wines by means of thespectroscope, 852.- strength of solutions of sulphur incarbon bisulphicie, and its applicationto the analysis of sulphur ores, 844.Macagno, I., estimation of carbon bi-sulphide, 308. - estimation of tauniii in sumach,1083.- influence of atmospheric electricityon the growth of grapes, 931.McCarter. 8ee Sadtler.Mach, E., and K.Portele, composi-tion of various parts of grapes, 1061.-- influence of acids on the pre-serration of wine, 1090.-- mashing of grapes, 126.Mc Houl, 1). A., derivatives of anthra-Macmunn, C. A., researches on thequinonesulphonic acid, 51.colouring matters of human urine andtheir artificial production from biliru-bin and from haemstin, 1056.Marc k er, M., employment of potassiumsalts as manure, 839. - manuring experiments with sugarbeets, 1078. - preservation of diffusion residuesfrom beet-sugar manufacture, 932. - relative d u e of soluble and in-soluble phosphates as manures, 1073. - stable dung as manure for beet,842.Magatti, G., a derivative of quinol,595.M a i l l a r d and Lc Chatelier, tenipe-rature of ignition of gaseous mixtures,778.-- velocity of propagation of in-flammation in explosive gaseous mix-tures, 971.Mallard, E., crystalline form of iron-manganese, 789. - production of crystallised ironphosphde and of anorthite by thefires in the coal beds at Cornmentry,690.M a l l a r d . See also Baumhauer.Mallet, J. W., chemical composition of- molecular weight of hydrofluoricM a1 y, R., changes of temperature dur-- formation of free sulphuric acidMaly, R., and F. H i n t e r e g g e r , cnf-Mann, W., methyldeoxybenzo’in, 1034.M a q u e n n e, regetation of oil produc-ing plants, 60.Marchand, E., the acidity of milk,473.M a r c h e t t i , C., action of aluminiumchloride on a mixture of naphthaleneand ethyl chloride, 1041.Marec k, F., pigment for floors, wood,stone, and brickwork, 483. - quantitative determination of silveri n galranic silver baths, 468.Marie-Davy, H., experiments withsewage, 936.Marignac, C., the earths of samar-skite, 7’3.Markownikoff, W., a six-carbonglycerol, 145.- dichlorliydrin and its osidation-products, 1120.- itaconic anhydride, 155.Markownikoff, \V., and A.Kres-tow n ili o ff, tetrylene - dicarboxylicacid $iomoitaconlc acid), 1127.guanaguatite, 361.acid, 973.ing digestion, 926.in the Qasteropoda, 298.feine and theobromine, 74711210 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Marpmann, interference of bacteriawith brewing, 1090.Marsden, R.S., preparation of ada-mantine carbon or diamond, 652.M a r t in, K.. phosphorite limestones ofthe island of Bonaire, W. Indiw, 391.M n s c a r t , absolute measurement of cur-rents of electrolysis, 958.Ma s i n g, E., examination of variouskinds of gum arabic and of traga-canth, 212.Ma s on, A. H., adulterated linseed oil,4473. - hSdrogen peroxide, 474.Massie, F. A., analysis of amphibolefrom Amelia Co., Va., 538.- composition of dnfrenite fromRockbridge Co., Va., 529.Mastbaum. See Ziebermann.M a t they, preparation of platinum, '792.MaumenB, E. J., action of nitric acidon metals, 876. - actiolz of sulphuric acid recentlyheated to 320' on oils, 971.- ammonium carEonate, 414.-- decilene, 1021.- decomposition of mercuq and sil-Ter cyanides, 794. - new method of analpsing oils,1084.Mauro, P., and L. Danesi, newmethod for the volumetric estimationof molybdenum, 1083.Maushner. See Ludwig.M a u t h n e r , J., and W. Suida, bromi-nated propionic and acrylic acids,889.Mayenqon, presence of cerium in thecoal measures of St. Etienne, 21.MRyer, A., action of rennet undervarious conditions, 1183.- American preserred meats, 771. - estimation of the absorptive powerof soils, 637. - inflilence of an increased quantityof carbonic anhydride on the growthof plants, 1060. - nianuring with potassium salts,840.- oxygen and alcoholic fermentation,479.May er, A., and others, fermentation inpresence of organic salts, 836.Mayer, L., new method for the estima-tion of arsenious in presence of arsenicacid, 195.Me dic u 8, testing the progress of putre-faction in manure heaps, 937.Medicus, L., and others, butter ana-lysis, 66.Meier. See C r a f t s .Meise, Chunnos potatoes from Peru,932.Meissl, E., specific rotatory power oflactose, 150.Meldola, R., nitroso-P-naphtholsul-phonic acid, 436.Melikoff, O., formation of a- and p-chloroIactic acids. 154.- P-iodolactic acid, 712.Mendel, H.J., preparation of food forpigs, 302.Mendele j eff, D., history of periodicatomicity, 138.Men ~c h u t kin, N., determination ofthe reaction-values of the componentsof alcohols and acids, 1117.influence of isomerism of alcoholson the formation of ethereal salts, 36.- influence of isomerism of glycolson the formation of their acetates,144. - influence of isomerism of mono-basic saturated acids on etherification,39. - influence of isomerism on theetherification of alcohols and acids,883. - polyhydric alcohols, 146.Merlin g, G., addition-products of at,ro-Merling. See also K r a u t .Merz, T., and W. Weit,h, amalgams,-- etherification of phenols, 264. -- lecture experiments, 18. -- mononaplithylamines fromnaphthols, 605.M e u ge o t, A, formation of permanentlygreen crystals of chromic chloride,352.pic acid, 1143.881.Meulen. See Mulder.Meunier, F., asparagine, 761. - composition of n-heat,-nshes, 754. - distribution of sugar in sorghum,60.Meunier, S., a source of atmosphericcarbonic anhydride, 72.- lithological and geological examina-tion of a meteorite wliich fell 15thOctober, 18'72, near Soko-Ban$,Servia, 101'7.- eynthetic imitation of meteoricnickel-iron, 1018. - spthetic production of nativesilicates of alumina and alkaline silico-aluminates, 350.Me ye r, A., potassium salts as manures,469.Meyer, E., cpnetliine and new basesderived from it, 54.Meyer, L., atomic weight of glucinnin,139. - evaporation without fusion, 133,678IWDEX OF AUTHORS. 1211Meyer, L., periodic ntomicit,F, 138.Meyer, L., and 0. Sc-hu~nann, trans-piration of vapows, 504.Meper, P. J., a new phenjlthiohydan-toic arid, 1039. - ethyl mono- and di-chlorothiace-tate. Action of phosphorus pentasnl-phide on chlorinated acctic acids, 890.Meyer, R., and A.B a u r , introductionof the hydroxyl group by directoxidation, 45.M e y e r, R., and H. B o n e r, oxidation ofisocymcnesulphonic acid, 818.Meyer, V., determination of the densi-ties of permanent gases, 137. - vapour-density of chlorine, 219._I vapour-deneity of the halogens,872.Meyer, V., and E. J. Constam, ethyl-azaurolic arid, 895.Meyer, V., and F. P. T r e a d w e l l , ke-tines, 796.Meyer. See also D&h&rain, Ga-b r i e l s , P o s t , a n d M u s c u l u s .Michael, A., a new formation of stil-bene and some of its deriTatiTes,1150. - a new formation of ethylthiocarbi-mide, 1128.- action of aromatic hydroxj-acids onphenols, 592. - ethylphthalic acid, 114'1. - preparation of formic alilehjde,1123.Michael, A., and C .C u n d e l a c h ,synthesis of methylcorine and consti-tution of conine, 825.Michael, A., and L. M. N o r t o n , mo-nobromocrotonic acids, 7'98.Michaelis, A., ethylphosphodichlorideand its homologues, 158.Bfichselis, A., and F. Bccker, at-tempts to prepare boron oxytrichlo-ride, 682.M i c h a e l i s , A., and C . Panek, benzo-phosphinic acid, 603.Michaelis,A., and C. S c h u l t e , ar-senobenzene, 722.Michel-Levy, A., sillimanite in thegneiss of the Morvan, 1006.T. M i l l e r . See IIofmann.M i l l e r , O., nnphthaquinone, 3041.M i l l o t, M. A. , retrograde phosphoricacid, 62.31 i 11 e, E. J., on chemical repulsion,971.Miquel, P., and L. Beiioist, sterilisa-tion of animal and vegetable liquids,835.Mitschke-Collande, F., relation ofwool to body weight in merino sheep,1054.N i x t e r , W.G., compounds of thearomatic aminev with silver nitrateand sulphate, 1129.NQlilau, R., action of primary aroma-tic amines on acetophenone bromide,262.Mijller, J., aild J. P o h l , seeds ofCassia occidentalis from Martinique,4s3.Miiller, H., cpanamido-compounds ofsuccinic acid, 258.Mois s an, H., chromous bromide, iodide,and oxalate, 685. - metallic oxides of the iron group,74. - preparation and properties of chro-mous chloride and sulphate, 684.- sesquioxide of chroniium, 21.Moissan. See also f i t a r d .Moitessier. See Engel.M o l e s c h o t t and others, influence oflight on chemioal action in aninlals,833.Moore, T., separation of cobalt andnickel from iron, 11'71.Moot, C.G., action of iodine on phcs-phorus trichloride, 138.Morawski, T., lead glycerides and thequantitative estimation of glycerol,145.Bf o r g e 11, A ., solubility of certainmanure materials, 120. - use of the azotometer for agricul-tuml investigations, 464.M o ~ i n , H., essence of haloes, 738.- gelose, 403.M o r i t z , J., analyses of mine and must,Moritz. See also Claisen.RI orley, H. T., isopropylneurine, 151.Morton, H., displucement of the ab-sorption-bands of purpurin in alumsolutions, 488.Morse, H. N., estimation of barium aschromate, 848.MorPe, H. N., and TV. C . Day, deter-mination of chromium in chrome ironore, 942.Moser, J., the circuit produced by thereaction-current of electrol-sis and byeraporation and condensation, 1092.h f o t t , H.A., effects of alumina salts ondigestion, 189.Mugge, O., felspar from the rhombicporphyrj of Christiana, 1019.M u l l e r , A., irrigation with pewage,842. - purification of foul water, 554.M i i l l e ~ , C., estiniation of phosphornsin slag from blast furnaces, 939.M u l l e r , C., and W. C . Rliiller-S chee-se], comparative experiments on tlie10901212 IXDEX OF BlTTHORS.manurial values of soluble, reduced,and precipitated phospliatos on sandysoils, 758.31 u 1 1 e r, M., technology of glass, 823.Rluller, W., and J. Hagen, decom-positions which occur in the use ofTroinnier’s test, 793.I- reduction of cupric hydrate inalkaline fluids, 795.- reduction of cupric hydrutc inneutral and acid mixture9 of grape-sugar, 795. - sensitiveness of Trommer’s test,and Fehling’s solution as a qualitativereagent for sugar, 831.Muller-Erzbach, W., tension ofaqueous v q o u r in presence of diff‘eelenth) groscopic bodies, 782.- volume relations in the formationand decomposition of salts, 219. - volume relations of haloicl salts, 71.Bluller. Seealso Claus.Mulder, E., action of bromine onuranil, 801.Mulder, E., and H. G. L. Meulen,action of zinc-ethyl on ethyl tartrate,71 4.BIuiik, E., and others, nutritive \ d u eof glycerol, 114.&I u 11 t z, A., cultivation of hops, 931.- influence of food on the constitu-tion of the fat of animals, 762.Muiitz, A., and B.Aubin, estimationof carbonic anhydride in the air, 468. - piwportion of carbonic anhydridein the air, 873.Musculus, F., modifications of starch,888.Musculus, F., and A. Mcyer, coil-version of glucose into dextrin, 570.- erjthrodextrin, 570.Musso, G., lactic acid and alcoholicMus so, G., and others, ripening ofMu t e r, J., volumetric estimation of&l J li us, E., estimation of morphine infermentation of milk, 9M.cheese, 1184.glycerol, 1174.opium, 945.N.Niigeli, C., nutrition of thelower fungi,1058.Niigeli, v., and 0. I, o ew, nutritionof thelower orders of fungi by carbonaceousand nitrogenous matter, 299.N a n q u e t t e , and others, gypsum asmanure, 1076.Narr, F., discharge of electricity i ngases and high vacua, 70.Nasini, R., specific rotatory power ofNasini.See also C a r n e l u t t i .N a t ans o n. See Lieb e r ma 11 n.Nawokiclii Matsui, exaniinntion ofthe raw inaterials used for Arita yor-celain, 667.Neale, A., and others, new fermenta-tion of beetroot molasses, 770.Keelson, F., blue milk, 1035.Nencki, M., and I?. Giacosa, osirla-tion of aromatic hydrocarbons in theanimal organism, 632.Nencki, M., and N. Sieber, com-pounds of monobasic and clibasic acidswith phenols, 591, 811.N e r g e r, C., comparative manuring ex-perimcnts, 1079.N e s s l e r, J ., winposition and uuwliole-sonie cffects of a potato sugar, 332. - fermentation of ltalian wines,1090.N e w b u ry, preparation of croton aldc-K i a u d e t , A., sound of the clectric arc,959.Kickels, B., removal of carbon bisul-phide from commercial benzene, 770,950.Nies, A., two new minerals from theXlenora mine on the Dumberg, nearGieasen, 525.Nies, I?., and A.Winllelmanri,changes in volume of some metals oufusion, 738.N i e t z k i, R., “ Biebricli scarlet,” 175.Nilson, L. P., atomic weight of glu-cinum, 140.Nilson, L. F., and 0. Pettersson,molecular heat and volume of the rareearths and tlieir sulpliateu, 491. - properties and chemical charactersNinger, F., influence of frost onNobbe, P., germinationof fir seeds, 931.ISoLle, and F. -4. d b e l , note on t l i uexistence of potassium tliiosulphatein the solid residue of fired guii-powder, 97 7.Noel, G., action of light on silverbromide, 862.Nolting, E.,and E.Salis, cresolnitro-derivatives, 725.Norcllinger, v., hardness and resist-ance of wood, 136.Nor d e n s kiold.Nordenstroin, G., occuirence ofanthracite in an iron mine in Norberg,Sweden, 359.N o r d s t r b m, T., and) yes of minerals,532.pwasnntonide, 919.hydc, 405.of gluc111u1u, 511.aiialyses of sugar-beets, 1084.See B e r t randINDEX OF AUTHORS. 12130.CEconomides, S., action of ammonia- action of phosphorus pentacliloride- preparation of isobutylal, 711.0 e h m e, and others, succcssful growth0 e r u m and D it z el, nutritive value0 f f e r, H., Guthrie’s cryohydrates, 216.0 g i e r, J., chloride, bromide, and iodide- thermocheinistry of the bromidesOgier. See also E e r t h e l o t .Oglialoro, B., phenoxycinnamic acid,Oglialoro. See also P a t e r n b .0 g l o b 1 i n e, commercial petroleums,Oppenau, F., stripping of maize, 837.O p p e r m a n n .See Tiemann.0 r t h . See Lauche.Oser, J., and W. K a l m a n n , a newderivative of gallic acid, 815.0 s s i k o v s z k 9 , J., arsenious sulphide asa poison, and its importance injudicial cases, 123.0 s s i p off, halogen derivatives offuinaric and maleic acids, 416.O s t w a l d , W., chemical a5nity, 17. - determination of chemical affinity,783. - volumetric deterinination of thecheinical influence of mass. Part 111.On the mass influence of water, 497.0 t to, R., detection of zinc in toxicolo-gical cases, 194.O t t o , R., and 11.B e c k u r t s , constitu-tion of glyoxylic acid, 1030.0 t t 0, R., and G. G a bler, comparativeexamination of samples of magnesiumcarbonate, 208.on isobutplidene chloride, 793.on isobutaldehyde, 709.of flax in Saxony, 60.of gelatin, 1049.of sulphur, 673.and iodides of phosphorus, 219.275.330.O t t o . See also B e c k u r t s .0 udemans, A. C., conquinamine,1154.0 wens. See Clarke.P.P a b s t . See G i r a r d .P iit o w-L a 1 e n d o r f, best method ofmanuring potatoes, 61.P a t z , C., removal of iron from newlj-broken soil, 638.P a g e , W. T., analysis of a highlyaluminous pyroxene from AmhurstCo., Va., 554. - examination of an altered 1ivi:ig-stoiiite from Gunclalcazar, 518.P a g e , W. T., examination of living-stoiiite from a new Mexican locality,517.- solubility of carbon bisulphide inwater, 580.P a g n o u l , A., cultivation of beetroot,60.Panek. See Michaelis.P a p a s o g l i , G., action of carbonic acidon potassium iodide and on ozono-scopic papcrs, 975.P a r k e r , J. S., varying condition ofcarbon in steel, and its in5uence onEggertz’s proccss, 466.P a r m e n t i e r , F., silico-molybdates,880.P a r n e l l , E. A., nietallurgic treatmentof complex ores containing zinc,668.,P a r r i s c u s . See Tiemann.P a r s o n s , A. B., analysis of damiana,P a s t r o v i t c h . See Schwarz.Y a t e r n b, E., analysis of native sodium- organic fl iiorine compounds, 597.P a t e r n b , E., and F.Canzoneri, syn-thesis of thymol, 593.P a t c r n a , E.,and A. Oglialoro, re-marks on tlie chemical nature ofpicrotoxin, 440.P a t e r n 6 , E., and S. S c i c h i l o n e , syn-thesis of aromatic aldehydes by niemi~)of chromyl chloride, 4.23.P a v y , E. W., physiology of sugar inthe animal system, 1058.Pamlewski, B., a simple metiiod ofdetermining boiling points, 6-12. - acid from Escuin album, 441.P e c h m a n n , H. v., compounds oforthobenzoylbenzoic acid with phenols,96.P e i t z s c h, B., and others, estimationof phosphoric acid, 194.P e l l e t , H., action of animal charcoal inthe sugar manufacture, 127. - ammonia in plants, 116. - constancy in composition of plants,753.P e l l e t , H., and G r o b e r t , J., determi-nation of salicylic acid in food-stuffsby a colorimetric reaction, 1175.P e l l e t , I€., and C.L a v a n d i e r , nutri-tive value of diffusion pulp and pulpfrom the hydraulic press, 933.P e l l e t , H., and M. Liebscliutz,analysis of beet seeds, 757.P e l l e t . See also Champonnois.P e l l i e u x , J., and E. A l l a ~ y , an iodo-- manufacture of iodine, 207.P e l l i e us. See also A l l a r e p .106.sulphate from Sicily, 524.metric process, 8071214 INDEX OF AUTHORS,Penfield, S. L., analyses of some apa-tites containing manganese, 364. - chemical composition of children-ite, 365.P e r g e r , H. R., formation of dihydro-anthranol, and of anthracene fromanthraquinone, 607.P e r k i n s, B., determination of cmbonin water residues, 197.- estimation of nitrates in river-water, 1173.P e r n e t, J., variation of the fixed gointsin mercury thermometers, 4.P e r r y , J., and W.X. A y r t o n , a pre-liminary account of the reduction ofobservations on strained ma,terial, Ley-den jars, and voltameters, 963.P e s c i , L., atropine, 293.P e t e r , H., milk analpis, 1184.P e t e r . See also S c h r o d t .P e t e r m a n n , A., African guano,- analysis of cocoa- and pdm-meal,- composition of ‘‘ diffusion ” and- composition of two samples of- presence of Born-cockle seeds inP e t e r s, J. F., manuring experiments,P e t i t , A., rapid estimation of uric acid,P e t r i , W., derivatives of itwonic, mesa-P e t r i . See Anscliutz.Y e t t e r s o n , O., Lotliar Mqer and theP e t t erson.See also Nilson.3’ f af f, influence of change of tempera-ture and pressure on double refrac-tion, 334. - variability of the angles of crystals,356.P h i l i p p a r , E., on swedes, 756.P liipson, T. L., a curious actinic phe-- actinium, a new metal, 1104. - grains of ailica and micrococci inthe atmosphere, 615. - rusting of iron, 512.P i c c i n i , A., separation and estima-tion of nitric and nitrous acids,1080.P i c k c r i n g, S. U., oxides of manganese,789.P i e r r e , I., and Lemetayer, springbarley as green fodder, 755.P i e s s e , C. H., and L. S t a n s e l l ,analyses of black and white mustard,205.758.301.“ press ” residues, 301.peat, 641.meals, 317.1079.945.conic, and citraconic acids, 1032.latest discovery in physics, 133.nomenon, 863, 1092.Pieszczek, E., new.fossil resins fromP i n n e r , A., condensation ofacetone,706.Yinner, 8.) and W. Schumann,ac-tion of hydrochloric acid on thiocar-bamides and thiocyilnic ethers iiipresence of alcohol, 811. -- action of sodium and carbo-iiic anhydride on allylene chloride,793.P i t s ch, O., organic matters in soil ;examination of‘ Grandeau’s theory,117. - the humus extracted from soil byalkalis, 839,P i z z i, A., detection of logwood in wine,761.P l i m p t o n , R. I?., amylamines frominactive mnyl alcohol, 83.P 1 o c h 1, J., action of liydrocyanic acidon hydrobenzamide, 820.- lead formate acetate, 86.- phenylamido-acetic acid, 168.P l o h n . SeeSttida.P l o t h o . See S c h r o d t .P o c h i n , W., slag obtained during theP oh 1, pilocarpine, 44.7.P o h l . See also Moller.Pogge-Roggow, H., manuring experi-ments with mangold-wurzel and beet,61-East Prussia, 687.dephosphorising of iron, 328.Poleck. See B i e f e l .P o m ey, E.,phosphoplatinic compounds,P o r t ~ e l e , K., milk of Tyrolese cows,- use of salicylic acid in the dairy,P o r t e l e . See also Mach.B o r u m b a r u , cobaltamines, 1106._c gelose, 403.P o s t , J., action of sulphuric acid onthe substituted nitro- and amido-benzenes, 91.P o s t , J., and C. Gt. Meyer, mets-cl~loronitro- and metachloramido-ben-zenesulphonie acids, 1037.P v t i 1 it z in, A., action of dry hydrogenon anhydrous halo‘id salts, 6.- displacement of chlorine by bro-mine in potassium chloride, 342. - double decomposition in absence ofwater, 342.- reciprocal displacement of thehalogens in absence of water, 134.- tliermochemistry of double deconi-position in aqueous solutions of salts,869.P o u c h e t , A. G., destruction of organicmatter when searching for metallicpoisons, 463.802.1163.1185INDEX OF AUTHORS. 1215P r e c h t, H., formation of hydrogen inthe Stassfurt potmh mines, 227.P r e c h t , H., and B. W i t t j e n , SO~U-bility of mixtures of salts of the alka-lis and alkdine earth-metals, 978.Presser, K., cotton-seednieal as fodderfor milch cows, 636.P r i n z . See Wagner.P r u n i e r , L., and E.Vnrenne, pro-Pr z y h p t ek, oxidation .of erythrol and- oxidation of glycerol by nitric acid,P u t ~ t k a m n i e r and others, use of lu-ducts from petroleum coke, 239.glycerol, 402.1021.pines as fodder, 116.Q u a j a t , E., combustibility of .tobacco,68.Quinquand, estimation of urea bymeans of standard sodium hypobro-mite, 1085.RRadianu, 8. P., mechanical andchemical analyses (of Roumanian soil,935.R a d z i s z e w 6 k i, B., phosphorescenceof organic and organised bodies, 488.Raffelt, R., alumite from Miihl-hausen, near Kralup, in Bohemia,691.Ramann, E,, decomposition af waterby metallic iron, 879.- passive state of iron, 872.Rammelsberg, CC., chemical composi-tion of the micas, 533.L- composition af descloizite and thenatural vanadium compounds ingeneral, 1000.- composition of kjerulfin, 230. - composition of pollucite from- molecular properties of tin and- strychnine sulphate, 831.Ramsa?, W., on the critical state ofgases, 971.R a o u l t , F. XI., action of carbonic anhy-dride on barium and strontium oxides,878. - action of dry carbonic anhydrideon quicklime, 348.R a t h , G. v., contributions to miner-alogy, 548. - mineralogical contributions, 231.Elba, 1005.zinc, 685.R a t h , G. v., and A. Damour, kentro-lite, a new mineral species from Chili,554.Rau, H. M., benzolone and benzostil-bene, 591.Rautenberg. See Claus.Raymond, R. W., the dunite of theJenka Mine, Macon Co., N. Carolina,540.Reboul, E., action of methylamine onepichlorhydrin, 1122.- action of trietlijlamine on themonohalord paraffin-derivatives froinsecondary and tertiary alcohols, 1024.R e bo LI 1, wine from raisius, 198.R e b uf f a t , O., barium and calciumcinnamates, 598.Rechenburg, C. v., heat of comhua-tion of carbon compounds, 10, 135.Regnier, E., efficiency of secondarypiles, 868.R e i c h a r d t , E., drstection and estima-tion of arsenic, 193. - examination of the Grossluderminerd spring a t Salzschlirf, 29.Reichel, l?., estimation of arsenic asmagnesium pyroarsenate, 467. - qualitative separation of cobaltfrom nickel, 194.Reimer, C. L., action of bromine onbenzyl cyanide, and on phenylaceticacic! a t high temperatures, 47.- alphatoluylamide, 43.R e i n gruber, F., methylnaphthalene,436.R e i n h a r d t , H., and R. I h l e , electro-lytic estimation of zinc, 1170.R e i n i t z e r , B., solid compound ofboron and hJdrogen, 507.Reinke. See Rodewald.Reinsch, H., coal, 107. - manganese dioxide containing an-timony, 141.v. Re i s, M. A., specific heat of organiccompounds and its relation to themolecular weight, 963.- use of oxalates in analysis, 843.v. Reis. Seealso Classen and H a l -bers t a d t,Reiset, J., proportion of carbonic an-hydride in the atmosphere, 19.Remont, A., action of flame on plati-num, 882..- analyEis of heavF mineral, resin,and fatty oils, and of resin in oils ofcoinmerce, 202. - ebtimation of salicylic acid inbeverages, 944.- separation of wool and silk in tex-tile fabrics, 1177. - conduct of finely-divided irontowards nitrogen, 11041216 IXUEX OF AUTHORS.Reniont, A., deposition of copper oniron in a magnetic field, 962.Renisen, I., and W. Burney, sulpho-terephthalic acid, 819.Remsen.Re n a r d, A. , electrolysis of toluene,721. - products of the distillation ofcolophony, 738.R e n n i e , E. I€., acids of the Australiancurrant, 1033. - double salts of nieconic acid, 418.Reno u a r d, A., steeping hemp, 132.Renouf, E., dimethylhgdrazine, 151.R e us s, injurious effect of furnace gaseson the woods of the Upper Harz,1064, 1179.R e y n i e r, E. , Faure’s secondary electricpile, 671.Ricciardi, L., comparison of diseasedand sound lemon trees, 300.- lavas from the neighbourhood ofCatania, 701. - on Aint, 1003.Richard, A., minerals of the Sarrabusmine, Sardinia, 359.R i c h a r d , A., and A. B e r t r a n d , mag-nesium and potassium platinocyanide,240.Riche, A., margarin, a substitute forbutter and lard, 209. - bismuth subnitrate, 14.1Richet, C., fermentation of urea,1059.R i c h e t , C., and G. B o u c h a r d a t ,chlorinated derivatives of strychnine,292.R i c h t e r, M., dinaphthglmethane, 281.Riegler, W., descent of rain waterRimmington, F. M., analysisof coffee,- method for examination of coffee,Risler. See Claus.R i t t h a u s e n , H., action of salt solu-tions on conglutin and legumin, 1160. - crystalline albuminoi’ds from dif-ferent oil-seeds, 833.- vicin and convicin, 1158.R j abinin, K., methyl and ethyl ethersof diallylcarbinol, 404.Roberts, W., estimation of the amglo-lytic and proteolytic activity ofpnncreatic extiwts, 105 1.R o b e r t s , W. C., steel for the manu-facture of dies, 856.Rodewald and J. Reinke, composi-tion of protoplasm, 753.Rodewald, H., and B. Tollens, for-mation of levitlic acid from niik-sugar, 410.See also Coale and Hall.down tree stems, 61.473.1177.Rodwell, G. F., effects of heat on thechloride, bromide, and iodide of silver,and on some chlorobromiodides of sil-ver, 495, 965. - expansion coefficients of lend iodideand of an alloy of lead iodide mirhsilver iodide, 966.R o em e r, C., deoxplizarin, 823.RO se, B., ethereal salts of carbonic acid,251.Rosing, B., the Zundererz, or tinder-ore of Clausthal, 24.R o h l and Gt.Hess, prevention of rotin potatoes, 1066.Rohre. See Claus.Rol la n d, G., occurrence of mercury inR o m a n i s, R., analysis of rice soils from- hot spring a t Natmoo, near SIaul-Romanese. See B e l l a t i .R o s ens t i e h 1, A., Baeyer’s process for- existence of three isomeric rosa-Roser, L., synthesis of ketonic acids,R o t h , L., a new occurrence of gismon-B o t h e r , R., coccus red, 130.R o u s s e t and others, Phylloxera m s -tatrix, and means of destroj ing it, 81 2.Rou x, rapid method for the estimatianof lead, 849.ROUX, E. A., yeast incapable of pro-ducing invertive fermentation, 632.Roux. See also Chamberland.Rowland, H.A,, the mechanical equi-Rowland. See also S a d t l e r .Royl, C. H., colours of thin blowpipeR u b n e r, M., absorption of food passing~ decomposition of pease in the intes-Rubner, fluid meat, 451.R u d n e w, W., products from the manu-facture of petroleum gas, 329.R ii d i g e r, A., amlyses of ice, 2b7.R u g h e i m e P, L., etliylatrolactic a d ,- phenylsuccinic acid, 599.Riigheimer. See also Ladenburg.Riimpf, J., crystalline structure ofnpophyllite, 397.Russell, W. J., absorption spectra ofcobalt salts, 486, 957.Russell, W. J., and S. West, relationof the urea to the total nitrogen ofthe urine in disease, 1055.California, 689.Burmah, 838.main, British Burmah, 1019.the synthesis of indigotin, 98.dines, 263.731.dine, 26.valent of heat, 491.deposits, 489.through the human body, 1050.tine of man, 187.600IXDEX OF AUTHORS.1217Russell. See also West.Ruyssen, F., and E. Varenne, solu-bility of mercurous chloride in hydro-chloric acid, 881.L_- solubility of silver chloride inhydrochloric acid, 880.S.Saalfeld, E., Palembang benzoin, 101.S abanejeff, boiling points of ethyleneS a b a t i e r, P., iron chlorides, 964. - thermochemical researches on theSadebeck, A., the crystal system ofSadlow, K., tanning, 481.1186.Sadtler, 8. P., and H. Gt. McCarter,petrocene, a product of the destructivedistillation of petroleum, 1128.S a d t l e r , S. P., and W. L. Bowland,colouring-matters from Beth-a-barrawood, 1042.St.C a p r a n i c a , S., new guanine re-action, 655.St. Claire-Deville. See Broch.St. M a r t i n , L., estimation of the re-Salis. See Kolting.Salkowski, E. and H., skatole-formingSalleron, J., changes in glass by heat-Salomon and M. H e r t e r , method ofSalzer, T., Nessler’s test for ammonia,Samek, J., cultiration of various agri-S a r a u e r , P., preservation of fruit inS arauw, E., quinone-depivatives, 1135.Sarlay. See Sen hofer.S a r r a s i n . See F r i e d e l .S a r r a u and Vieille, decomposition ofexplosives in closed vessels, 483.-- decomposition of potassiumpicrate, 1033. -- heat of formation of explo-sives, 968. -- heat of formation of guncotton, 342.Saytzeff, A., calcium and bariumsalts of diethyl- and methylpropyl-acetic acids, 408.Scichilone.See Pat.ernb.S c h a c h e r 1, G., boiling point of chlorineand ethane derivatives, 399.sulphides, 492.manganite, 364.sidues of wines, 1086.substance, 175.ing, 5.preserving brewers’ grains, 951.940.cultural plants, 106P.winter, 132.tetroxide, 345.gchacherl, Cr., preparation of mono-bromo- and dibromo-succinic acids,577.Schacht, C., estimation of the alka-lords in quinine wine, 204.S c h a f f e r t, F., manuring experimentson “ Donanmoos,’) 935.S c h a f f e r , F., mycoprotci’n, 449.S c h a ri z e r, R., notices on some AustrianSchaumann. Sec Pinner.Ycheibe, E., borocitrates, 88.S chcibler, C., relation between crys-talline form and rotatory power ofcertain carbohydrates, 245.- saccharin and saccharinic acid,149.Scheibler. See also Jiinemann.S che u r e r -K es t ner, new methods forthe desulphurisation of alkalinc solu-tions, 766.Schiaparelli, C., ethereal salts ofphenyl, and some of their derivatives,602.minerals, 544.Schidt. See Goldschmidt.Schiff, H., a modXcation of helicin,- acetyl derivatives of aesculin and--- decomposition of glucosides by- researches on glucosides, 610.Schiff, R., action of bromine andchlorine on nitrocamphor, 438.Schiff er, J., occurrence and origin ofmethylamine and methylcarbamide inwine, 631.S c h i 11 e r, R., drainage - water frommoorland, 11 7.Schimper, A. F. W., formation ofstarch grains, 1061. - growth of starch grains, 1061.S c h i ~ d l e r , P., influence of tempera-ture on the germination of buntspores, 455.Schirnier - Neuhaus, cultivation offurze, 116.Schirokoff, A., conrersionof hydroxy-valeric acid from alljldimethglcnr-binol into isopropglacetic acid, 414.Schloessing, T’., constancy of theproportion of carbonic anhydride inthe atmosphere, 19.- magnesia industry, 1087, 1180.Schlum berger, applications of salicy-Schmelck, T., results of NorwegiaiiSchmidt, C., “ black-earth” of Russia,- examination of various soils and439.aesculetin, 180.heat, 439.lic acid, 860.Korth Sea expedition, 81.1OiO.subsoils, 4561218 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Schmidt, E., alkalo'ids from belladonna- calfcine, 746.- calcium double salt of niettijlcro-tonic and isobutylformic acids, 1136.- methylcrotonic and angelic acids,1126.Schmidt, E., and E. Lowenhardt,constituents of the seed of CocculusSchmidt, H., and G. S c h u l t z , benzi--- diphenylbenzenes, 435.Schmidt, J. G., action of acetone onf urfuraldehyde and benzaldehyde inpresence of alkalis, 859. - action of aldehyde on furfuralde-hyde, 247. -- action of furfuraldehyde on alde-hydes and acetone in presence of soda,573.8 c 11 m o e g er, &I., a hitherto unobservedproperty of milk-sugar, 151.Schneider, R., atomic weight of anti-mony, 78. - beliaviour of iodine and arsenioussulphide at high temperatures, 686.S chne ider, G. H., rotatory power ofmalic acid and its salts, 892.S c 11 ii nac 11, J., solubility of a mixtureof sodium and potassium chlorides,223.and Datura Stramonium, 293.i d i c u r , 740.dine, 909.Sch one, E., atmospheric ozone, 345.- observations made on the atmo-sphere with thallium pnpers, 20.- proof of the existence of ozone inthe atmosphere, 20.Scholtz, R., double platinocyanides,70'7.S c hoo p, O., action of diniethylanilineon ethylene bromide and acetylenetetrabromide, 160. - sulphoterephtlialic acid, 278.S c h r a u f , A., arsenates from Joachims-- eggonite, 236.- phosphoriscd copper ores, 368.S c h r e d e r, J., decomposition of rufigal-lic acid, 282.S,chrcincr, L., two remarkable cases ofmetamerism in carbon compounds,88.S c hro d t , M., creaming milk in earthenpans, 771.S c h r o d t , M., and H. v. Peter, Ameri-can fleshmeal for milch COWS, 758.S c h r o d t , M., and v.P l o t h o , crcam-ing of milk by surface cooling, 857.S c h r o d t , M., and others, feeding ofcows n ith rice meal, 297.!chroder, H., density and molecularvoluiiic of certain acetates, 969.thal, 532.S c h r o d e r , H., specific gravity andvolume-constitution of formates, 496. - volume-constitution of liquid com-pounds, 13, 220. - volume-constitution of sulphates,chromates, and seleimtes, 137.S c h r o d e r , W., and others, formationof hippuric acid in the animal or-ganism, 928.S c h r o t t e r , H., reduction products ofcamphor, 100.S c 11 ii t z en b erg er, P., carboglucosicacid, 1033. - hyposulphurous acid, 976. - sodium hyposulphite, 682.Scliu tzenberger, P., and Tonine, N.,composition .of petroleum from theS c h u 1 e r u d, I;, action of hydrochloricacid on organic amides, 42.Schulte.See Mirhaelis.Schulten, A., artificial analciine, 25.S c h u l t z , G., constitution of diphenyl- diphenyl bases, 907.Schultz, G., and H. S t r a s s e r , di-phenyline and d-diamidodiphcnyl, 604.S c li u 1 t z,G., and others,diplieayline, 911.S c h u 1 z, H., physiological aotion ofoxalethyline, 246.Schultz. See also Schmidt.S c h u 1 z e, E., decomposition of albuminin plants, 634.Schulze, E., and if. B a r b i e r i , estima-tion of nitrogen compounds in plants,312. -- occurrence of allanto'in invegetable organisms, 1061.S c h u l z e, H., liquid sulphur phosphide,72.Schulze, H., and A.S t e i n e r , conver-sion of the distillation vessels of zincfurnaces into zinc spinelle and tridy-mite, 520.C&UCtLSUS, '705.derivatives, 907.Schulze. See also Wallach.S chum ache r, A., manuring esperi-ments on arable land, 61.Schumacher, E., the mountain groupof the Rummelsberg, nearStrehlen,698.S c 11 um ann, vaponr-tensions of homo-logous ethers, 782.Schumann. See also Meyer.Schuster, A. See L o r d Rayleigh.S c h u s t e r , &I., optical orientation ofplagioclases, 397.Schwarz, H., apparatus for the volu-metric estimation of nitrogen, 62. - preparation of orcinolcarboxylicacid, 96.~ preparation of triphenylmethane,tetraphenylcthylene, and tctratolj-l-ethjlene, 912ISDEX OF AUTHORS, 121 9Scliwara, H., and P.Pastrovicll,elementary analysis of organic salts ofalkalis and alkaline earths, 124.Seelheim, F., percolation of waterthrough soils, 303.S eger, H., composition of clay for por-celain, 324.8 e 1 i g man n, G., crystallographic notices,397. - Russian topaz and enstatite fromSnarum, 694.S ella, Q., ci*ystalline forms of theanglesites of Sardinia, 397.S elmi, P., chemical toxicology of ar-senic, 311. - chemical toxicology of phosphorus,309.S c m 1 j an i t z in, A., allylmethylpropyl-carbinol and p-methylpropylethylene-lactic acid, 402.Senderens. See Filhol.Sen f f , M., substituted glycollie acids,1127.Senhofer, C., and C. B r u n n e r , directintroduction of carboxyl into phenolsand aromatic acids, 265.Senhofer, C., and F.Sarley, directintroductiofi of carboxyl groups intophenols and aromatic acids, 1140.Ses tini, F., action of vapours on seeds,837.Seuberlich, E., preparation of potas-sium ferricyanide, 239.S e u b e r t , K., atomic weight of pla-tinum, 514.Seucker, P., treatment of must in thepress-house, 331.Sharples, S. P., determination of fatin milk, 851.Xhepard, C. U., meteoric iron fromIvanpah, California, 394. - meteoric iron of unknown localityin the Smithsonian Museum, 1111. - meteorite of Xstherville, EmmetCo., Iowa, 395. - mineralogical notices, 381.Ghimer. See Drown.Sieber. See Nenclii.Siegfried. See Albert.Siemens, C . W., on the influence ofthe electric light on vegetation and oncertain phg sical principles involved,9G2.Sieperrnann.See Staedel.Silber, P. G., action of Iiydrochloricacid at high temperatures on ultra-marine rich in silica, 138. - sodium aluminium silicates formedby the action of sodium carbonatc onkaolin, 684.Sillim 5111, B., inineralogicul notices,1108.VOL. XL.Silva, R. D., glyceric ether, 1122. - products accompanying dibenzylin the aluminium chloride reaction,913.S i l v e s t r i , O., meteoric dust containingmetallic iron which fell a t Catania,29th March, 1880, 561.Simon, 8. E., dinitroxranthraquinone,608.Sinion. See also Liebermann.Simon-Legrand, comparison of " dif-fusion" and '' press " residues, 757.Singer, S., sulphates occurring in theBauersberg near Bischofslieim, 369.Sipocz. See Tschermak.Sjogren, H., fredricite, a mineral re-sembling the fahlerz from Fulu, 998.- manganese calcium carbonate con-taining barium, 690. - mineralogical notes, 697. - pyroxene from Nordmark, in Xwe-den, 380. - some bismuth minerals from Nord-mark, in Wermland, 689.S k a1 w e i t, F., examination of petro-leunz, 650.S k r a u p, 2;. H., cinchomeronic acid, 290. - isomerism of the pgridine and- synthesia of quinoline, 287. - synthesis of the quinoline series,Sloe ten, W. v., air of hospitals duringSmetham, A., estimation of organicS m i t h , E. P., electrolytic experi-- synthesis of saIicyIic acid, 1035.S mi t h, J. L., a new meteoric mineral,29. - anomalous magnetism of themeteoric iron at Sainte-Gatherine, '704. - nodules of chromite in meteoriciron froin Cohahuila, 705.- the Emmet Co. meteorite, 395. - the meteorite which fell a t Xsther-rille, U.S.A., 561.S m i t h , R. P., measurewent of theactinism of the sun's raya and of day-light, 955.S m i t h , W., certain volatile products incrude coal tar benzenes, 1128.S ni i t h, W., and W. L i d d 1 e, nature ofthe insoluble forin of soda existing inthe residue left on cau-ticking sodiumcarbonate with lime, 508.Somrnaruga, E., action of ammoniaon isatin, 434.So r a u e r, P., manuring experzmentson fruit trees, 936. - studies on evaporation, 1059.quinoline series, 744.919.yellow fever, 1179.carbon in potable watera, 196.ments, 3.4 11220 INDEX OFS o r e t , C., influence of t,emperature onthe distribution of salts in solution, 5.S o r e t , J.L., absorption spectra ofsome metals of the J ttrium aud ceriumgroups, 349.S o r o k i n , B., formation of p-meth-oxyglutaric acid from diallylmetliylcarbinol, 414.S o t n i s c h e w s k y, glycerolphosphoricacid in normal humaii urine, 631.S o u b e i ran, L., Thnpsia gargalzica,181.S o x h l e t , F., ariiometric method forthe estimation of fat in milk, 656.S o x h l e t , P., and otliers, relation ofvarious sugars to Fellling’s solution,887.Spica, P., action of nascent hydrogenon nitrites, 262.- cynienesulphonic acid, 602. - some alkaloids found in the animalorganism during life, 294.S p i e g e l , A., spnthesjs of tropic acidfrom acetophenone, 277. - vulpic acid, 97, 173, 1036.S p i l l e r , J., identification of the coalr e n ge r, &I., phosphotungstic acid,S p r i n g , W., formation of acetone and- union of bodies by pressure, 498.S p r i n g e r , A., ethyl glycocholate,1160.S t a e d e 1, W., apparatus for the collec-tion of nitrogenin elementary analyses,192.S t a e d e l , W., and 0.S i e p e r m a n n ,new synthesis of organic bases con-taining oxygen, 722.S t a e d e l , W., and others, action ofnitric acid 011 some phenol ethers,723.tar colours, 659.?*O.thiacetone, ’7 11.S t a l l s . See C l a r k e .S t a n s e l l . See Piesse.Stas. See Broch.S t a v e l y , W. W., a pure coke, 857.S t c h e r b a k off, formation of a second-ary alcohol, 401.S t e b b i n s , J.H., action of nitroso-dimethylaniline hydrochloride on thephenolsulplionic acids which do notcontain the methyl group, 161. - azo-drriratives, 41.S t e b l e r , influence of light on the ger-S t e i n e r , J., remarks on some experi-S t e i n e r . See also S c h u l z e andS t e i n k a u l e r . See Lunge.S t e t z n e r . See E r h a r d .mination of seeds, 1061.ments with maltose, 568.Vienne..UTHORS.S t i l l m a n n , J. M., gum - resin fromS tiinmel, C., apparatus for skimmingS t o k 1 a s a, J., Bohemian chalk fossils,S t r a s s e r . See S c h u l t z .S t r e c k e r , K., specific heat of chlorine,bromine, and iodine gases, 784.S t r e i f f , J., a- and p-naphthylphen?l-amine, 178.X t reintz, F., decomposition of watcrbetwcen platinum electrodes by thedischarge of a Leyden jar, 962.S t r e n g , d., quartz from the Eleanorrmine on the Duntsberge, near Gks-sen, 25.- the phosphates of Waldgirrnes,525.S t r uve, H., blood crystals, 751.S t r u v e , H., and 0. J a c o b s e n , Wick-X t r iiver, J., perowskite of Val Malenco,S tuder, A., butglation of aniline, 898.S t u n k e l . See J s n n a s c k .S t u t ze r, A, action of acid gastric juivcon the nitrogenous constituents offodder, 296. - quantitative estimation and sepnra-tion of 1irotej.n matter in plants, 660.S u i d a , W., and M. P l o h n , orthoethjl-plienol, 268.S u i d a . See also M a u t h n e r .S u i l l i o t , H., nitricoxide adisinfectaut,Arizona and California, 52.milk, 129.477.erlieim’s preservative ff uid, 126.1002.664.T.T a n a t a r , S., preparation of potassiumT a n r e t , C., ferrous eucrocarbonatci,- pcptones and alkalo‘ids, 832.- u-aldivin, 4 4 I.T a n r e t and V i l l i e r s , inosite, 1022.Tappen t h a l , H., and others, manii~-ing experiments with potatoes, 1078.T a s s m a r i , G., acetyl-a-naphthol, 280.T a u c h e r t . L i e b e r m a n n .T a w i l d a r o f f , action of chlorine a i dbromine on ethplidene chloride andethyl bromide, 398.Tcheck, hops of Southern Europe,483.T e r r e i l , A., pliytolaccic acid, 286. - solubility of tricalcium phosphatein ammoniacal and neutral allialiriesalts, 845. - volumetric determination of per-oxides, 843.f errocyaii ide, 143.157INDEX OF AUTHORS.1221ThalBn, R., spectrum of thulium,349.T h a1 lo n, L., observations on a group ofrays in the solar spectrum, 333.Than, C. v., thermochemical inrestiga-tions, 779.T h i e r c e 1 i n, incineratmion of seaweedsin the manufacture of iodine, 318.T h 01 1 o n, L., rays in the solar spectrumproduced by atmospheric absorp-tion, 1.Thompson, C. T., nitration of benzoylcyanide and its derivatives, 814.Thompson, W., composition of ink,67.T h o m s en, J., benzene and propargyl,495. - chemical energy and electyomotiyepower of various galvanic combina-tions, 216. - constitution of benzene, 89.I_ ethane. 565. - i‘ormula of benzene, 159. - heat of combustion of benzene,135. - heat of combustion of carboncompounds, 219.T h o m s e n, T., molecular rotatory powerof carbon compounds, 215.- multipIes of the optical rotarypowers of carbohydrates, 147. - multiples in the optical rotatorypower of organic compounds, 257. - rotation constants of cane-sugar,1023.- rotatory power of cane-sugar inalkaline solutions, 1023. - rotatory power of carbon com-pounds, ’709, 1020. - rotatory power of the carbo-hpdrrLtes and their derivatives, 245.Thorpe, T. E., preparation of ppro-gallol for dry-plate development, 662.T h o u l e t , J., note on chrome iron,690.T h 11 r n 1 tt c k h, I(. G., chlorine trioxide,506.T i e d e, H., manuring potatoes, 1078.T i e g h em, P. T., alcoholic fermentationin the roots of an apple tree, 115.Tiegh em, P., and a.B o n n i e r , torpidcondition of seeds, 837.T i c m a n n , F., and J. O p p e r m a n n ,three isomeric amidocinnamic acidsand carbostyril, 169.Tiemann, F., and A. P a r r i s i u s ,resorcinol derirati res, 270.Tiemann,F.,and W. Wil1,hesperidinand its derivatives, 739.T i l d e n , W. A., light resin oil, 101.T i l d e n . See also 9 r m s t r o n g .Tissandiei; Gt., dust in the air, 843.Tobias. See Liebermann.Toennies, P., actionof nitrous acid onanethol, 167.Torncbohm, A. E., the ferrugiiiousrocks of Ovifak and Assuk, 28.T o l l e n s , B., diabetic urine, 1162.- oxidation of l e d i c acid, 411.- Scheibler’s method of estimating- specific rotation of cane-sugar inT o l l e n s . See also G r o t e , Qrupc,Tommasi, D., action of potassium ni-- apparatus for showing the disso-- decomposition of sodium salts b?T r a u b , C.G., bark of Sambucus c m a -T r e a d w e l l , F. P., a new series of vola-T r e u p e l . See Claus.T r i b e , A., experimental researches intoelectric distribution, as manifested bythat of the radicles of electrolptus,963.sugar in beet, 851.different solvents, 243.Rodwald, and K e h r e r .trite on ammonium chloride, 788.ciation of ammonium salts, 343.cupric hydrate, 9’78.densis, 1163.tile organic bases, 895.- refraction of electricity, 963.T r i b e . See also G l a d s t o n e .T r o o s t , L., new compounds of hydro-bromic. and hydriodic acids w i d am-monia, 972. - the yapour of chloral hydrate,573.T r o o s t , L., and P.H a u t e f e u i l l e ,preparation of silicon oxychlorides,508.Troschke. See P i s c h e r .Tschermak, G., and L. Sipocz, theclintonite group, 233. -- zoisite, 1003.Tucker, J. H., action of organic matter(not sugar) in cane and beet product8on alkaline copper oxide solution,1177.Tuxen, C. F. A., absorption of salts bythe soil, 1165.- Grandeau’s t,heory of the fertilit:of a soil, 1166.T y n d a l l , J., action of an intermittentbeam of radiant heat on gaseous mat-ter, 966. - on Buff’s experiments 011 the dia-thermancy of air, 966.U.U l b r i c h t , R., analpes of wine andmust, 1182.4 n 1222 INDEX OF AUTHORS.Unzeitig. See Knecht.U r b a, K., analysis of frieseite, 689.C r e c h , F., action of bromine on aceticanhydride, acetic bromide, ethyl ace-tate, ethyl succinate, &c., 248.- inversion of cane-sugar by hydro-chloric acid at the ordinary tempera-ture, 242. - product of the act.ion of bromineon ethjl succinate, 414.v.Vakovitch. See Colley.Valaenburg, 5. D. v., preparation ofT' a 1 e n t e, L., essential oil from hemp,I_ supposed synthesis of glucose, 242.l'alente. See also C a r n e l u t t i andE d e r .Valery-Mayet and others, researcheson phylloxera, 1069.Vanderburg, E. A., analysis of iodiue-iron cod-liver oil, 124. - ash of light-coloured cod-liver oil,124.T'arenne, L., action of hydrofluoricacid on ammonium dichromate, 225.- pussive state of iron, 343.T-srenne. See also P r u n i e r andR uy ssen.TBlain, C., microscopical study of theglasses resulting from the fusion ofthe ashes of grass, 692.Venable, F.P., derivatives of the hep-tane from Pinus sabiniana, 82.T e r n e t , L., glucoside from the ivy, 4si.O.T i e i l l e . See B e r t h e l o t , also Sarrau.Vienne and Steiner, preparation ofVigier, F., and C. Cloez, essence ofV i 11 e, J., ferruginous carbonated wa-Ville. See alsoEnge1.V i 11 i e r s, A., etherification of hydro-Villiers. Seeaho T a n r e t .V i n c e n t , C., benzhydryl acetate, 596. - sorbin and sorbite, 148. - thiocarbonates of potassium andother metds, 855.Tines, S. H., chemical composition ofaleurone grains, 1062.T'iolle, J., intensity of the luminousradiatiou from incandescent platinum,669.Toelcker, A,, comparative value ofsoluble and insoluble phosphates, 6 $0.iodine-iron cod-lher oil, 131.284.metatoluidine, 721.Erigeron canadense, 1151.ters, 1112.bi*oinic acid, 32.Voelcker, A., composition of creamand skim-milk from I)e Laval's cen-trifugal separator, 771.- continuous cropping of wheat andbarley, 638. - fattening of oxen, 116. - rotation of crops, 639.Voeller. See Claue.V o l t zkow, M., phenyl- and tulyl-thio-Viiltzkow. See alko Claus.Vogel, A., ash of various parts of aplant, 837.Vogel, H. W., sensitiveness of silverbromide dry plates for different por-tions of the solar spectrum, '773.Voit, the changes undergone by meatin the process of pickling, 66.Voit, E., importance of lime to theaniinal organism, 190.d e V r i i , J., quino'idine borate, a newfebrifuge, 1154.csrbimide glycollide, 43.W.W a g n er, A., analysis of gunpowder,19 1.- determination of ash in coral andcoke, 196. - limits of error in anaIysis of com-bustion gases, 205.Wagner, P., and H. P r i n z , manuringof vines, 121.Wagner. See also A l b e r t and Her-cher.Walder. See Liebermann.W a l i t z k y , W. E., cholesterylene, 401.W a l l a c e , W., chemistry of sewageprecipitation, 662.W a 11 a c h, O., derkmtiveo of pyromucicacid, '714.- substituted oxamides, formamides,and diethyloxomic acid, 71'1.Wallach, O., and I. Kamenski, ami-dine bases from dibasic acids, 284.Wallach, O., and E. Schulze, basesof the oxalic eerjes, 572.W a l l er, E., testing of phenol, 655.Waller, J,, analysis of demantoEd fromW a l t e r .See Graebe.Wanklyn, J. A., and W. J. Cooper,new apparatus for use in gas analysis,939.Warden, C. J. H., analysis of foragebiscuits, 637. - CUorivsa .wp)~rba, 103.W a r d e r , R. B., alkalimetry with plie-W a r t ha, V., on an cxp?wiiou producedthe Urals, 69'7.nolphthaleyn as indicator, 848IXDES OF AUTHORS. 1233while heating mine, and a new processfor the estimation of alcohol, 479.Watson, W. H., action of oils onmetals, 772.W a t t , A., specific rotatory power ofcane and invert sugar, 654.W a t t e n b e r g . See Kern.W a t t s . See Brauner.Weber, R., explosion of petroleum andother cumbusti?de liquids, 1181.W e b s k y, crystalline form of descloizite,1001.- crystalline form of vanadinite fromCordoba, 1002.W e d d i g e, A., ethylene ethers of phe-nol and nitrophenol, 1136.Weidel, H., tetrahydrocinchonic acid,830.Weidel, H., and 8. L. Ciamician,dry distillation of gelatin, 2Y5.Wcin, E., cultivation and manuring ofleguminosE, 938. - experiments with various phos-phates as manure, 120. - growth of yellow lupines, 299. - pigeon’s dung, 121.\V e i n h o 1 d, A., preparation of seleniumrcsistance-rods for photophonic pur-pqses, 339.Weis bach, A., mineralogical notices,362.Weis buch, R., crystalline form of leu-cite, 397.W e i t 11, W,, relation of the numbers offish to the lime present in waters,630.Weith. See also Fleischmann andMerz.W e i t z, M., a baking powder, 132.Weselsky, P., and R. B e n e d i k t ,ethera of quinol and orcinol, 1139. -- reaorcinol colouring matters,726.Wesendonck, C., spectrum of car-bonic anhydride, 861.West, S., and W. J. Russell, amountof nitrogen excreted in the urine ofman at rest,, 1056.West. See also Zuckschwert.Wee t-K n i g h t s, J., estimat,ioii of ni-trates in potable waters, 1173. - estimation of the insoluble fattyacids in butter, 201.Weyl, T., and X. Z e i t l e r , oxygenabswption by alkaline pyrogallate,307. - - relation between the oxygenand organic matter found in mineralwaters, 650. -- relations between oxygen andorganic matter in various waters,1087.W h i t e . See Jackson.Wichmann, A., some lavas from theisland of Ninafou, 70 1.Wichnegradsky, reduction of quino-line and ethylpyridine, 444.Widman, O., curnino’in, 597.Wiedel, H., and A. Cobenzl, cin-chon ic acid and quinoline-derivative.;,742.W iesner, intiuencc of intermittentlight on the formation of chloru-phyll, 930.Wieaer, H., pyroguaincol, 813.W igne r, Q. W., aiialyais of tinnedfood, 211.Wigner, G. W., and R. H. IIarlstnd,action of potassium pemnganate onpotable waters at different tempem-tures, 1172.W i l l , W., action of carbony1 chloride,and of alcoholic bromide@, &c., 011substituted thiocorbimides, 903.Will. See also Tiemann.Williams, C. G., action of sodium onquinoline, 613. - physiological action of B-lutidine,1058.Williams, E., absorption of moistureby glycerol, 1120.Willm, E., separation of the metals u lplatinum ores, 226.Wilm, T., action of palladium, rho-dium, and platinum on coal gap, 7O6.- chemistry of the platinum metals,514. - cliromium sesquioxide, 63.Winkelmann, vapour-tensions of ho-niologous series, and Kopp’d law ofconstant difference of boiling points,71.Winkelmann. See also Nies.TV i n kl er, C., amount of sulpliuric an-hydride in fuming sulphu’ic acid,lU97. - examination of the iron meteoritefrom Rittersgrun, 560. - recrystallisation of argentiferonabismuth, 354.Winogradoff, action of alumini~u,~chloride on acetic chloride, 407.?Tislicenus, J., decomposition of pol! -basic acctoacetatcs by alkalis, 40Y.Wittelshijfer, P., disadvantages ofcooling pans in distilleries, 10139.W i t t j e n . See P r e c h t .Wi ttmann, experiments with dmneland lucerne as a mixture for meadou -,1065.W i t z , cooling power of gases a i dvapours, 341.W ii hler, I?., remarks on the native ironof Greenland, 5161224 INDEX OF AUTHORS.W o l b e r g , L., influence of certain saltsand alkalo‘ids on digebtion, 752, 834.TV o 1 f, F. M., examination of melaphyrfrom the neighbourhood of Klein-schmalkdden, 27,TTolff, E., aiid others, manuring ex-periments to determine the value ofphosphoric acid soluble in citratesolution, 1075.Wollny, E., amount of water appro-priated by agricultural plants, 1060. - cultivation of beet, 60.- influence of superficial drying onthe temperature and moisture of the5011, 934. -_ influence of trenching on the tem-perature aiid rnoistu~e of the soil, 60.W r i g h t , C. R. A., determination ofchemical affinity in terms of clectro-motive force, 959.Wroblemsky, E., isomeric xjlidines,433. - oxidation of nitroxjlene and xjli-dene, 420.TVroblewski, S., application of pho-tometry to the study of diffusionphenomena in liquids, 956.W u l l n e r , A., supposed hcsting of ice,778.TT u 1 f s b e r g, N., aspidospermine andpzlgtiiie, 108.It’ urm, E., manufacture of vinegar bymeans of bacteria, 128.W u r t z , A., an oxygenated basic deriva-live of aldol, 246. - papin, 58, 750.Wyrouboff, G., potassium and ammo-nium tetrachromates, 352.Y.T o Y h i d a, H., maltose, 568.I - o u n g , J., and G. Forbes, experi-mental determination of the velocityof white and coloured light, 861.2.Zagoumenny, A., benzopinacone and- t et raplieny le thane, 4‘34.Zalomanoff, R., new method of ascer-taining the absorptive power of a soil,935.Z e p h a r o v i c h , V. v., crystalline foriiiof silver iodide, 398. - enargite from the Muntzenkopfnear Yrixkgg, in Tyrol, 397.I_ halotrrchite and melanterite fromId& 232.- mineralogical notices, 995.Z e i t l e r . See Weyl.Ziesel. See Lieben.Ziinmermann, C., action of uranFlsalts on turmeric paper, 122.- products of decomposition andmetamorphosis of uranyl sulphide,79.-- separation of the heavy metals ofthe aniiiionium sulphide group, 122. - uraii<ites, 686. - use of potassium permanganate involumetric analysis, 759.Zimmerrnann, J., azo-compounds of’paru~iioiioiiitrodiphenyl, 175.- derivati\ es of paraniidodiphenj 1,175.Zinimermann. See also C l a u s andG a b r i e 1.Zincke, T., action of amiiies oncjuinones, 595, 915.Zoe bl, A., manuring experiments withsummer barley, 10’7’7.Zu c k s cli we r t and IV e s t, estimationof potassium as platinochloride, 941.Z u 1 k ow s k y, K., cryst allisable coiist i-tuents of cordin, 725, 899.benzopinacolin, 813

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001187

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

INDEX OF SUBJECTS.ABSTRACTS. 1881.A.*ibsolute measure, determination of the-4bsorptiomete r, 112.dibsorption, atmospheric, rays in thesolar spectrum produced by, 1.Absorption-bands of purpurin in alumsolutions, displacement, of, 488.Absorption-spectra of chryso'idine andrelated azo-colouring matters, 591.-- of cobalt salts, 486, 987. -- of some metals of tlie yttriumAbsorption spectrum of ozone, 213.Sbsorptive power of a soil, new methodAcetaldehyde with ethyl acetate, con-Avetamidocuiuic acid, 424.Acetates, certain, density and molecularArctic acid, action of chlorochromic- - clecomposition of, by zinc-dust,-- tribrom-, 155. -- series, double salts of theAcetic acids, chlorniated, action of phos-Acetic anhydride, aotioii of bromine on,~- action of sulphuric acid on,-- decomposition of, by zinc-Acetic bromide, action of bromine on,Acetic chloride, action of aluminium-- dichlor-, 1030.Aceto-acetates, polybasic, decompositionof, by alkalis, 409.Acetoethoxysalicylic aldehyde, 167.Aretofluoresce'in, 811.p-Acetoisobutyric acid and its salts,P--Icetonaphthalide, brom-, 606.ohm in, 963.and cerium groups, 349.of ascertaiumg, '335..densation of, 405.volume of, '369.acid on, 583.1 Ill.lower members of.phorous pentasulphide on, 890.248.716.dust, 142.2 Lt3.chloride on, 407.Part 11, 797.412.B-iicetonaphtlinlicie, nitro-, '736.Ac tone, action of furfuraldehyde on,in presence of soda, 573. - condensation of, 796. - formdtion of, '711. - estimation of, in commercial alco-- dichlor-, isomeric, 1121.- P-dichlor-, symmetrical, 248.Acetone base containing sulphur, 420.Acetophenone-milme, 26.2.__ bromide, 815.-- action of primary aromaticamiries on, 262- cyanhydrin, 277.Acetophenonecarbosylic acid, action ofacetic anhydride and sodium acetateon, 733.hol, 211.Acetophorone, constitution of, 422.P-Acetopropionic acid, 411.-- - preparation, properties, saltsAcetopropionic acid, two homologues of,Ace toxycodeine, 10 15.Acetjl cyanide, trichlor-, some deriva-Acetylaesculetin, 107.Acctylapoquinainine, 923,924.Acetylcuniino'in, 597.Acetylene, orthonitro-, 275. - series, direct addition of water tothe hjdrocarbons of, 883. - tetrabromide, action of dimethyl-aniline on, 160.Acetylenetetracarboxylic acid, dibrom-,ethyl salts of, 577.Acetylhesperitic acid, 740.Acetylhydromethjlketole, 735.Acetylmethylketole, 734.Acetglmonox~diplienylphthale'in, 96.Acetyl-a-naphthol, 280.a-Acetylnaphthylphenylamine, 178.Acetylorthottmido benzoic acid, 735.-- monobrom-, 735.Acety lpyroguaiacol, 8 13.Acid from Viseurn album, 4.11.- new, of the CnH2#--06 series,of, 409.412.tives of, 153.8941226 INDEX OFAcids, influence of isomerism on theetherification of, 883. - of C,€f,,O, series, halogen-mb-stituted, action of heat and water on,574. - of the Auhralian currant, Lepto-mem'a acida, 1033.- moriobasic satxrated, influence of,isomerism on their etherification, 39.Acids and alcohols, estimation of thereaction-values of the components of,1117.Acmite, 26.Acrole'in, derivatives of, 406.- monobrom-, action of sodium ethy-Acrylic acid, chlorobrom-, and its salts,-- dibrom-, 1 1 24. -- dibrom-, and its salts, 889,-- di-iodobrom-, and its salts,-- disubstituted, structure of,PI_ iodobrom-, and its salts,late on, 1029.1124, 1125.1030.1125.1030.1124.tribrom-, 890. --- and its salts, 1124.Acrylic ncids, substituted, from bromo-Actinic phenomenon, curious, 863, 1092.Actinism of the sun's rays, and of day-light, measurement of, 955.Actinium, it new metal, 1104. - oxides, 1104.dctinometry, slow, a simple process of,Adipic acid, 438.Aegerine, 26.Aeschynite, 1110. - crystdlographic examination of,398.Aesculetin, 610. - acetjl-derivatives of, 180.- cornposition of, 107. - dibrorn-, 108.Aesculin, acetyl-derivatives of, 180. - action of heat on, 439. - composition of, 107. - dibrom-, 108.Air, BuPs experiments on the diather-msncy of, 966. - cornpressibilitv of, under low pres-sure8 and at high temperatures, 1094. - dust in, 843. - estimation of carbonic anhydridein, 468. - highly rarefied, heat-conduction in,966. - invariable production of ammo-nium nitrate, in the ozonation of, bymoist phosphorus, 506.--propiolic acid, 1124.485.;UBJECTX.Air of hospitals during yellow fevcp,- of rooms, carbonic oxide in, 318. - proportion of carbonic anhydritltbAlanine from aldehyde, 796.Albite from the Skopi in the Grisons,and from Viesch in the Valais, 551. - Moravian, 550.Albumin, crystalliaable, from pumpkin- decomposition of, in plants, 6344.- estimation of, in plants, 312.- quantitative estimation of, bycupric hydrate, 205.Albnminolds, crystalline, from differel itoil seeds, 833. - in milk, 449.- of the kidney substance, quantitn-tive analjsis of, 661.Albuminous substances, a new crystal-line decomposition-product of, 185.Alcame'inee, 1157.Alcamines, 1157.Alcohol, detection of, in transparent- influence of, on digestion, 752.- new process for the estimation of,- presence of, in the animal tissues,- secondary, formation of, M1.Alcoholic ferment, nature of, 928.81coh01s, etherilrlcwtion data of, 1118.- lieat plieiiomena of the solution of,in water, 9. - influence of isomerism of, on theformation of ethereal salts, 36.- influence of isomerism on theetherification of, 883. - initial rate and limit of etherificn-tion of, 37. - of the ally1 series, heat of combus-tion of, 871. - of the fatty series, heat of corn-bustion of, 966. - polyhydric, 146.-I- etherification of, with aceticacid, 146.- and acids, estimation of the reac-tion-values of the compounds of,1117. - and tertiary aromatic bases, pro-ducts from, 588.Aldehydammonia and ketone derira-t,ives, condensation - products from,1028.Aldehyde, action of hydrochloric acidon, 404. - dichlor-, 407. - heat of formation, and of combti+1179.in, 875.seeds, 625.soaps, 31 4.479.928.tion of, 675INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1227Aldehyde hydrate, dichlor-, 407.Aldehyde-resin, 247.Aldehydes, action of ammonium cyanateon, 796.- action of furfuraldehyde on, inpresence of soda, 573.- aromatic, synthesis of, by meansof chromyl chlo>ide, 483. - of the fatty series, heat of com-bustion of, 966. - with ethyl acetate and nialonate,condensation of, 403.- and primary aromatic bases, pro-ducts from, 589.- and their derivatives, condensa-tion-products of, 710.Aldehydic acids, introduction of aro-matic hydrocarbons into, 814, 1035.Aldol, an oxygenated basic derivative of,246. - preparation of, 405.Aleurone-grains, chemical compositionof, 1062Algae, marine, analysis of, 319.Alkannin, 53.- diacetyl-, 53.Alkalimetry with phenolphthaleyn as in-Alkaline iodides, action of lead peroxide- p!osphates, estimation of phos-- solutions, new method for the de-Alkalis, chemical technolog7 of, 858.Alkalond, a new volatile, sgigeline, 1153.Alkalo'idal substances found in the eni-Alkaloids, cadaveric, or ptombines,- cinchona, action of acetic anhydride-- action of hjdrochloric acid- estirnation of, in quinine wine, 204.__ from belladonna aEd Datura stra-I_ from dita bark, 448.- influence of, on digestion, '752.- myciriatic or pupil dilating, M6. - nitroprussides of, 401. - of Alstonia constricts, 623.- of cinchona bark, some, constitu-- of Peruvian bark, 183. - of quinetuni of Dsrjeeling, 1154.Alkalokls and peptonee, 832.Alkylnxanthranols, 608.Alltmto'in, occurrence of, in vegetableAlloy of lead iodide with silver iodide,dicator, 848.on, 976.phoric oxide in, 1169.sulphurisation of, 766.ma1 organism during life, 294.Selmi's, chemical nature of, 1046.on, 615.on, 615.rno&um, 29:).tion of, 615.organisms, 1061.expansion-coefficients of, 966.Alloy of lead and d v e r in crystals from- of platinum and iridium, '793.Ally1 alcohol, black residue obtained i-the preparation of, fiom glperol, 1122.-- beat of couibust1on of, 9.-- moniod-, 242. -- monobrom-, 567.-- bromide, monotmom-, conversionof, into monobroniallyl alcohol, 567. - iodide, 567.Allyl-dimethj;l carbinol, heat of com-bustion of, 871.Allyl-dipropyl carbinol, heat of corn-bustion of, 871.Allyleiie chloride, action o€ sodium andcarbonic anliydride on, 793.All~lmethylpropylcsrbinol, 402.Aloes test, Borntrager's, 946.Alstonia constvicta, alkaloyds of, 623.Alstonidine, 624.Alstonine (chlorogenine), 623.Alum, crystallisation of, 878.- reddish-m-liite, 369.Alumina, direct estimation of, in pre-sence of iron, 360.- estimation of, 844.- native silicates of, synthetic pro-- eeparation of iron from, 1082.A1 uniinit e , 99 1.- from Muhlhausen, near Krulup, inAluminium, gases occluded in, 350.- reversal of the lines of the wpour- separation of, from iron, methodsuggested for, 645. - separation of, from iron and chro-mium, 1081._- chloride and bromide, reactions of,with organic compounds, 398. - sulphate, free from iron, prodnc-tion of, from nlumiuous minerals con-taining iron, 666. - phosphate, 465.Alunogen, 546, 991.Amalgams, 881.Amuiiiic, 51.Andes, organic, action of hydrochloricAmidine bases from dibasic acids, 284.Amido-acids derived from isohydrony-Amidobenzenes, substituted, action ofAniido-cinnamic acids, three isomeric,Amido-compounds, estimation of, inKongsberg, of, 353.mitonate, 181.-duction of, 350.Bohemia, 691.of, 957.dichromate, 51. -wid on (preliminary), 42.valeric acid, '713.sulphuric acid on, 91.169.plants, 3131228 IXDES OPAmidocumic acid, two modifications of,Amidophenolsulphonic acids, 92. -- proof of the identity andisomerism of the various, 92.Amines, action of heat on, 621.I_ aromatic, compounds of, with- ferrocyanides of, 261.Ammonia, action of methyl bromide on,- in plants, 116. - new compounds of hydrobromicAmmonias, compound, separation of,Ammonium bases, action of heat on,~ borocitmtes, 89.- bromide, some properties of, 682.- carbonate, 414. - chloride, action of potassiumnitrite on, 788.- citrate, use of, in examination ofphojphates in manure, 846. - dichromate, action of hydrofluoricacid on, 225.- dihydrosulphide, vapour of, 673. - ferric oxalate, 714.- hydroxylamine plntinocyanide, 708. - picrate, heat of formation of, 969.- rhodio-chloride, 514. - salts, apparatus for showing the- selenates, new, 1100.- silico-niolybdate, 880. - tetrachrolrate, 352.Amphibole from Amelia Co., Virginia,Amygdalic tropeine, 420.Amy1 bromide, action of, on dimethjl-- chloride, heat of formation of, 9. - chloroxalate, action of, on benzene,toluene, naphthalcne, and orthonitro-toluene, '731.Amylamine hydrochloride, inactive, 33.Amylaniines from iriitctire amyl alcohol,Amylanthracene, 736.- dihydride, 100.Amylantliradihydride, 609.Amylene, brom-, action of sulphuric- nitro-, preparation and propertiesdmylhgdroantl~ranol, 737.Amyltnonobromatl thracene, 736.Amylmoiiochloraiithccence, 737.Amylolytic activity of pancreatic ex-424.silver nitrate and sulphste, 1129.1027.and hydriodic acids with, 97%.1025.570, 745.ferrous oxalate, 714.dissociation of, 343.analysis of, 538.aniline, 584.33.acid on, 1114.of, 1115.tracts, estimation of, 1051.SUBJECTS.Amyloxysnthranol, preparation and deri-vatives of, 608.-- chloride, 609.Amyloxymthrone, 100.- dinitro-, 100.Analciine, 996.artificial, 25.Anamirtin, 286.Andalusite from Brazil, 25.Andradite, 991.Anethol, action of chlorochromic acid- action of nitrous acid on, 167.Angelic acid, h j driod-, action of elncAnglesites of Sardinia, crystalline formaAnliydrobenzamidopart~toluic acid, 93.Anhjdrobenzamidoethyienorthottmido-plienyl ether, 1138.Anhpclrobenzoyldianiidobenzene and itsnitro- and amido-compounds, 1132.Anhydro-compounds, 1130.Anliydrodiamidoparatolylxylene, oxida-Anhy drosulphamine-isophthalic acid andAnhg-drosulpliamiiie- uvitic acid, 430.Anli~drotolylcli~~iii~obenzenc, 93.Anli3.di.otolylketarnlue, 93.Aniline, but ylation of, 898.- ferrocyanide, acid and neutral,- h~drochloride, action of isobutyl- mucate, dry distillation of, 721.- platinocyariide, 708. - silver sulpliate, 1129.Aniline-black, prepamtion of, 1186.Aniline-colours, detection of, i n redAnilines, nitro-, preparation of, 1130.Aniluvitonic acid, constitution of,Animal body, elimination of nitrogen-- phenol ethers in, 631. - charcoal, action of, in the sugar- economy, phenol in, 114. -- heat, 1049.- liquids, sterilisation of, 835.- organism during life, alkalondalsubstances foulid in, 2944. -- - oxidation of aromatic hydro-carbons in, 632.living, relation between themolecular properties of inorganiccompounds and their action on,629. - system, behariour of fungi in,930.-on, 583.and sulphuric acid on, 1126.of, 397.tion of, 94.its salts, 51, 1038.261.alcohol on, 898.wine, 659.278.from, 451.manufacture, 127INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1229Animal tissues, presence of alcohol in,928.Animals, feeding, importance of in-organic salts in, 1050. - in%uence of light on chemicalaction in, 833.Anisil, 421.Anisilic acid, 421.Anisoiii, 421.Anorthite, analvsis of, 698. - production of, by the fires in theAnthrosiderite, 990.Anthracene, action of nitrogen peroxide- combinations of, with the oxides of- formation of, from anthraquinone,- synthesis of, from orthobromoben- - spthesis of homologues of, 736.__ tetrachlor-, 99. - tribrom-, action of nitric acid on,- dihydricle, 609.-- action of nitric acid on,__ nitrate, 99.- tetrabromide, dibrom-, action ofnitric acid on, 738. - t’etrachloride, dichlor-, 99.Autliracite, occurrence of, in an ironAnthraquinone, arntdo-, 737.- derivatives of, 100, 7’37. - a-diumido-, 738.-- a-&nitro-, 737.c_ dinitrotetrabrom-, 7’38. - mononitro-, 737. - moncnitromonobrom-? ’738.*%nthraquinonedinie tlijlamidophenjl-Rnthraquinonevulphan~ide, 52.Anthroquinones~ilphanilide, 52.ilnthraquinonesulphonic acid, deriva-- chloride, 51.Anthrone, dirlitro-, 607.- ethylnitro-, 607. - nitroso-, 99, 607. - nitronitroso-, 607.Anthrophyllite, supposed, analysis of,Antimonious acid in a vesuvian product,Antimonious oxide, isodimorpllism of,Antimony, atomic weight of, 78, 512._I oxidation of hydrochloric acidsolutions of, in the atmosphere, 513.- separation of tungsten from, 1171.coal beds a t Conimentry, 690.on, 584.nitrogen, 99.607.zyl bromide, 822.738.606.mine in Nordberg, Sweden, 359.sulphone, 52.tires of, 51.608.518.791.Antimony oxide, discovery of, in exten-- phosphenyl superchloride, 98.Antirnony-glance, crystallography of,Apatite, Canadian, 525.Apatite-bearing veins of Ottawa CO.,Quebec, report on the minerals of, 542.Apatites, 550.- containing manganese, analyses of,Aphrodit e, 990.Apo-bases from cinchona alkaloids,action of acetic anhydride on, 617. - -- from cinchona alkalo’ids,action of concentrated hydrochloricacid on, and the original alkaloids re-spcctively, 618.Apocatleiuu, 614.Apocinchc nicine, 617.Apocinchonidine, 616.dpocinchonine, 61’7.Apoconquinine, 616.Apophyllic acid, 1 LO.Apophj We, crystalline structure of, 397.- crystallography of, 397.Apoquinamine, arid its saltas, 923, 924.Apoquinine, 616.Apparatus for showing the dissociationof ammonium salts, 343. - for skimming milk, 129.- for studying the diffusion of carbon-- for the collection of nitrogen in- for the estimation of nitrogen in- new, €or use in gas analysis, 939.Apple tree, alcoholic fermentation in theroots of, 115.Aqueous vapcur, tension of, in presenceof different hygroscopic bodies, 788.Arabinose, 795.- and lactose, identity of, 243.Arable land, manuring experiments on,d r d i a spinosa, 105.Araliret in, 106.Aralein, 106.Arbutin, action of heat on, 439.- constitution of, 610.Arctolite, 1006.Arfvedsonite, and some allied minerals,chemical composition of, 552.Argento-antimonious tartrate (silveremetic), 419,Aromatic acids, direct introduction ofcarboxyl-groups into, Part IV, 1140.-- tertiary bases, condensationproducts of, 587.Aromatic bases, condensation-productsof, 587.sive lode5 at Sonora, &xico, 518.397.364.bisulpiiide in the ground, 650.elementary analysis, 192.organic compounds, 192.611230 INDEX OFArsenates, a new series of, 1101.- from Joachimsthal, 532.Arsenic., chemical toxicology of, 311, - detection and estimation of, inorganic matter, 648. - detection, estimation, and separa-tionof, 1%. - distribution of, in the animal body,1082. - estimation of, as magnesium pyro-arsenate, 467. - metallic, use of baryta to obtain,from arsenious oxide and arsenic sul-phides, 467.- occurrence of, in commercialcaustic soda, 856. - separation of tungsten from, 1171.Arsenious acid, new method for theestimation of, in the presence ofarsenic acid, 195. - oxide, isodiinorphism of, 791. - sulphide as a poison, and its im-portance in judicial cases, 123. -- behaviour of , with iodine,a t high temperatures, 686.Arsenobenzene, 7 22. - iod-, 723.Arsenonapthalene, 723.Arsenosiderite, 99 1.Arainobenzoic acid, and its salts, 168.Ash in coal and coke, estimation of,- of light-coloured cod liver oil, 124. - of various parts of a plant, 837.Asparagine, estimation of, 761.-- estimation of, in plants, 313. - optical rotatory power of, in dif-Aspartic acid, optical rotatory power of,Aspidium rigzdxm, 1152.44spidosperma Quebracho, bark of, 294.Aspidosperniinp, 108.- and paytine, supposed identity of,Aspirator, simple, 192.At acmiite, 99 I.- from Chili, 551. - action of' dilute potash on, '7. - and the corresponding oxychlorideAtmosphere, grains of silica arid micro-- obaemations on, made with thalliumAtom, multivalent, so-called differencesAtomic migration, 400.Atrodyceric acid and its salts, 428.Atrolactic mid, 427. -- dibrom-, 814.Atronic acid, 426.196.ferent solvents, 801.in diRerent solvents, 801,622.of copper, thermic relations of, 7.cocci in, 615.papers, 20.in the yuantivalence of, 679.IUBJECTS.Atroninsulphone, 427.Atroiiol, 486.Atronolsulphonic acid and its d t a ,Atronylenesulphonic acid, 427.Atropic acid, additive compounds of,425,1143.Atropine, 293.- action of nitric acid on, 293.Augite, analysis of, 543. - slag-like, 990.Aurantia, 41.Aurin, 900. - action of ammonia on, 725.- oxidised, 725, 900.Australian cui*rant (Leptomeria acida) ,Autunite, 531.Azelaic acid and its salts, 578.Azelaic aiid suberic acids, separation andproperties of mixtures of, 891.Azobenzene, preparation of, 909.Azobanzenecresolsulphonic acid, 42.Azobenzenediainidotoluene, 42.Azobenzenehydroxjbenzoic acid, 41.hzobenzenernonosulphonic acid, actionof sulphuretted hydrogen on, 907.Azo-compounds, nomenclature of some,163.Azo-conydrine, 746.Azo-diphenyl, 175.Azo-ethane, nitroso-, 895.Azonaphthalene, dimlido-, 42.Azoxydiphenyl, 175.Azotometer, use of, for agricultural in-Test igations, 464.436.acids of, 1033.B.Bacteria, interference of, with brewing,Bacterium termo, 1021.Baeyer's process for the synthesis of in-Baking powder, 132.Barbituric acid, 1033.- - monobronlamido-, 801.Bariocliromic oxalate, lr'31.Bariochromiopotassic oxalate, 1031.Barium, estimation of, as chromate,- bicarbonate, dissociation of, 1096. - cinnamate, 598. - oxides, action of carbonic anhy-- oxychloride, 9'79. - eilicaCe, crystalline hydrated, 683.Bark of Alstonia spectabilis, rzlkalo'ids1090.digotin, 98.848.dride on, 878.from, 447IYDEX OF SUEJECTS. 1231]<ark of Aspidosperrna Quebracho, 294.Bark of Sambucus enmadensis. 1163.Btrrky, continuous cropping of, 638.__ manuring, with saltpetre, 938.I_ spring, as green fodder, 755.- summer, manuring experiments,with, 1077._I valuation of, 946.Rarsowite, 375.Barytes, 698.Basalt of the Persanyer Gehirge, mine-ral and rock enclosures in, 703.Basalt-tufa from Reps in Transylvania,on the bombs (“Auswurflinge”) in,’703.Base, CliH22N21, and its derivatives,587. - green, C24R,4N,02, 58’7, 588.Bases isomeric m-it,h lepidine, 919. - of the oxalic series, 572. - primary aromatic, condensation-- tertiary aromatic, and alcohols,- volatile organic, a new series of,Bast fibres, 1121.Bastnasite from Colorado, 364.Batteries, improvements in, 1098.Beans, field-, and lupines, comparison ofthe influence of, on the production ofmilk, 927.Xeanxite, 990.Ibckerite, 687.Beech-wood tar, occurrence of a fattyBeer, estimation of glycerol in, 470.- influence of malt on the qualityand keeping properties of, 1090.L_ influence of, on digestion, 752. - influence of oxygen on the clarify-- prevention of the occurrence of- use of maize in the preparation of,Beet, composition of “diffusion ” and- cultivation of, 60, 117. - experiments with various kinds of,-- influence of heat on the growth of,- influence of light on the growth of,- manuring experiment8 with, 61,- manuring of, 61, 938. - Scheibler’s method of estimating~ stable-dung as manure for, 842.- NCiH15, 621.products of, 589.products from, 585.895.acid in the paraffin of, 249.ing of, 951.lactic acid in, 857.330.“ press ” residues from, 301.GO, 301.633.‘330.1078.sn;t*r in, 851.Beet, value constant for, 851.Beet-leaves, changes produced in, byBeet-molasses, analyses of, 1089.-- new fermentation of, 770.Beetroot-juice, purification of, 951.Beet seeds, analysis of, 757.Beet - sickness in soils, cause of,Beet-sugar manufacture, preservation-- occurrence of malonic acid inBeeta, influence of frost on the analysesBelladonna, alksldids from, 293.Benzaldehyde, action of acetone on, in- action of nascent hydrocyanic acid- compounds of acetone and methyl- orthomethoxypara-, 271. - orthomethoxyparahgdroxy-, 271. - preparation of, 423. - with ethyl acetate, condensation of,- with ethyl malonate, condensationBenzamidonaphthalenes, nitro-, andBenzanilide, metanitro-, separation of,- paramido-, 1130.Benzanilides, ortho- and para-nitro-,Benzarseniodide, 904.Benzarsenious acid, 908.Benzarsiuic acid and its derivatives,Benzene, 495.-- action of amyl chloroxalate on,- - chlorochromic acid on, 583._c- hydrogenised palladium on,nascent oxygen, in presence ofozone, nascent oxygen, and-- phosphorus trichloride on,- bromo-, action of chlorochromic-- removal of carbon bisulphide- constitution of, 89.I_ crude rod-tar, certain volatile pro-ducts in, 1128.- derirutives, nitrogenous methyl-ated, oxidation of, 93. -- diazo-umido-, 262.fermentation, 302.634.of diff nsion residues from, 932.the manufacture of, 800.of, 1084.presence of alkalis, 889.on, 277.oxide with, 422.405.of, 405.amido-, 1132.froin its isomerides, 1130.1130.903.731.899.water on, 899.hydrogen peroxide oil, 719.91.acid on, 583.from, 770, 950.---1232 INDEX QY SUBJECTS.Benzene, di- and tri-nitro-, oxidation of- formula of, 159. - heat of combustion of, 135._I illuniiniiting power of, 329.- nitro-, action of chlorocliromic acic- paradiamido-, and its hydrochlo- paradibromo-, action of chloro.- paradichloro-, 98.Benzene-vapour, estimation of, in coal-Benzcne and dipropargyl, comparison of.Benzenedisulphonic chloride, meta-Benzenedphonic acid, metachloronitro-,- - orthochloro-, deriratives of,Benzenesulphonic acids, bromortho--- metachloronitro-, and meta-Benzenylamidotoluenemercaptan, 597.Benzerythrcne, 435.Benzhydrpl acetate, 606.Benzhydrylamine, 279.Benzidine, 907, 909.- action of chlorine and bromine on,- preparation of, 909.- reactions of, 605. - tetrabromo-, 605.Benzidinedisulphoiiic acid and its salts,Beiizil, dinitro-, new isomeride of,Benzoic acid, acetplorthaniido-, 735. -- mono bromacetylorthamido-,-- ortho - allometa - dibromo-,- - ortho-metadibromo-, and its- -- orthonitro-, action of bro-- - paranitro-, action of bromine-- preparation of, 423. - - preparation of, from benzoyltrichloricle and vt ater, 323. - acids, nitrosulpho-, and some oftheir derivatives, 1144. - chloride and titanium tetraclilor-ide, combination of, 27’3. - ether, prepamtion of, 483.Benzoin, Palembang, 101.Uenzoline, esldosion of, 1181.Bcnzolonc, 591.262.on, 583.ride, 1130.chromic acid on, 583.gas, 850.719.chloronitro-, 902.derivatives of, 902.902.nitro-, 174.chloramido- , lo.? 7.605.428.422.735.814.salts, 814.mine on, 814.on, 729.Benzonitrile, action of nascent hydro-Benzoparamidobenzoic acid, 94.Benzopnratoluide, amidonitro-, 1132.- diamido-, and its salts, 1132. - metamido-, action of benzoic chlor-Benzoparatoluides, nitro-, 1131.Beiuophenone, preparation of, fromBenzophosphinic acid, and its salts, 603. - chloride, 604.P-Benzopinacolin, 434.Benzorthoamidobenzoic acid, 94.Benzostilbene, 591.Benzotoluidine. oxidation of, 94.Uenzotrichloride, compounds of, withphenols and tertiary aromatic bases,165.Benzoylazotide, 820.Benzoyl cyanide and its derivatives,nitration of, 814.Benzoyl-P-naphthalide, 606.Benzoylamido-diphenyl, 176.Benzoylainidoe thyleneorthonitrophenylBenzoylbenaoic acid, 600.Benzoyldiinetl~yliiniline, 165, 587.Benzoyldimethylorthotoluidine, 587.a -Benzoylne phthylphenylamine, 1 76.Benzoylpropioiiic acid, synthesis of,Benzpinacolin, 813.Benzpinacone, 813.Benzyl alcohol, parachloro-, 803.3- bromide, orthohromo-, synthesisof mthracene and phenanthrene from,822.- chloride, action of chlorochromicacid on, 581. -- chloro-, 803.- cliloromalonate, 168.- compounds, parachloro-, 803, 806.- cyanide, action of bromine on, athigh temperatures, 47.-- pnrachloro-, 803.- disulphide, parachloro-, 807.- disulpho-dioxide, parachloro-, 808.- mercaptan, parachloro-, SO?. - P-naphthyl ether, 724.- ortho- and para-cresyl ether, and-phenyl ether, and nitration oS,- inercaptide, parachloro-, mercury- siilphide, parachloro-, 807. - thiocyanate, parachloro-. 8041.3eiizylamine, mono-, di-, and tri-, 262.jenzylumines, parachloro-, and theirgen on, 262.ide on, 1131.phenpl benzoate, 423.ether, 1138.273.nitration of, 724.723.salt of, 80’7ISDES OF SUBJECTS. 1233Benzylcinchonine, benzylchloride, 290.Benzylenedichlorochromic acid, 581.Benzylene-dichromous acid, chloro-,Benzyl hydroxymalonic acid, 168.Benzylidene-isopropylidenacetone, 423.Benzylidene-inesityl oxide, 423.Benzvlpyrroline, and its deriratives,Benzylsulphone, diparachloro-, 807.Benzylsulplionic acid, parachloro-, andits salts, 806.Berthierite, 990.Beryl, a new variety of, from Elba,Ber.yls, from Alextlnder Co., 1110.Beth-a-Bnrra wood, colouring mattersBeurre de margarine, 209.BicaIcium phosphate, decomposition of,683.-- influence of ammonia on theestimation of, 759.Biebrich scarlet, 178.Biguanide, synthesis of, 896.Bilianic acid, and its salts, 750.Biliary acids in toxicological researches,1046.Bilirubin, artificial production of thecolouring matters of human urinefrom, 1056.581.721.1009.from, 1042.Biscuits, forage, analysis of, 637.Bismuth, argentiferous, recrystallisation- native, 548, 688. - minerals, from Nordmark, inWermland, 688. - ores of Bolivia, Peru, and Chili,998. - peroxide, specific gravity of, 220.- subnitrate, 141.-- analysis of, 196.Bismuth-glance, 548.Bismiithite, 363, 992.Bjelkite, 688.Black earth of Russia, 1070.Blastoderm of the chick. Does glyco-gen occur in i t ? 629.Blood, effect of Mat6 on the gases in,1051. - influence of the continued use ofsodium carbonate on the compositionof, 1161. - menstrual, abnormal presence ofuric atid in, 1161.- physical chemistry of, 111.Rlood-crystals, 751.Blood solution, reduced, preparation of,Blowpipe deposits, thin, colours of, 489.Blue milk, 1055. - sodalite, jadeite, 990.of, 354.112.Bodies, union of, by pressure, 498.Bog butter, composition of, 982,Boghead coal from Resiutta, 688.Boiler incrustation, 328.Boiling points, Kopp’s law of constantdifference of, and rapour-tensions ofhomologous series, 71.-- law of corresponding, 71.-- simple method of determin-ing, 642.Bolivite, 098.Bombs (“ Auswriirflinge ”) in the basalt-tufa from Reps in Transylvania, 703.Boracite, 397.Borax, influence of, on the decomposi-Boric acid, existence of, in saline lakesBorntrager’s aloes test, 946.Borocitrates, 88.Boro-decitungstic acid and its sodiumBoro-duodecitungstic acid, 24.Boron, position of, in the series of ele-- oxytrichloride, attempts to pre-- and hydrogen, solid compounds of,Bowerite from New Zealand, 377.Bowlingite, 990.Braga- beer, preparation of, 857.Brsndisite, 233.Brandy distillery residues, compositionBreccia, volcanic, useful for a top dres-Breunnerite, examination of, 523.Brewers’ grains, method of pressing,Brewing, interference of bacteria with,Bromanil, 1136.Bromine, gaseous, specific heat of, 784.- solution of, as a reagent, 193.Bromoform, 155.Brookite, 236.Brucine, 749.I- dinitro-, 74.9.Brucite, 698.Buckwheat, analysis of, 1164.Bunt spores, influence of temperatureon the germination of, 455.Butane, dinitro-, 1021. - tertiary bromo-, action of trietliq-l-Butenylglycerol, and its derivatives, ’ill.Butter, 953. - effect of oxygen on the qurlity of,- estimation of the insoluble filth7tion of prote‘ids, 4.53.and natural saline waters, 1019.salts, 23.mentary bodies, 20.pare, 682.507.of, 757.sing, 1016.951.1090.amine on, 1025.1181.acids in, 2011234 IXDEX OF SUBJECTS.Butter, Tiemann's process for the manu-ture of, 982.- analysis, 66.Butylanthradiliydride, 609.Butylbenzene, amido-, 898.- hydrochloride, amido-, 8%.Butylc!iloral hydrate, dissociation of,Butylene, nitro-, action of strong hydro--- and some of its homologues,- dinitril? 1114.Butyloxanthranol, 609. - chloride, G 10.Butylplienol, 898.Butyric acid, compound of calcium-- conversion of ethyl acetate- -- decomposition of, by zinc-- - up-dibromo-, 798.- - tribromo-, 799.Butgrone, decomposition of, by zinc-407.chloric acid on, 1115.1114.chloride with, '712.into, 249.dust, 142.dust, 142.C.Cabrerite from Laurium, note on, 691.Cacholong, 992.Cacochlor (lithiophorite) , 363.Cacostrychnine, 748.Cacoteline, 749.Cucoxene, 526,991.Cadmium, separation of zinc from, 849.- use of, in calico-printing, 1185. - borotunqstate, a solution of, ofdensity 3.28, suitable for mineralanalysis, 1168. - oxgcpnides, 111 6. - sulphide, solubility of, in ammo-nitim sulphide, 941. - tungstoborate, 879.Cnffeidine, 747.- ethiodide, 747. - hydrochloride, 747.Caffeine, 614. - and its salts, 746, 747. - bromo-, 614. - citrate of, 447.Calico-printing, use of cadmium in,Cdc 11 ( 996,997.I- crystallographic notice of, 232.Cslcium bicarbonate, dissociation of,- carbonate, bibasic, 318. - cliloriile, rompounci of, with the1185.1096.fatty acids, 719.Calcium chloride, hydrates of, 878. - chromate, crystallised, preparation- cinnamste, 598. - dichloracetste, 5'75. - glyoxylate, 575.- isobutyrate, dry distillation of, 35. - phosphah, treatment of mineraland other substances containing smallquantities of, 665. - succinate, decomposition of, byheat, 1031.- titanate, a new, 371. - and sodium, crystallised doubleCalcspar in basalt-tufa from Owener- twins, artificial, 397.Calomel, stability of, 512.Calves, results of fattening them withskim milk, 297.Calycic acid, 180.Calycin, 180.Campliic acid, 1041.Campho-carboxylic acid, 1041.Camphor, bromnicro-, 438. - combination of chloral hydrate- cyano-, 1041. - liquid, 438. - new property of, 438.- nitro-, action of bromine and CMO-- oxidation-products of, 438.- reduction-products of, 100.Camphorethylimide, 284.Camphorethylimidethylimidine and itsderivatives, 284.Camphoric acid, 1042.Cananga oil, 916.Cane-sugar, adulteration of, with gln-cose, 1089.-- commercial, detection ofst arch-sugar inechanically mixed with,654. -- optical rotatory power of,in alkalice solutions, 1023. -- recorery of, from molasses byfermentation, 480. -- rotation const,ants of, 1023. -- specific rotation of, in dif--- specific rotatory power of, 653. - - strobometric: observations onthe inrersion of, by concentratedh j drxliloric acid a t the ordinarytemp-rat are, 243.Cane-sugars, influence of snccinic acidon the fermentation of, 836.Cape tea, 441, 4943.L'aproic wid, norinal, heat of combustionof, 352.sulphate of, 509.Biille, 998.with, 150.rine on, 438.ferent solvents, 243.of, 872INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1235Carbamidacetosulphonic acid, a newCarbarnido-carbamindithioglycollic acid,Carbaminthioglycollic acid and thiocya-Carica papa,ya, 58.Carbocincheromonic acid, 744.Carboglucvsic acid, 1033.Carbohpdrates and their derivatives,optical rotatory power of, 245. - certain, relation between crystal-line form and rotatory power of,245. -- multiples in the optical rotarypowers of, 147.Carbon, adamantine, or diamond, pre-paration of, 682. - elasticity and electric conductivityof, 776. - magnitudes of affinity in, 679. - native, new variety of, being thehighest known member of the seriesof amorphous carbons, 357.__. note on, and history of the spectrum- organic, estimation of, in potable-- quantivalence of, 679.- refractive equivalents of, in organic- spectra of the compounds of, withCarbon bisulphide, action of antimony-- apparatus for studying the-- estiniution of small quantities-- purification of, 800.- -- removal of, from commercial-- solid preparation of, for vines,-- solubility of, in water, 580.Carbon chlorides, action of molecular sil-ver on, 70'7.- compounds, action of nitrogen per-oxide on, 584.-- - heat of conibustion of, 10,135, 219.-- molecular rotatory power of,215. -- refraction equivalents of,333. -- relations between the physi-cal properties of, and their chemicalconstitution, 15.derivative of thiohydantoh, 257.715.nacetic acid, a compound of, 715.of, 95'7.waters, 196.compounds, 958.hydrogen and nitrogen, 957.pentachloride on, 239.diffusion of, in the ground, 650.of, 308.benzene, 770, 950.482.-- rotatory power of, 709.-- union of. by pressure, 503. -- various, heat of formation of,870.VOL. XL.Carbon in steel, condition of, and theeffect of " hardening " upon it,478. -- varying condition of, and itsinfluence on Eggertz's coloration pro-cess, 466. - tetrachloride, action of molecularsilver on, 707.Carbonic acid, combined, use of a newderivative of gallic acid as an indica-tor for the estimation of, 815. -- ethereal salts of, 251._I. - ethereal salts of, action ofphosphorous pentachloride on, 253. -- in the breath, new dernon-stration of, 1175. -- in water, use of Nessler's testfor ammonia for the detection of,971'0. -- tetrabasic, ethereal salts of,253.- anhydride, action of, on potassiumiodide and on ozonoscopic papers,975.-- atmospheric, a source of, 72.-- atmospheric, rapid estimationof, 204. -- combination of sodium oxidewith, 348.-- compressibility of, under lowpressures and a t high temperatures,1094. -- constancy of the proportionof, in the atmosphere, 19.diurnal variation of, in tileair, 974.---- estimation of, 943. -- estimation of, in air, 468. -- evolution of, by plant roots,931.-- - influence of an increasedquantity of, on the growth of plants,1060. -- influence of light on theliberation of, by plants, 1060. -- of the atmosphere, absorptionof the sun's rays by, 489. -- proportion of, in the air, 873. -- spectrum of, 861. - ethers, chloro-, 251.- oxide in tlie air of rooms, 318.-- poisoning by, 1086.Carbon y It hiocarbanilidc, 905.Carbonylthiocarbotoluidide, 5306.Carbostgril, 169, 171.Carboxyl, direct introduction of, intophenols and aromatic acids, 265,1140.Carpholite, $90.Carvacrol, 95.Cassia occidentalis from Martiniqur,aniido-, 598. -seeds of, 483.4 1236 INDEX OFCassiterite or tinsf one, 382, 995.Cast-iron, action of soda on, 126.I_ malleable, 766.CiLtecliin, acetyl deyivatives of, 52.Catechol, action of ethyl chlorocarbonateCauc ieian petroleum, 1020.Caustic dlialis, use of Nessler’s test forammonia for the detection of, in pre-sence of‘ carbon:] te, 940.- soda, commercial, occurrence oiarsenic and vaiiadiuni in, 856.Celestine from the Muschclkalk ofJuhnde, near Giittingen, 524.Cells, poltirised, resistance of, 958.Cellulolcl, 481.Cellulose, acetic derivatives of, 709.Cement, 1 180.- contributions to our knowledge of,Cementation-wat em, 769.Cement?, some, composition of, 1181.Cereals, fertilisation of, 633.Cerite metals, distribution of, 224.Cerium, presence of, in the coal measures- group, absorption-spectra of someCerusite, crystallography of, 232, 397.Cetylacetic acid, 408.CetylIiIalonic acid, 408.Ceylonite, 376.Chabasite, 531, 696. - t n in-formation and optical proper-Cbalcomenite, a new mineral, 691.Chalybeate spring, Kingstead, St. Ed-munds, anltlysis of the water of,1112.on, 48.1088.of St. Etienne, 21.metals of, 349.ties of, 398.Chassignite, 395.Cheese, 953.- ripening of, 1184. - Tieinann’s process for the manu-Chemical affinity, 17. -- tletcrniination of, 783. -- determiiiation of, in terms ofelectromotive force, 959. - constitution of organic compoundsin relation to their refractive powerand density, 489.facture of, 952.- repulsion, 873, 971.Chenopodin in coal, 107.Chick, does glycogen occur in theChiidienite, cheinical composition of, 365. - and eosphorite, relation betM een,Chileite, Domeyko’s, 1108.Chiniietlloriic acid, 631.Chloracetir, chlorides, action of zincblastodcrm of the ? 629.365.methicle on, 401.SUBJECTS.Chloral, trnnqformntion of, into mcta-- alcoholate, 675.- hydrate, combination of, wit I1chloral, 248.heats of formation of, 676. --camphor, 180.heats of formation of, 676.vupour of, 573.-- --Clilorates, beliaviour of, in hot soln-tions, 322.Chlorides, quantitative estimation of.in urine, 643.Chlorinated compounds, h a t of fonua-tion of, 67 1.Chlorine, displacement of, by brominein potassium chloride in an atmosphereof nitrogen, 342.- girseous, specific heat of, 784. - preparation of, 22.- solution of, in water, 784.- vapour dcnsity of, 219. - tetroxide, boiling point of, 345. -- and ethylene, action of dif-- trioxide, 506.Chlorite-spar, 234.Chlormelanite, 991.Chlorocmbonic acid, conversion of, intoformic acid, 248.- ethers, 251.Chlorochromic acid as an oxidisingagent, 581.Chloroform, formation of, from alcoholand bleaching powder, 566.Clilorogenine (alstonine), 623.Chloropal, 992.Chlorphenols, disinfecting power of,Clilorophy11, influence of intermittent,Choke-damp, poisoning by, 853.Cholanic acid, 750.-- Tappiner’s, 926.Cholestene (tholcst erilene) ,401.Cholesterilene (cholestene), 401.Cholestroplinnc, 7447.Uholic acid containing solid fatty acids,-- new oxidation - product* of,-- oxidation of, 294, 749,9213.Chrjstophite from St. Agnes, Cornwall,Cliromammonium compounds, 1104.Chromates, crjstallisecl, preparation of,- volume constitittion of, 137.Chrome-iron, note on, 690.Chrome-iron ore, estimation of chromiiunChromic chloride, formation of per-fused daylight on, 399.126.light on the forination of, 930.158.624.360.352.in, 942.manently green crystals of, 352INDEX OF SUBJECTS.123’7Chromite, nodules of, in meteoric ironChromium, estimation of, in chrome-- estimation of, in iron and steel,- reversal of the lines of the vapour-- wparation of aluminium from,1081. - voluniet,ric estimation of, in pre-sence of ferric oxide and alumina,760.from Cohahnila, 705.iron ore, 942,646.of, 937.- ba~iuni oxdate, 576.- oxides, 77. - sesquioxide, 63. -- action of reagents on, 21.~ eulphides, 225.Chromous acctate, preparation of, 685.- bromide, iodide, and oxalate, 685. -- preparation and properties- chloride, preparation and proper-- iodide, preparation of, 685.- oxalate, preparation of, 685. - sulphate, preparation and proper-ties of, 684.Chrysmisic acid, 724.Chrysocolla, ‘392.Chrysoidine, 725.- and related azo-colouring matters,Chunnos potatoes from Peru, 932.Cinchamidine, 1045.Cinchomeroriic acid and its salts, 290.Cinchona bark, constitution of somealkah‘ids of, 615.Cinchonic acid derivatives, 742.Cincl ionidine, 620.- and its salts, 291.- di-ioclslkyl-compounds of, 183.- ethyl derivatives of, 183. - optical estimation of, in commercialquinine sulpliate, 315.- platinochloride, 922.- purzcm, coniniei*cial, cinchamidine- quinate. 292.- salicylate, 292. - sulphate, formnla of, 291.Cinchonine, 288. - benz-1-derivatives of, 290.- distillation of, with zinc, 446._I ethyl-drricat ires of, 289. - met1 yl-derivativrs of, 289._~ benzgl chloride, 290.-- hydrate, 290. - diethiodide, and the action ofaininonia on, 289, 290.- d i metl-iiodide, 289. - ethyl bromide, 289.of, 685.ties of, 684.absorption spectra of, 591.in, 1016.Cinchonine, methylbromide, 289.- sulphates, neutral and acid, 589.a-Cinchoninesulphonic acid and its salts,Cinchotine, 830. - (hydrocinchonine of Caventou andWillm), 620.Cinder, basic, estimation of, in mrtnu-faetured iron, 648.Cinnabar, occurrence of, in Californiaand Nevada, 689.Cinnainic acid, action of hydrochloricacid on, 425.-- nmido-, separation of ortho-,from para-, 171. -- dibroruonitro-, 274, -- orthonitro-, preparation of,-- relation of, to the indigo- - synthesis of, from ethyl malo-- acids, amido-, action of reagents on-- amido-, three isomeric, 169. - chloride, 169.Cinnamyl cyanide, 169.Cinnamylformamide, 169.Cinnamglformic acid, 169.Circuit, produced by the reaction ciir-rent of electrolysis, and by evaporationand condensation, 1092.732.274~group, 274.nate, 168.the three isomeric, 170.Citraconic acid, 416.- anhydride, 35, 1032.Citradibromopjrotartaric acid, decom-Citrate of caffeine, 447.Citric acid, action of, on phosphates, 759.- -- decomposition of, by distillu-C1a;r.contribution to the knowledge of,- for porcelain, composition of, 324.- goods, 477.Clinophrite, 370.Clintonite group, 233.Clouds, dust, and fog, relations between,Clover seed, colonr of, 837.Clover sickness, 755.Coal, 107.- boghend, from Resiutta, 688.- estiniation of ash in, 196.~ estimation of sulphur in, 6-1.5.- spontaneous ignition of, 482.Coal-dust, influence of, in colliery ex-Coal-gas, action of palladinm, rhodiimi,derivatives of, 1032.bromo-, 416.----position of, 416.tion, 35.synthesis of, 256. --324.970.plosions, 950.a d p1atin:m OR, 706.4 0 1238 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Coal-gas, estimation of ethylene andbenzene-vapour in, 850.-- poisoning by, 853.Coal-tar colours, identification of, 659.Coals, Canadian, 547. - of New South T;lialcs, inorganic- some New South Wales, composi-Cobalt, qualitative separation of, from- separation of, from iron, 1171.- separation of nickel from, 1082.- amides, 1106.- osidefi, 77.-- salts, absorption spectra of, 486,957.Cobaltiferoua gersdorffite from Bena-Cocculin, 741.Cocculus indicus, constituents of theseeds of, ‘740.Coccus red, 130.Cocoa-nut meal, analysis of, 301.Cod liver oil, iodine-iron, analysis of,-- - - iodine-iron, preparation--- light-coloured, ash of,Codei’ne, 829.- methiodide, 829.Codethylene, 829.Codomethylene, 829.Coffee, analysis of, 4’73. - method for examination of, 1177.- products from the roasting of, 28’7.Coffee-oil, 100.Coffee-plant, saccharine matters in thefruit of, 127.Coke, estimetion of ash in, 196. - estimation of sulphur in, 645. - pure, analysis of, 857.Collagen, chemical structure of, 294.Collidine, 56.Colliery explosions, 948..__- influence of coal-dust in,Colophony, products of the distillationColouring matter from Beth-a-barra__.- of Rubus chamaemorus, 129.Colouring matters, azo-, related to chry-so’idiiie, absorption spectra of, 591.-- from resorcinol, 726.-- obtained by the action ofdiazo-compoui.ds on such bodies asphlorizin, 429. - - of human urine, with an ac-count of their ai tificial productionfrom bilirubin and fi.oni hEmatin,1056.constituents of, 983.tion of, 980.nickel, 194.hanis, province of Malaga, 1110.124.of, 131.184.950.of, 738.wood, 1042.Colouring mnttere, use of methyl alcoholColumbite, crystalline form of, 544.Condensation, circuit produced by, 1092.Conglutin, actionof salt solutions on,1160.Conine, condtution of, 825. - hydrobromide, 745. - hydrochloride, 745.Conquinamine and its salts, 1154, 1156.- rotatory power of, 1157.Conquinine platinocllloride, 922.Conricin, 1158.Conylene, 746.Cooling-pans in distilleries, disad-Cooling power of gases and vapours, 341.Copper, deposition of, on iron in a mag-- from New South Wales, 992.- metallic, crystals of, from themines of Coro-Coro in BoliTia, 997.- preparation of, a t the “ Stefano-foundry in the Zips,” 768.- use of sodium hyposulphite(Na2S0,) in the estimation of, 310.- acetate, decomposition of, in pre-sence of water, 153.- ores, Canadian, 546. -- phosphorised, 368. - oxide solution, alkaline, action oforganic matter (not sugar), in caneand beet products on, 1177.- refining, 768.- selenite (chalcomenite), 691.- sulpliate, a new bssic, 524.Copper and iron, crystals of a compoundof, with sulphur, from Rorae, 353.Copper and zinc, separation of, by pre-cipitation with sulphuretted hydro-gen, 467.in preparing, 211.vantages of, 1089.netic field, 962.Coqnimbite, 39’7.Coral-reef, 101 1.Coral-Limestone, 392.&c., from the South SeaCor:Lllin, crystallisable constituents of,Comllin-phthalin, 899.Cordierite, 549.Cork-tar, 1040.Corn, a new kind o f : djugars, 1065.Corn-cockle scede, presence of, in meals,Corned beef of the St.Louis CanningCorundiferous felspar of Biella, inCorundum of Biella, in Piedmont, 385.Cotiwnamic acid, hydrochloride of, 445.Cotarnine, 445.Cotton seed meal as fodder for milchCOWP, 636.- --Islands, composition of, 1011.725, 899.31’7.Company, analysis of, 211.Piedmont, 384ISDEX OF SUBJECTS, 1239Covellin, occurring as encrusting pseu-domorph on a bronze Celtic axe foundon the Salsberg, near Hallstadt, 227.Cows, feeding of, with rice meal, 297.- milch, American, flesh-meal for,758.-- cotton-seed meal as fodderfor, 636. - quantity and quality of milk yieldedby different races of, 630.- Tyrolese, milk of, 1163.Crat’er, products from a, 237.Cream from De Laval’s centrifugal sepa-rator, composition of, 771.Uresol, amido-, action of sodium formateon, 593. - derivatives, 592. - ortho-, meta-, and para-, action ofethyl chlorocarbonate on, 48.Cresols, mono- and di-nitro-, 593. - nitro-, 725.Cresoxynietliylene-phthalyl, 733.Cress, manuring of, with dicalciumphosphate on soils free from liumus,462.Crocoite-group, 1109.Crocydolite, 553, 990.Crops, rotation of, 639.Crotonaldehyde and its derivatives, con-- preparation of, 405.a- and p-Crotonic acid, monobromo-,Crotonyl alcohol, 710.- chloral, production of, ’711.- iodide, 711.“ Cry of tin,” phenomenon commonlycalled, 783.Cryohydrates, Guthrie’s, 216.Cryptolite, 991.Crystallisation by thermo-reduction,Crystallographic notices, 397.Crystallography, analytical geometrictreatment of, 398.Crystals, hemimorphous, deve1op:nentof polar electricity in, by alterationof pressure in the direction of thesymmetrical axes, 958.densation-products of, 710.798.687.- variability of the angles of, 356.Cumic acid, amido-, and some of itssalts, 276.Cuminil, 421.Cuminilic acid, 421.C‘umino’in, 421, 597.Cupric antimony, incandescence of,when heated strongly, 513.- hydrate, decomposition of sodiumsalts by, 978. -- reduction of, in neutraland acid mixtures by grape-sugar,595.Cupronine hydrobromide, 446.Cuprous chloride, thermo-chemistry of,- iodide, heat of formation of, 7.Curqtto guano, 61.Curcumin, 610.Currents, absolute measurements of, b jCjanethine, action of mineral acids on,- and new bases derived from it, 5 a.Cyanite, 545. - crystal-system of, 548.Cyanocnmphor, 1041.Cymene, action of chlorochromic acidon, 582. - action of nitrogen peroxide on,584. - conversion of terebenthene into,39. - new, remarks on Eelbe’s discoveryof, in light resin oil (resin spirit), 40.Cymenesulphonaniide, bromo-, 594.Cymenesulphonic acid, bromo-, and itssalts, 594.- acids, 1’74.-- and their salts, 602. - chloride, bromo-, 594.Cyclopia-fluorescin, 442, 443.C’yclopia-red, 442.Cyclopic acid, 443.Cyclopin, 442.6.electroljsis, 958.54.D.Damiana, analpis of, 106.Dnniell’s cell, influence of concentrationof the solutions on the electromotiveforce of, 335.Darnel and lucerne, as a mixture formeadows, 1065.Datura strarnonium, alkaloyds from,293.DaubrSelite, a new mineral, 705.%?light, me:tsurement of the actinisinDeciline, 1021.Decipium, 979. - absorption-spectrum of, 349.Dehydrocliolic acid, 625.Demantoid from the Urals, analysis of,Density of certain acetates, 969.Deoxyaiizarin, 823.DeoxybenzoYn, action of nitric acid on,- dinitro-derivatives of, 422.Deoxycuminoin, 4 2 1.Descloizite (?), 1108.- composition and crystalline for111of, 955.697.813.of, 1000,10011240 INDEX OF XJBJECTS,Desmin, relation of phillipsite to, 695.Developers, new, for silver bromine dryDcxtrin, conversion of glucose into, 570.JXabase, periodotiferous, of Moss0 in theDiabetic urine, 1162.Ihacetaesculin, dibrom-, 108.- tribrom-, 108.Diacetic catechin and its derivatites, 53.Diacety lanrin, 900.Ihacetyldiphenol, 912.Iliacetyl- y diphenyl, 910.Diaoetylhydrasobenzene, 909.I)iacetqlresorcinol, 591.Diadochite from the V6drin Mine, 999.- (phosphato-sulphate of iron), twovarieties of, found in the coal mine atPegchagnard (Ishe), 999.plates, 317.Biellese, 388.Dialdane, action of ammonia on, 246.Uiallage, analpis of, 537.Diallyl, heat of formation of, 674.- carbinol, methyl and ethyl ethersDiallylene monobromide, 565.~)iallylethylalcamine, 1 158.Diahylmaionic acid, a neutral bromideDiallyl-methyl carbinol, formation of--- heat of combustion of,Diamond, artificial production of, 1019.- colours of, in polarised light, 357.- or adamantine carbon, preparation- refraction equivalent of, 333.1liamylamine, and its salts, 34.I~iapocinchonine, 617.Diaspore from the Greiner, 551.Diastase, effects of, on starch-paste,- fermenting power of, 115. - of Kt+, 1059.Jliastasimetry, 1051.Diazo-amido-benzene, 262.J)iazobenzene, cliloride of nitrosomethyl-- nitrate, 809. -- tliermal constants of, 809.Diazo-compounds, 262.Diazoresorcinol, and the ethyl ether of,Dibenzarsenious iodide, 905.Ijibenzarsinic acid, 904.~)ibenzhydrylarnii3e, 279.7)ibenzoyl-pyroguaiacol, 813.Dtbenzyl, products accompanying it inthe aluminium cliloride reachion, 913.Diberizylamido-ether, 1138.1 )ihrnzylglycollic acid, 174.- - and its deri\atives, 1036.of, 404.from, 577.p-nier hoxyglutaric acid from, 414.871.of, 682.1024.nitro-, 730.726.Dibenzylglycollic acid, nitril of, 174.l)ibenzyIidene-acetone, 423.Dicarbinols, 82.L)icarboiiyldi~~aphthylene, and its halo-DicarbotetracaPbonic acid, ethyl salt of,Dicetylacetic acid, 409.I>icet> lmalonic acid, 409.Divhlorhy drin, and its oxidation pro-Dicodethjlene, 1045.- hydrochloride, 1045.Didyniium tungstate, 225.1)ielrctric capacity of liquids, 963.Dies, steel for the manufacture of, 856.Diet hoxydroxycaffeine, 614.Diethyl plienyldioxycarbonate, 48.- phtha!ate, 1147.Ilietliylacetic acid, calcium and bariumDiethylamine diethyloxamate, 718.- platinocyanide, 707.Diethylbenzene, action of chlorochromicDietliylcarbamic chloride, 719.Uiethylcarbamine cyanide, 717.Diethylcinchoiiine, 289.Diethylcollidine dicarboxylate, 1029.Diethyldimethylammonium methylsul-Diathyleneorthonitrophenyl ether,Diethyleneplienyl ether hydrobromide,Diethj lformamide, 718.- action of phosphorus pentachlo-Diet hylfuniaramide, action of phospho-Diethyl ketone, 895.Diethylrualonamide, action of phospho-Diethyloxarnic acid, chloride of, 719, -- preparation of, 717, 718.a-Diethylphenylpropioiiic acid, 1035.Diflusior of liquids, influence of voltaic-- application of photometry toDiffusion residue, nutritive value of, 933.-- from beet, composition of,-- from beet-sugar manufJcture," Diffusion " and " press " residues asDigestion, changes of temperature- effect of alumina salts on, 189.- influence of alcohol, beer, and winegen derivates, 280.169.ducts, 1120.salts of, 408.acid on, 582.phate, 241.imido-, 1138.triidro-, 1137.ride on, 719.rus peiitnchloride on, 285.rus pentachloride on, 285.currents on, 963.the study of, 956.301.preserration of, 932.food, comparison of, 757.during, 926.on, 752INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1241Digestion, influence of certain salts and- influence of malt-liquors on,Dihydroanthmnol, formation of, fromDihydro~ybenzhydrol, 592.Dihydroxybenzoic acid, 584, 818.a-DihydroxybcnLoic acid and its salts,Dihydroxybenzoic acid (second) and itsDihydroxyfumaric acid, Tanatar’s, 156.Dihydroxglm sinobenzoic acid, 168.Dihydroxyiiaphthdenedisulphonic acid,Dihydroxyphenvlene cyanurate, 95.Dihydroxytliymoquinone, 596.Diimidomononitd, W20. - hydrochloride, action of hydrochlo-Diiododiphenjlthiocarbamide, 175.Diisopropyl ketone, action of chlorine on,- mono-, di-, and tri-chloro-, 34.1>imethoxybenzopIi~norie, 422.1)imethyl carboilate, 88.-ether, comoination of, with hydro-- a-hydroxyuvitate, 278.I~imetIiylninidotriplzeiiylmethane, 588.I)imethylamine, action of sulphuryl- prepwation of, 1027.Dimethylmiline, action of amyl bromide- action of aromatic acids, of alco-__. action of nitric oxide on, 161.- action of, on ethylene bromide and- ethiodide, decomposition of, by__.ferrocyanide, acid, 261. - hydrochloride, nitroso-, action of,on plienolsuiplioriic acids which donot eo:itain the methyl-group, 161.- hydrochloride, nitroso-, actioii of,on sodium P-nai)litholaulphonate, 161.__ metliiodide, decomposition of, byDimethyl:milinephthaleHn, 587. - hexnitro-, 588.Dirnethylanilinephthalin, 588.Dimet hy lan thracene, 1129.Dimethjlarsinic acid, oxidation of, 905.I)imethyll~~rbituric acid, 1033.Dimethylconine, 745.Dimet h \ lconylammo~~ium iodide, 745.Dimeth! lethplazonium chloride, 153.~nnetliylotliylcarbmol, wash-waters ofalkalo’ids on, 752,834.752.anthraquinoiie, 607.265.salts, 266.179.ric acid on, 820.34.chloric acid, dissociation of, 1096.-- pulvute, 97.chloride on, 716.on, 584.hols, aldehydes on, 587, 588, 589.acetylene tetrabromide, 160.potash, 581.potitut1, 584.the crude product of the nitration of,1116.Dimethyl-ethylene, 239.Dimethplhydrazine, and some of its de-Dimet,hy lisopropyloarbinol, 401.Dimethylketine, 805.Dim et hy lrneta toluidine, action of brom -Dimethylnaphthol, 53.Dime thyl-P-napht hylarnine, 177.Dimethylnitrosamine, 152.Dimethylparabanic acid, 74’7.lhmethylpiperidine, constitution of, 622.Dimethylpiperylammonium hydroxide,Dinietliylpiperyl iodide, 621.Dimethjlquinol, amido-, 595.-- derivatives of, 272.-- diamido-, hydrochloride of,Pivatives, 15 1.acetylbenzene ou, 722.action of heat on, 571.272. - mononitro-, 595. -Dimethylquinol-disulphoiiic acid and itsDimethylresorcinol, 269, 270.- dibroim-, 270.Dimethyl-P-resorcyl aIdehT.de, 271.Uimethylsuccinanhe, &ion of phos-phorus pentachloride on, 285.DimethvlsulDhocsrbazinic acid. 152.Salts, 272.Diinethiltetiali y droxyanthraquinone,1142.Dimethylurea, symmetrical, 747.Dimethyluric acid, oxidation-productsP-Dinaphthalene oxide, 264.Dinaphthylene oxide, a- and p-, anda- and /3-Dinaphthylethylene ether, 177,Dinaphthylmethane, 281.P-Dinaphthylmethylene ether, 177.P- Di-naphthylthiocarbai nide. 606.niopside (pyroxene), artificial, 694.Dioptase, 551.Dioxyacetophenone, 591.- mononitro-, 591.Dioxyadipic acid, 256.Dipurahydroxydiphenjl, 605.6-Diphenyl obtained from diphenylineand phenolparasulphonic acid, 912.Diphenyl, acetylparamido-paranitro-,911.- bases, 907.- derivatives, constitution of, 907. - a- and p-diamido-, 909, 911.- diparadinitro-, 604.- y, from benzidine, and diphenyldi-~nlphonic uiid cliouyplienylbeuzoicacids, 910, 911.of, 39.their derivatived, 281.178.6-dialnido-, 604.ether, 264.-1242 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Diphenyl, isoamido-nitro-, 911.- isobromo-, 912. - kobromonitro-, 911. - iaodinitro-, 604, 911. - orthonitro-, 912.- oxide ketone, 264. - paramido- (xenylamine), deriva-- para- and ortho-mononitro-, 604.- paramononitro-, azo-conipounds of,Diphenylacetic acid, synthesis of, 2'73.Iliphenylbenzene, t,rinitro-, 435.Diphenylbenxenes, 435.3Xphenyldisnlphonic acid, tetrazo-, 428.Diphenylenecarboxylic acid.nitro-, 435.Diphenylenephenylmethane, 438.Diphenylenetolylmethane, 434.l)iphenylfumarlc anhydride, 47.Diphenglfumarimide, 48.7>iphenSlguanylguanidiii~, 44.Diphenyline, 604, 911, 912.- preparation of, 909.Dipbenrlniethane, monobromo-, actionof ammonia on, 279.Diphenylnaphthylmethane, 434.Diphengloxamide, action of phosphorusDipropylresorcinol and some of its de-- nionobroino-, 269.- tetrachloro-, 269.Diquinoline, 613.- platinochloride, 613.Diresorcmol, tetranitro-, 1134.I)it%esorcinolketone, 812.I)iresorcinolphtliale~n, 95.IXresorcinoiphthalin, 96.I)isalicylamide, 42.Disalicyldiamide, 42.Dissociation : comparison of formuleeDiplienylparaxylylmethane, 434.a-l)iphenylpropionic acid, 1035.L'iphenplthiocarbimide, 176.I)iphenFliirethaiie, 176.Diphenyls, dinitro-, two isomeric, 604.Dipiperallylalcainine, 1158.Dipropargjl, 495, 565.- polymeride of, 565. - tetriodide, 565. - and benzene, comparison of, '719.Diprupionyl dicyanide, 154.Dipropylcarbinol, 401.Dlssocioscope, 343.Distilleries, disadvantages of cooling-pans in, 1089.Disulphuminebenzoic acid, 817.Disulphobenzoic acid, 817.Dita bark, alkalolds from, 448.Dita'ine, 109._I rcduction of echitamine to, 184.tives of, 1'75.175.pentacliloride on, 718.rivatives, 269.deduced from experiment, 1095.Ditamine, 448.Dithioglycollic acid, and its salts, 580.Dithiotetratliiazyl, dichloride of, 976,Ditolylamine, liexanitro-, 41.- telrabrom-, 41.DitolTlethylene, 260.n-Ditolylpropionic acid, 1035.Ditolylthiocarbamide, action of carbonylniriciii, 1159.Djugara, a new kind of corn, 1065.1)olomite of flouth Tyrol, 27.Double decomposition in absence of'water, 342.-- in aqueous solutions of salts,therniochemistry of, 869.- refraction, influence of change oftemperature and pressure on, 334. - salts of the lower members of theacetic acid series, Part 11, 797.Douglasite, 227.Dracylic arid, nitro-, 422.Drainage water from moorland, 117.Dublin, mineralogy of the county of,382.Dufrcnite from Rockbridge Co., Virgi-nia, 1111. - from Rockbridge Co., Virginia,composition of, 529.Dunite of the Jenks mine, Macon Co.,N.Carolina, 540.Duroylbeiizoic acid, and its salts, 732.Dust in the air, 843.9- in workshops, quantitative estima-- fog, and clouds, relations between,Dye, blue, from p-naphtholtetrazoben-I_ estimation of, in textile fabric,Djestuff, new, 483, -- allied to malachite-green,Dyes from P-nsphtholdisulphonic acids,Dynamite, estimation of nitroglycerolchloride on, 906.tion of, 7'61.970.zene, 178.11'78.589.179.in, 472.E.Earth, black, of Russia, 1070.Earthenware goods, 4477. -- contributions to the know-Earths, discontinuous phosphorescence- rare, and their sulphates, molecn--- magnetic properties of, 495.ledge of, 324.spectra of, in high vacua, 773.lar heat and volume of, 494INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1243Echitamine? 448.- relation of, to dita’ine, 184.Echitammonium hydrate, 448.Echitenine, 448.Egg peptone, preparation of, 450.Eggonite, 236.Eggs, investigation of the processes ofdecomposition occurring during therotting of, 110.Ehlite, 368.“ Eklogite ” which occurs as enclosurein the diamond mines of Jagersfontain,Orange Republic, South Africa, 552.Electric arc, electromotive force of, 958. -- sound of, 959. -- studies on, 962. - conductivity of heated gases, 6’71. -- currents by liquid diffusion andosmose, 963. -- effects of, on the surfaces ofmutual contact of aqueous solutions,962. - discharge, silent, researches on, 3. - distribution as manifested by thatof the radicles of electrolytes, 963.- light, influence of, on vegetation,and on certain physical principles in-volved, 962. - pile, Faure’s secondary, 671. - polarity, development of, by pres-8ure in the hemihedral crj stals withinclined faces, 2. - tension, differences of, betweenliquids in contaet, with special re-ference to the state of cencentration,491.Electrical conductivity of saline solu-tions, 71.- measurements, absolute, unit in,334.Electricity, atmospheric, influence of,on the growth of grapes, 931.7 discharge of, in gases and highvacua, 70. - laws of the development of, by theaction of pressure on tournialine, 338. - production of, by contact of hetero-geneous metals, 864. - refraction of, 963. - thermic theory of, 70.Electrolysis, circuit produced by thereaction current of, 1092.- of organic substances in aqueoussolutions, 215.- thermal, 868.Electroljtes, electric distribution asmanifested by that of the radicles of,9G3.Electrolytic deposition of a metal,changes of volume accompanying, 671. - estimations and separations, 1081. - experimeilts, 3, 9Gd.Electromotive force, determination ofchemical a5nity in terms of, 959. -- theriuo-electric, del eloped bythe contact of a metal and a liquid,measure of, 336.Eleonorite, 525.Enamelling fancy hardware, 208. - metals, 208.Enargite from the Matzenkopfl, nemBrixlegg, in Tyrol, 397.Enstatite from Smmui, 694.Enzymes, 1051.Eosphorite, 530.- and childrenite, relation between,Epichlorhydrin, action of hydriodic- action of methylamine on, 1122.Epidote, 550.- comparison of zo’isite with, 1004.- parallel combination of diii’wentvarieties of, 3’79.Epistilbite, monoclinic form to which itshould be referred, 397.Erbium and its salts, 350.Erigeron cnnadense, essence of, 1151.Zriodictyon cal ifornicunt, 105.gruptive rocks, a group of dissimilar,in Campton, New Hampshire, 701.Erythrodextrin, 5’70.Erjthrol, oxidation of, 402.Easence of Erigeron caaadense, 1151.- linaloes, 738.Essential oil of henip, 284. -- Orignnum vulgare, some con--- TJLYwus serpcyZZum, some con-Essential oils, action of, on the ultra-Et8hane, 565.- hexchlor-, action of molecular- derivatives, boiling points of, 399.Ethenylamidotoluenemercaptan, 597.Ethenyltricarboxylic acid, 156.-- monochlor-, 156.Ether, compound of, with phosphorus-- illuminating power of, 329.- products from the manufacture of,Ethereal salts of carbonic acid, 251. - - carbonic acid, action of phos-pllorus pcntachloride on, 253.-- influence of isomerism ofalcohols on the formation of, 36.Etheric or lampic acid, 5’76.Etherification of alcohols, initial rateEtherpyrophosphoric - dinaphtholsul-365.acid on, 1123.fitituents of, 95.etituents of, 95.violet raps of the spectrum, 957.silver on, ’707.pentachloride, 33.794.and limit of, 37.phonic acid, barium salt of, 9141244 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Btliers, contributions to the history of,8. - homologous, vapour densities of,782. - of quinol and orcinol, action ofnitric acid on, 1139.Ethoxycatfeine, 614.Ethoxyculiiic acid, and Bome of its salts,Ethoxyhydroxysalicylic aldehyde, 166.~thoxyparah~~roxy’s~ligenol, 167.E t h j l acetate, action of bromine on, 248.-- conversion of, into butyric-- decomposition of, by zinc-276.acid, 249dust, 142. - . ace tethyliden eace tate, 405. - metoacetate and aldehydammonia,action of zinc chloride on a mixtureof, 1028._.- acetobenzylideneacetate, 405. - . alcohol, detection of methyl alcoholin, 197 -- etheritication of, 884. - amidomaleamate, 254. - arnidomaleate, 254.- benzoglycollatr, 1127. - benzylidenemalonate, 405. - brornacetate, action of ethyl bro-7 bromide, action of bromine on,- bromobutyrate, action of an alco-- butyrylglycollate, 1127. - chloracebte, action of sodium- chloride, heat of combustion of, 8.-- and naphthalene, action ofaluminium chloride OLI a mixture of,1041. - chlorisocrotonate, action of potas-sium cyaiiide on, 800. - chloroIbrr~yltric~rboxylate, 5’77.- chloromaleamnte, 254. - chloromaleate, action of ammonia- chloromalonate, 5’77. - choloidate, 1161 . - citraconate, 1032. - dismidosuccinate, 5’78. - u- and 8- dibenzoylhydroxamat.e,- dibromosuccinate, action of am-- dichloracetate and potassium- diphenylfumarate, 48. - ether, combination of titaniumtetrachloride with, 2.40. -- decomposition of, by zinc-dust, 141.mide on, 576.398.holate on, 801.ethylate on, 1127.on, 254.584.mania on, 577.cyanide, 798.Ethyl, ethylbenzoylhydroxamate, 571. - glycocholate, 1160.glycolltites, 1127.hyoglgcocholate, 1161.- hyotaurucholnte, 1161.- isobutyryl glycollate, 11 217.- itaconate, 1032.- malonate, action of water on, a t a--high temperature, 15.Ei.inosauonate, 1032. -- a- and p- methylacetosuccinate,- methyl carbonate, 88.- mono- and di-chlorothiacetates,- monochlorocrotonate, 413. - naphthol carbonate, 48. - uitmte, reduction of, bp alcohol,- nitropheny lnitrosoacetate, 730. - paraclilorobenzjlate, 808.- peroxide, 709. - phenylacetotosuccinate, 600.- phoroiiate, 797. - phouplioroxycl~loride, 159.- pliosyhortetrucliloride, 138.- phthalylglycollate, 1127.- ~ropioiiylglycollate, 1127. - sslicylglyuc.llate, 1127. - pyroraceruate, 4113.- succiwate, action of bromine on,248. -- investigation of the productof the action of broiuine on, 414.- sulphate, action of aiumoiiia andaniines on, 240. - tartrate, action of zinc-ethyl on,7 14. - thiocyanacetate, products of thedecomposition of, 71ti. - tolylcarbonates, t h e e isomeric, 48.Eth: lamidobutyric wid, 37.~tliylamidociiinamic acid, action ofsodium nitrate on, 599.Ethqlamidoquinol h j drouhloride, 1139.Ethylarnine lUddte, ac*tion of phosphoruspelittichloride on, 285. - phthalimide, action of phosphoruapeiitucliluride on, 285.- pimelate, actioii of phosphoruspmtachloride on, 685. - pimelate, nialnte, and pht halimide,action of phosphorus peutachloride on,285.and their salts, 416.8‘30.242.- platinocyanide, 707. - pyromucste, actioii of phosphoruspentachloride on, 715.Ethylamines, production and separatioiiof, 1027.Etliylamylketone, 794.Etliylanthrucene, 737.- dllijdride, 100INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1245Ethplanthracene, dihydride, action ofEth~lantliradiliydride, 609.E thlyantlirahydride-nitrate, 607.Ethylarsenious dichloride, preparationEthylarsinic acid, oxidation of, 905.E tliylatrolactic acid, 600.Ethylazaurolic acid, 895.Ethylbenzene, action of chlorochromicEthylbenzliydrolic ether, 279.a- and P-Ethylbenzoylhydroxamic acid,Ethylcinchonidine and its derivatives,Ethylcinclionine, 289. - ethiodide, 289.Nthylene, action of nitric acid on, 1116. - dibrom-, action of oxjgen gas on,- estimation of, in coal-gas, 850. - illuminating power of, 329. - monobrom-, 882. - tribrom-, action of oxygen on,143.- and chlorine tetroxide, action ofdiffused daylight, 0x1, 399.~ bromide, action of dimethylanihneon, 160.- clilorhydrin, heat of formation of,887.- derivatives, boiling points of, 399.- ethers of phenol and nitrophenol,- metanitrophenyl ether, brom-,- orthonitm Iphenyl ether, brom-, and- oxide, t hermochemistry of the- oxides, thermal constants of, 967. - paranitrophenyl ether, brom- and- pliengl ether, brom-, 1137. - phen~lortlionitrophen~l ether,Ethylhydroanthranol, 737.Ethylhydroxyhmiue, action of beszoic- and its salts, 571.Ethylidene chloride, action of chlorine- - thermal constants of, 675. - oxychloride, 404.-- action of ammonia on, 404.E thjlmeth yli irea, b8.Ethj lnapthalene, and picrate of, 280. - tribrom-, 280.a- and 8-Naphthgl ether, nitration ofEthylnitro-authrone, 607.nitric acid on, 606.of, 9G5.acid on, 582.584.183.142.1136.1139.amido-, 1137.action of acids on, 887.amido-, 1133, 1139.1137.chloride on, 572.on, 398.5%.Etlij lnitro-orcinol, 1140.~tIiSlnitroquiaols, 1139, 1140.Ethylouiinthranol, 6137.derira tives of, 608.- chloride, 609.Ethyl( ,xpithrone, 100.E:thJ’11-’lienylacetaldehyde, 582.E t uylphen~~ammonium e thylsulpha te,Etliplpiiengloxamide, action of phos-Etliylphenvlthiourethane, 44.E t h~lphos~,hordicliloride and its homo-Etliyiplithalic acid, 1147.Etliylphthalimide, action of phosphoruspeiitachloi-ide on, 2%.Etlijlplit halyll~ydrox~ lamine, 586.Ethylpropylbenzene, 809.Ethylpulvic acid; 97.Etliglpyridine, reduction of, 444.Ethyipj-rulyl ether, 1121.Ethgltartronic acid, 577.Etht ltliiocarbirnide, a new formation of,1123.- thiocjanate, action of hydro-chloric acid gas on, in presence ofabsvl te alcohol, 811.Ethglvinylcarbinol, heat of combustionof, 9.Etliplrinyl hydrocyanide, preparation of,Euosmite, 359.Euphotide of Elba, 537.Euxittithone, sjnthetical preparation of,Euuenite, crystallographic examinationEvaporation, circuit produced by, 1032. - studies on, 1059. - m ithout fusion, 133, 678.Xxcrenient, nitrogenous constituents of,1058.Expansion of lead iodide, and of silver-lead iodide, coefficients of, 495.Expansion-cofficients of lead iodide, andof ail alloy of lead iodide with sllveriodide, 966.Explosion produced while heating wine,479.Explosives, decomposition of, in closedves‘els ; cornpodtion of the gasesformed, 483.- .232.pborus pentachloride on, 718.lopes, 158.239.5‘32of, 398.- heat of formation of, 968.F.Pahl-ores, Hungarian, chemicai analysisFairfieldite, 229.of, 3601246 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Fat, araomctric method for the estima-- estimation of, in milk, 656, 851,- function of, in germination, 59.- of animals, influence of food on- undecomposed, estimation of, inFats, saponification of, 210.Fatty acids, compound of calcium chlor--- estimation of undecornposed-- - tri- and tetra-basic, synthesis- oils, analysis of, 202.Failre’s secondary electric pile, 6’71.Paplite, sections of, 9‘31.Feeding stuffs, money value of, 106’7.Fehling’s solution, as a qualitative re--___ relation of various sugars to,-- standardising of, 942.Felspar, analysis of, 537.- corundiferous, of Biella in Pied-mont, 384.- from the rhombic porphyry ofChristiania, 1019. - from the Valley of BagnPres-de-Luchon (Upper Garonne), 692.Felspatbic substance, artificial produc-tion of, 383.Fergusonite, 382.Ferment, alcoholic, nature of, 928.Fermentation, 928. - alcoholic, evolution of heat during,-- influence of oxygen on, 479. -- of milk, 944.- in presence of organic salts, 836. - new method of, 126. - rapid alcoholic, 652.Fermeats, 1051.Ferric chloride, decomposition of, bylight, 670.- chlorides, lieat of solution of, 964.-salts of organic acids, some, de-Ferrocyanides of amines, 261.Ferrosulphochromite, 226.Ferrous carbonate or siderite, 995.- chloride, heat of solution of, 964. - oxide, allotropic modifications of,- sucrocsrbonate, 157.Ferruginous carbonated waters, 1112. - mineral from Amhurst Co., Ta.,Fibrin peptone, preparation of, 450.l:illov;ite, 229.tion of, in milk, 656.1184.tlie constitution of, 752.mixtures of fatty acids, 762.ide with, 712.fat in mixtures of, 762.of, 155.agent for sugar, 851.88’7.11.composition of, by light, 670.76.analysis of, 554.Fir seeds, germination of, 031.Fish, relation of the number of, to tlielime present in waters, 630.Flame of the Bunsen lamp, action ofthe air in rendering it non-luminous,773.Flames, some remarkable phenomenawith, 489.Flavescin, a new indicator, 193.Flax, successful growth of, in Saxony,Flesh-meal, American, for milch corns,-- as fodder, 302.-I_ fattening of pigs on, 927.Flint! 1003.Flour, estimation of gluten in, 1177.Fluid enclosures in topaz, 25.- meat, 430, 451.Fluobenzoic acid, 597.Fluorescence, 70,214.Fluorescent spectrum, 214.Fluorine compounds, organic, 597.- free, in fluorspai-, 785.Fluorspar, photo-, and thermo-electric- photo-electric and thermo-electricFluo-salts of tellurium, 223.Fodder, action of acid gastric juice onthe nitrogenous constituents of, 206.- analyses of, 1165.- composition of, 636.- flesh-meal as, 302.- green, spring barley as, 755.- use of lupines as, 116.Fodder plant, a new : sand vetch, 1065.Fodder plants, native, of New SouthFog, dust, and clouds, relations between,Food, comparison of “ diffusion ’) and- for pigs, preparation of, 302.- in0uence of, on the constitution ofthe fat of animals, ’752.- passing through the human body,absorption of, 1050. - relations between work and thedecomposition of, in the body, 114.Formamides, substituted, 717.Formates, specific gravity and volume-Formic acid, conversion of chlorocar--- decomposition of, by zinc--- electrolysis of, 798.Formic aldehyde, preparation of, 1123.Formo-p-naphthalide, 605.Formulte for calculating the quantity ofwater added to diluted spirit, 1182.60.758.properties of, 215.properties of, 337.Wales, 106’7.970.‘‘ press ” residues as, ’757.constitution of, 496.bonic acid into, 248.dust, 141INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1247Pormylnmido-diphenyl, 176.Formylcarboxglic acid , 1030.Forts, vitrified, examination of theFossil plants from the carboniferous- resins, new, from E m t Prussia,Fossils, Bohemian chalk, 477.Fredricite, a mineral resembling thefahl-ore from Falu, 998.Freiberg lead-furnaces, 208.Freislebenite from Hiendelaencins,Frieseite, analysis of, 689.Frost, influence of, on the analyses ofFruit, preservation of, in winter,Fruit trees, manure for, 121. -- manuring experiments on,936.Fumaric acid, formaticn of, from di-bromosuecinic acid, 416. -- formula of, 254. -- halogen derivatives of, 416.Fungi, behuviour of, in the animal sys-- lower, nutrition of, 299, 1058.Furfuracrolck, 24’7.Furfuraldehyde, action of acetone on, in- action of aldehyde on, 247.- action of, on aldehydes and acetonein presence of soda, 573.Furfurcrotonic aldehyde, 573.Furfiwonitril, 715, 801.Furfurylamine, 801, 897.Furnace gases, analyses of, 939.-- injurious effect of, on theforests of the Upper Harz, 1064,1179.materials of, 394.strata.of the Tarentaise, 390.687.Spain, 24.sugar beets, 1084.132.tem, 930.presence of alkalis, 889.-- rendering, inactive, 4’74.- products, two, 363.Furnaces, painted-glass, photo-electricFurze, cultivat,ion of, 116.regulator for, 126,G.Gahnite, 549.Galena from the Morgenstein Mine,Kreis Saaspte, in Westphalia, 548.Galenobismuthite, 689.Gallacetophenone, 811.Gallic acid, new derivative of, 815.Gallium in American blendes, 997.Gallium chlorides, anhydrous, 1103.Gsllocarboxjlic acid and its salts, 267.Galvanic cells, inconstant, theory of,- combinations, electromotive power- couple, theory of, 335.- polarisation, 775. -- strict meaning of, 4<90.Galvanism, thermic theory of, 777.Gardens, kitchen, rotation of crops in,Garden manuring experiments, 936.Garnet, chroniiferous, found on the PicPosetz, near the Maladetta (Pyre-nees), 376.866.of, 216,490.1069.-- green, from Val Malenco, 235. - lime-iron, 698. -- (“ demantoid”) from Syssertzkin the Urals, 538.- pseudmorph after, 54(4.Garnierite from New Caledonia, 549.Gas, illuminating, Wilkinson’s proce~sfor the manufacture of, from wood,769, 954.- analysis, convenient apparatus for,325. -- new apparatus for use in,939. -- notes on, 462.Gaseous matter, action of an intermittent,beam of radiant heat on, 966. - mixtures, explosire, velocity ofpropagation of inflammation in, 971.-- liquefaction of, 676.-- temperature of ignition of,778.Gases, absorption of, by solids, 872,971. - acid-, rendering inactive, 305. - combustion-, limits of emor in- compound, spectra of, 221. - cooling power of, 341. - criticd state of, 971. - dilatation and compressibility of,under high pressures, 12. - estimation of the heat of combus-tion of, 779. - ftirnace-, analyses of, 939.- heated, electric conductivity of,- occluded in aluminium and mag-- permanent, determination of tlic- solubility of solids in, 970.- specific heat of, 340. - taken froin zinc-reduction tubes,analyses of, 325. - viscosity of, 678.-__ of, a t high exhaustions, 971.Gasoline, explosion of, 1181.Ga st aldite, 5 5 3.analyses of, 205.671.nesium, 350.densities of, 1371248 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Gas tal dit e-eclogite from Val Tournanche,rutile in, 370.Gastric juice, abnorinal presence of uricacid in, 1161. -- acid, action of, on the nitro-genons constituents of fodder, 296.Gastropoda, espccially i!h?iu?n galra,formation of free sulphuric acid in,298.Gelatin, dry distillation of, 295.- nutritive value of, 1099.Gelose, 403.Georgio lavas, 557.Germination, function of fat in, 59.Germs contained in the air, action ofGismondine, a new occurrence of, 26.Glass, changes in, by heating, 5.- electrostatic capacity of, 963. - technology of, 323. - tougliened, resistance of, to flexure,478. - resulting from the fusion of theashes of grass, &c., microscopic studyof, 692.ozone on, 632.Glaucophane, 553.C2Iorio.m smperha, 103.Glucinum, atomic weight of, 139, 140,- properties and chemical characterGluconic acid, new isomeride of, 893.GI ncopro t e’in, 1047.Glucoee, action of sodium hypobromite- conversion of, into dextrin, 570. - estimation of, in urine, 315. - supposed synthesis of, 242.Gluvoside from ivy, 440.Glucosides, decomposition of, by heat,- researches on, 610.Ghitamine, estimation of, in plants,Gluten, estimation of, in flour, 1177.Gluten bread, analyses of, 67.Glyceric acid, action of dehydrating- .- - amide of, 153.- - isotricliloro-, s~nthesis of,-- synthesis of, from mono-- ether, 1122.Glycerol, absorption of moisture by,- action of ammonium chloride on,- action of soda on, 145.- estimation of, in beer, 4-70. - evapor,rtion of, 1084..- fcrwcntation of, 82.224.of, 511.on, 316.439.313.ageilts on, 417.153.chloro!actic acid, 416.1120.708.Glycerol, nitro-, heat of formation of,- nutritive value of, 114. - oxidation of, 402. - oxidation of, by nitric acid, 1021. - quaiititatire estimation of, 145. - six-carbon, 146.969.synthesis of, 145.triacetin of, 146.- -- volumetric estimation of, 1174.Glycerolphosphoric acid in iiornialhuman urine, 631.Glycocine sil-rer, action of benzoic chlo-ride on, 1144.Glycogen, action of mineral acids on,569.- amount of, in the liver and musclesafter death, 628. - does injection of sodium corbonat einto the portal vein cause the disap-pearance of, from the liver ? 027. - does it occur in the blastoderm ofthe chick ? 629. - elementary composition of, 569. - format,ion of, in muscle, 629.__. formation of, in the liver, 626. - in the liver, influence of cold onthe amount of, 627.-- influence of severe bodilyexercise on the amount of, 626. -- of hybernating animals, 629. - quantitittire estimation of, 655. - Sclitscherbalioff’s A, B, C, and D,- specific rotatory power of, 569.Glycogen-maltose, 567.Glycoline and its derivatives, 708.Glycollic acid, preparation of, fromGlycollic acids, substituted, 1127.Glycols, influence of isomerism of, onthe formation of their acetates, 144.Glyoxglic acid, behaviour of, withpotash, 155.-- constitnt ion of, 1030.Gneiss of the Morvan, sillimanite in,Gold, flashing of, 769. - geological occurrence of, in Russia,769. - mode of occurrence of, in certainminerals from the Unitcd States, 687. - occurrence of, in the limestone rochsof Persia, 769.- preparation of, from sulphurettudores, 769.~ presence of, in Silesia, 769.Grammatite, 996.Grandeau’s theory as t o the value ofhumus in the soil, examination of,117.570.sugar, 251.ether, 967. -1005INDEX OFGranrleau’s theory of the fertility of RGrape-sugar from starch, 770.Grapes, composition of various parts of,- influence of atmospheric electricity- influence of light on the ripeuing- mashing of, 126.Graphite from Ducktown, Tennessee,- from Split Rock Plumbago Mine,Grass, newly mown, loss which it suffers- potassium salts as manure for, 842.Green pagodite from Georgia, 382.Chignon, report on the experimentalGrossluder mineral Rpring at Salzschlirf,Grossularit e, 998.Ouaiene, 813.Guanajuatite, chemical composition of,Uuanine hydrochloride, action of picric- reaction, new, 655.Guano, African, composition of, ‘758.Gusnylguanidines, 43.~uanSll’Lienylthiocarbamide, and itsGuangli hiocarbamide, 43.Guejarite, a new mineral species dis-covered in the district of Guejar, inthe Sierra-Nevada, Andalusia, 517.- crystalline form of, 517.Gum, a new species of, occurring in- estimation of, in wine, 199.Gum arabic, comparative examination of- resin from Arizona and California,Gummite, 1110.Gun-cotton, heat of formation of, 342,Gunpowder, analysis of, 193.- fired, existeiice of potassium thio-sulpliate in the solid residue of, 977.Guthrie’ s cryohydrates, 2 16.Gutta-percha, peculiar property of, 953.Gypsum as manure, 1076.s d , 1166.1061.on the growth of, 931.of, 930.989.New Brunsmick, 545.when exposed to rain, 435.plots at, in 1879, 932.chemical examination of, 29.361.acid m , 655.salts, 43.beetroot molasses, 888.various kinds of, 212.52.96Y.H.Hsematei’n, 611.H=niat,in, artificial production of thecolouring matters of human urinefrom, 1036.3UB.JECTS. 12-29Hzmoglohin, crjstnlline, 625.- estiiiiation of, 112.Hair-dyes, 67.Halloysite, 540, 993.- from Tuffer, 693.Halogen elements, reciprocal displace-Halogens, reciprocal displacement of, in- vapour-density of, 872.Haloid acids, reciprocal displacement of,- salts, anhydrous, action of dry Iiy--- certain, thermochemistrj of,-- some, volume relations of, 71.Hdotrichite from Idria, 232.Hannayite, 231.HarJware, fancy, enamelling, 208.Harniotome, relation of pliillipsite to,Haughtonite, a new mica, 385.Hausmannite, 698, 994.Hay, Alpine, feeding value of, 1065.Heat, application of the second proposi-tion of the theory of, to chemiedphenomena, 777.- conduction in highly rarefied ail,966. - effects of, on the chloride, bromide,and iodide of silver, and on somechlorobroniiodides of silver, 965.- influence of, on the growth of beetsand potatoes, 633.- mechanicJ equivalent of, 491. - radiant, action of an intermittentbeam of, on gaseous matter, 966. - of combustion of alcohols of theally1 stries, 871.-- of benzene, 135. -- of carbon compounds, 10,135, 219. -- of carbonic oxide, marsh-gas,&c, 8.c_- of certain alcohols and alde-hjdes of the fatty series, 966.-- OF gases, estimation of, ’779.ment of, 5.absence of water, 134, 342.869.drogeii on, 6.219.695.of heptane and hexahydro-of some compounds of the--toluene, 1113.fatty series, 9.--- of formation of amyl chloride, 9. -- of cwbon compounds, 870.of chloride, bromide, and --iodide of sulphur, 673.-- ot cuproua chloride, 7 .-- of cuprous iodide, 7.pounds and aldeliycle, 674. -- of euplosirrs, 968.of d1dly1, clilorinated coni- ---- of gun-cotton, 3k21250 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Heat of formation of hydrogen persul--- of magnetic oxide of iron,-- of mercury fulminate, 780.-- of pyrogenic hydrocarbons,343. -- of sulphides from the base,and hydrogen sulphide, 493.-- of sulphur oxides, 6’73. -- of the oxides of nitrogen andof sulphur, 6.- of vaporisation of sulphuric anhy-dride, 876, - phenomena of the solution of alco-hols in water, and of water in alco-hols, 9.Heats of formation and of solution ofthe alkaline polysulphides, 492. - of oxiclation of the sulphides,493.Heavy metals of the ammonium sul-phide group, separation of, 122.Heavy spar from the basalt of the.Finkenberg near Kiidinghofen, oppo-site Bonn, 550.Hedyphaiie containing baryta, fromLmngban, 531.Helicin, action of heat on, 439.- modification of, 439.Hematite and brown hematite, 993.Hemialbumose, 1062.Hemicollin, 294.Hemihedral crystals with inclined faces,-- with inclined faces, polarHemp, essential oil of, 284. - steeping, 132.Heptane from Pilzus sahiana, deriva-- heat of combustion of, 1113.Heptolic acid, 255.Heptyl acetoacetate, 82. - bromide, 82. - iodide, 82. - malonate, 82.Heptylacetic acid, 82.Heptylidene, 1032.Heptylmalonic acid, 82.Herrengrundite, a new basic copper sul-phate, 524.Hesperetin, 739.Hesperetol, 740.Hesperidin and its derivatives, 739.Hesperitic acid, 740.Heterosite, blue, 550.Heulandite (stilbite) from Kerguelen’sITexhydroethylpyridine, ethylated, 444.He\lir tlmtoluene, heat of combustionphide, 492.219.electrical phenomena of, 339.electricity of, 338.tives of, 82.Island, 695.of, 1113.Hexmethylbenzene, 260.- synthesis of, 40.Hexmethylethane, 399.Hexolic acid, 255.Hexyl iodide, secondary, preparation of,Hexylene from mannitol, 1113.- chlorhydrin, 1114.Hippuric acid, 1144..-- - formation of, in the animalorganism, 928.Hippurylglycocine, 1144.Holmium, absorption-spectrum of, 349.Homatropine, 4.20.Homocinchonidine and its salts, 291.- methyl derivatives of, 184. - phenyl sulphate, neutral, 292.- platinochloride, 922.Homohydroxysalicylic acid and its salts,Homo-itaconic acid, 801.-- and its salts, 1127’.Honey, 316.Honig-thee, 441.Hopeite, 366.Hops, bitter principle and resin of,- cultivation of, 931.- of Southern Europe, 483.- valuation of, 946.Hornblende, 698.Hospitals during yellow fever, air of,Hot spring a t Nabmoo, near Maulmain,-- of the littoral chain of Veno-Humus extracted from soil by alkalis,Hyalomelane, ’701.Hydralzgea nrborescens, 916.Hydranthrone, nitroso-, 99.Hydratropic acid, brom-, 428. -- chloro-, 277. -- chlor-, and broin-, 425.Hydrazincinnamic anhydride, 598.Hy drazobenzenetetrasulphonic acid, andit,s salts, 903.Hydrazo-compounds, molecular changeswhich they undergo when subjectedto the action of mineral acids, 907.Hydrazo-diphenyl, 1’75.Iiydriodic acid, action of molybdenum-- action of phosphorus on,-- dissociation of, 1096.-- new compounds of, with am-Hydroanthracene nitrite, 606.Hydrobenzamide, action of liydrocymicfrom mannitol, 1113.1142.101.1179.British Burmah , 1019.zuela, 563.839.trioxide on, 1084.222.mania, 972.acid on, 168, 820INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1251Hgdrobromic acid, action of phosphorus-- etherigcation of, 32.--new compounds of, with-- preparation of, 18.Hydrocarbon, Cl0HI6, 738. - CllHI6, occurrence of, in rosin oil,809. - from the Waratah mine, NewSouth Wales, 982. - new, from Sequoia gigantea,98.Hydrocarbons, aromatic, inCroduction of,into ketonic and aldehydic acids, 814,1035. - aromatic, oxidation of, in theanimal organism, 632.- from American petroleum, 159. - obtained as bye-products in thedecomposition of lerulic acid by hy-driodic acid, 399. - of the acetylene series, direct ad-dition of water to, 883. - pyrogenic, heat of formation of,343.-unsaturated, action of oxygen onthe bromo-derivatives of, 142.Hy drocarbostyril, 274. - parabroni-, 274.IIydrochlorapo-bases from cinchonaalkalo‘ids, action of acetic anhydrideon, 619.Hydrochloric acid gas, preparation of,138.Eydrocinclionidine, 830.Hydrocinchonine of Cavcntou andHydrocinnamic acid, dinitro-, and its-- - nietamidoparabromo-, 2’74. - - orthonitro-. 274. -- parabromometanitro-, 274. -- par~bromorthonitro-, 274.Hydrocollidine and its salts, 825.Hydrocornicularic acid and its salts,Hydrocyanbenzide, 820.I~ydrocyancarbodiphenylimide, 163.Hydrocynnic acid, clctection of, 11’75.Hydrofluoric acid, molecular weight of,Hydrogen, liquid, density of, in presence- note on the spectrum of, 956.- refractive equivalent of, in organiccompounds, 958. - relative intensity OP the spectrallines of : its bearing on the coustitu-tionof nebula, 69.on, 222.ammonia, 972.Willm, and its salts, 620.derivatives, 274.1036.973.of inert liquids, 874.-- spectiwin of the flame of, 957. - lines, m-idening of, 955.VOL. XL.Hydrogen peroxide, 474. -- production of, by hydro-genised palladium, 898. -- stability of, 16. - persulphide, heat of formation of,- selenide, preparation of, 18.Hydromethylketole, 735. - nitroso-, ’735.Hydropiperic acid, reactions of theHydrosantonic acid, action of phos-Hydrostrychnine, trichlorinated, 293.Hydrothiodiphenylliydaiito’in, 906.Hydrotropine iodide, 263.Hydroxyanthranol, 823.Nydroxybenzamide, 42.Hydroxybenzophenone, trihydric, 592.a-Hydrosybutylformamidc, 86.n-Hydroxybutylformic acid and its salts,a-Hydroxybutyric acid, 577.-- amiclo-acids of, 87.Hydroxycaffeine, 614.Hydroxycinchoineronic acid, 744.a-Hydroxycinchonic acid and its salts,Hydroxycurnic acid and some of itsRydroxydiphenyl, dipsra-, 605.HydroxSethylulitic acid, 431.Iiydroxjisobutylacetic acids, 577.y-EIydrosyisoptitlialic acid, 50.Hydroxgisovaleronitril, 85.Hyclroxyl group, introduction of, bydirect oxidation, 45.Hyclroxj-lamiiie derivatives, vapour-density determinations of a few, 571.- platinocyanide, 107.~ydrosylplitIiall~mic acid, 586.Hgdroxymesitylenic acid from xylenol,Hydro-oxycamphoronic acid, 438.Sydroxyphthalic acid, 599.Hydroxjpicoline, 1046.Hydroxypropylsulphobenzoic acid, 46.Hydroxyquinohne, 613, ’743.Hydroxysalicylic acid and its salts, a,Hydroxysalicylsulphonic acid and itsHydroxystilbene, ortho-, 1150.l3ydroxytetrolic acid, 256.aydroxythymoqninone, 596.Hjdrosytoluic acid, 599.Hydroxytoluyl trope’ine, 420.Hydroxytriinesic acid, 432.Hydroxyuvitic acid and its salts, 431.a-Hydroxyuritic acid, preparation of,492.ammonium salt of, 728.phorus tribromide on, 286.86.dibromo-, 614. -743.salts, 276.599.114,O.salts, 1141.1i2.4 1252 IKDEX OF SUBJECTS.Hydroxyuvitic acids, comparison ofHydroxyvaleric acid, conversion of, intcHyoscine, 56, 44.6.Hyoscyine, 57.HypargFrite, 362.Hypersthene, 549.- from Bodenmais, 539. - from the pumice of Santorin, 388.Hypersthene-andesite, so-called, fromHppocaff‘eine, 614.Hypochloronitric anhydride, Gay-LUSSRC’S, 506.Hyposulphurous acid, 976.properties of, 172.isopropylacetic acid, 414.St. Egidi in Lower Styria, 695.I.Ice, analysis of, 207. - supposed heating of, 7’78. - and otlicr bodies, existence of, inthe solid state a t temperatures farabove their ordinary melting points,966.Sctrogen, 9341.Idocrase from Gleinit,z and the Johns-Idryl and its derimtives (Part II), 283. - tribrom-, 283. - trichlor-, 283.Idryldisulphonic acid and its salts, 284.Idrylmonocarboxylic acid, 284.Iirllicium religiosunt, fruit and seeds of,Ilmcnite from the Kapruner-Thorl inIncineration, note on, 939.Indigo, preparation of skatole from,- quantitative estimation of, 310.- use of sodium hyposulphite(Na2S02) in the estimation of, 310.- group, relation of cinnamic acid to,274.Indigobin, Baeyer‘s process for thesynthesis of, 98.Indoline and its derivatives, 51.Infusorial earth, 545.Ink, composition of, 6’7.Inorganic compounds, relation betweenthe molecular properties of, and theiraction on li-ving animal organisms,629.berg, near Jordansmuhl, 381.918.the Pinzgau, 996.278.Inosite, action of nitric acid on, 1022. - and its action on Pehling’s solu-Intestine, small, hydrolytic action of,Inulin, 243.tion, 1022.114.Inulins, specific identity of, and ofnatural levulins, 149.Invert-sugar, specific rotatory power of,653, 654.Iodides, alkaline, action of lead peroxide- double thermic properties of some,Iodine, detection of, by platinum chlo-- detection of, in urine, 644.- gasc’ous, specific heat of, 784. - manufacture of, 207. - behaviour of, a t high temperatures,- vapour-density of, 221. -- polymeric transformation of,/3-Todolactic acid, and some of its salts,Iodometric process, further remarks on,@-Iodonaphthalene, ’736.Iridio-platinum alloy, 680.Iron borocitrates, 89.- cltlorides, heat of solution of,- depositmion of copper on, in a mag--- estimation of chromium in, 646.- estimation of phosphorus in, 465.- finely divided, conduct of towards__. lines widened in solar spots, 957. - manufactured, estimation of basiccinder and oxides in, 648.- native, of Greenland, 515. - ores, estimation of phosphorus in,- -ore, clay band-, or limonite, ana-- -ores from Canada, 546.-- reduction of, by powdered- oxnlntes and some of their double- oxide, magnetic, heat of formation- oxides, 74. - passive state of, 343, 872.- pyrophoric, 74.- quantitative estimation of phos-- removal of, from newly-broken- rusting of, 512.- eensration of aluminium from,on, 976.217.ride, 644.686.1096.712.30’1.964.netic field, 962.nitrogen, 110$.465.lyses of, 993.zinc, 1170.salts, 713.of, 219.phorus and silicon in, 194.soils, 638.1081. --- method euggest,ed for,645.from, 1171.- separation of cobalt and nickeINDEX OF SUBJECTS.1253Iron, separation of, from manganese and-- tungsten from, 1171. - spectrum of, in the sun, 669. - titration of, with sodium thiosul-Iron-amalgam, preparation of, 8'79.- phosphato-sulphate (diaclochite) ,two varieties of, found in the coalmine at Pe,ychagcard (Ishe), 999.- phosphide, crystallid, productionof, by the fires in the coal beds a tConimentry, 690.Iron and copper, crystals of a compoundof, with sulphur, from Roras, 353.Iron-glance from Biancavilla, 237.Iron-manganese (spiegeleisen), crystal-line form of, 789.Iron-meteorite from Rittersgriin , exami-nation of, 560.Iron-pyrites, mineralogical examinationof, 523.Irrigation, action of water in the processof, 638.Isatin, action of ammonia on, 434. - preparation of, from orthonitro-Isatronic acid and its salts, 427.Isatropic acids, a- and p-, and their salts,Isethionic acid, 581.Island of Futuna, communications on,Isoallylenetetracarboxylic acid, 156.Isobutaldehyde,action of ammonia on, 84.- action of phosphorus pentachlorideon, 709. - ammonic compound, action ofhydrogen cyanide on, 84. - from light resin oil, 101. - some derivatives of, 84.Isobutyl alcohol, etherification of, 884.- isobutyrate, action of bromine on,- santonate, 181.Isobutylacetal, 34.Isobutylal, preparation of, 711.Isobutylallylmalonic acid, 415.Isobutylanthracene, 737.Isobutylene, 400.- monochlor-, 709. - dichloride, 710.Isobutylformic acid, a-amido- (a-amido-isovaleric acid), 85. - and methylcrotonic acids, calciumdouble salt of, 1126.Isobntglhydroanthranol, 737.Isobutylidene, chlor-, 793. -- action of hypochlorous acid- chloride, action of ammonia on, '793.alumina, 1082.phate, 849.with sewage, 842. -propiolic acid, 275.425.701.248.on, 793.Isobutyltartronic acid, 577.Isocaproic acid, oxidation of, 34.Isocumic acid, 582.- aldehyde, 582.Isocymenesulphonic acid, oxidation of,Isodibutylene, action of nitric acid on,Isodiethy loxamide, 717.Isocliniorphism of arsenious and anti-monious oxides, 791.Isodiphenylbenzene, 435.Isodipyridine, 826.Isqferulic acid, 744).Isohexolic acid, 255.Isohydroxyvaleric acid, amido-acids de-rived from, '713.Isomeric bodies, specific refraction anddispersion of, 213.Isomerism in the pyridine and quinolineseries, 744.- influence of, on the etherificationof alcohols and acids, 883. - of alcohols, influence of, on theformation of ethereal salts, 36. - researches on, benzene and dipro-pargyl, 719.Isophthttlic acid, some derivatives of, 96. - sulphinide and its salts, 1038.a- and y.Isophthalosulphoiijc acid, 50.Isopropyl bromide, conversion of normal- iodide, action of triethylamine on,Isopropylacetic acid, conversion of hy-Isopropylene-neurine, 151.Isopropylenic glycol, heat of combustionIsopropjlphosphordichloride, 159.Isopropy lstilbene, 1150.Isovaleramide, amido-, hydrochloride of,85.Isovaleric acid, a amido- (a-amidoiso-butjlformic acid), 85.Isovaleronitrii, imido-, 85.- aniido-, hpdrochloride of, 84.- imido-, hydrochloride of, 85.Isovanillic acid, '740.Itaconic acid, 800.- anhydride, 35, 155.- chloride, 1032.Ivy, glucosidc from, U O .818.400.into, by heat, 567.1025.droxyraleric acid into, 414.of, 10.Isopyr, 990.derivatives of, 1032. --J.Jadeite, blue sodalite, 990.Jamesonite, 548.4 P 1254 INDEX OF SUaTECTS..Jamesonite, from the province of Huelva,Jaulingite, 539.Jerusalem artichoke plant, influenceexerted on the growth of, by allowingthe (( sets " to decay before planting,456.1111.K.Kainite, injurious effect of, on the ger-Kanizer or Kainzen spring, analysis of,Kaolin, 545.- sodio-aluminic silicates formed bythe action of sodium carbonate on,684.Kelp, extraction of potawium iodidefrom, 319.Kentrolite, a new mineral Rpecies fromChili, 554.Kerosine mineral or torbanite, inorganicconstituents of, 988.- shale, composition of, 980.Ketincs, 796, 895.Ketone derivatives and aldehydammonia,condensation products from, 1028.Ketones, iiitroso-, reduction of, withsodium-amalgam, 796. - oxidation of, 423.Ketonic acids, aromatic, formation of,-- introduction of aromatic-- synthesis of, 731.Kidney substance, quantitative analysisKillinite, 1006.Kinzigites of Calabria, 519.Kitchen gardens, rotation of crops in,Gjerulfin, 366. - composition of, 230.- crystallograpliic examination of,Klipsteinite, 990.Kd.ji, 1059.Kraurite, 527.Xjmric acid and its salts, 827.liynilrine and its derivatives, 828.mination of potatoes, 300.30.600.hydrocarbons into, 814, 1035.of the albuniino'ids of, 661.1069.398.L.1,nboratory observations, 644.Labradorite, analjsiu of, 537.- from Uurrmosbach, 386.- porphyries of Westphdia, 387.Lactic acid in milk, 944.Lactic acid, P-iodo-, and some of its salts,-- isomerides of, 413.-- monochloro-, and its salts,-- prevention of the occurrence-- fermentation in urine, 928.- acids, a- and P-chloro-, formationLactobutyrometer, milk - testing with,Lactonic acid, oxidation of, by silver-- preparation of, 243.Lactones, constitution of, 34.Lactose, oxidation of, by silver oxide,- specific rotatory power of, 150.- and arabinose, identity of, 243.Laendan, a new species of gum occurringin beetroot molasses, 888.Lake mud as manure, 1077.Lakes, saline, existence of boric acid in,1019.Lambs, duration and composition of theincrease in live weight of, when fatten-ing, 450.712.417.of, in beer, 857.of, 154.657'.oxide, 243.243.Lapislazuli, a crystal of, 990.Lavas from Hawaii and other islandsof the Pacific Ocean, 392. - from the Island of Niuafou, 701. - from the neighbourhood of Cata-- of Gcorgio in Santorin, 55'7.Lazulite, 545.Lead chloride, action of chlorine and- chamber crystals, applications of,- clilorobromide, '789.~ detection of, in potable waters,- formate-acetate, 86.- f urnaces, Freiberg, 208.- glycerides, 145. - iodide, coescients of expansion of,495, 966. - ores, poor, removal of earthymatters from, by means of an air-blast, 767.nia, and their analyses, 701.hydroctiloric acid on, 788.476.1173.- oxjcyanides, 1116. - pluiiibothioglycollate, BOO. - quick method for the estimation of,-raw, Schnabel's process of desil-- separation of silrer from, '760. - silver iodide, expansion-coefficientsLeather, preparation of, 859.Lecture experiments, 18, 133.849.vering, 768.of, 966lNDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1255Legnmin, action of barium hydrate on,- action of salt solutions on, 1160.Leguminosae, cultivation and manuringLemon oil, commercial, 437.- trees, comparison of diseased andLepidine and its salts, 109.- bases isomeric with, 919.LepidophEite, 362.Leptandra, resin of, 103.Leptomeria acida (Australian currant),Leucaurin, 900.Leuce'ine, 1047.Leucine from valeraldehyde, 796.Leucite, 363.- crystalline form of, 397.- potassio-ferric silicate analogous to,Leucoline, oxidation of, lo&.- of tar, 1043.Leucolinic acid, 1043. -- decomposition of, 1044.Leucomethylaurin, 901.Leucopetrite, 359.Levulic acid, conrersion of, into normalmleric acid, 411. -- formation of, from dextrose,410. -- formation of, from milk-sugar, 410. -- hydrocarbons obtained as bye-products in the decomposition of, byhydriodic acid, 399.449.of, 938.sound, 300.acids of, 1033.389.-- oxidation of, 411. -- preparation, properties, andLevulin, natural, preparation of, 149.Lerulins, natural, specific identity ofLeyden jars, reduction of observationsLibethcnite, 368.- artificial, 367.Lichen. esculentus (manna), analysis of,Liebig's extract of meat, paralactic acidLight, influence of, on chemical action-- on the germination of seeds,-- on the growth of beet,- - on the liberation of carbonic-- on the ripening of grapes- intermittent, influence of, on thesalts of, m9.inulins and of, 149.on, 963.931.in, 413.in animals, 833.1061.930.anhydride by plants, 1060.930.formatioil of chlorophyll, 930.Light, white and coloured, experimentalLignin, 1122.Ligno-ceric acid, and its salts, 249.__- chloride, 250.LigroYn, explosion of, 1181.Lime, importmice of, to the animalLimestone, Silurian, analysis of, 698.Limestones, phosphoritic, of the IslandLimonite or clay-band iron-ore, analyses- concretions, analysis of, 993.Linaloes, essence of, 738.Linseed, chemical composition of, 116,- cake, exaniination of, 636.- meal, examinat8ion of, 636. - oil, adulterated, 4'73.Liquid compounds, volume constitutionof, 220.- digusion and osmose, electric cur-rents caused by, 963. - state, limit of, 971.Liquids, application of photometry tothe study of diffusion phenomena in,956.estimation of the relocity of, 861.organism, 190.of Ronaire, West Inches, 391.of, 993.753.- dielectric capacity of, 963. - influence of voltaic currents on the- mixed, Fapour-tension of, 1093. - volume constitution of, 13.Lithiophilite, 530.Lithiophorite (cacochlor), 363.Lithium, spectrum of, 957. - borocitrates, 89.- liyilroxylamine platinocyanide,- oxide, specific gravity of, 220.- uranate, 686.Liver, amount of glycogen in, afterdeath, 628. - does injection of sodium carbonateinto the portal rein cause the dissp-pearance of glycogen from ? 627.- formation of glycogen in, 626. - influence of cold on the amount ofgljcogen in, 627. - influence of severe bodily exerciseon the amount of glycogen in, 626 - nature of the sugar found in, afterrigor mortis, 628.Livers of hybernating animals, glycogenin, 629.Livingstonite, altered, from Guadal-cazar, 8. Luis, Potosi, Mexico, exami-nation of, 517.difrusion of, 963.708.- artificial production of, 518. - from a new Mexican locality, ex-Logwood, detection of, in wine, 761.amination of, 5171256 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Lophine, 51, 591.___ hydrobromide, action of bromineLubricating oil, explosion of, 1181.Lucerne and darnel, as a mixture formeadows, 1065.Lnnnite group, 368.Lupiiie sickness, prevention of, 934.Lupines, purification and digestibility of,I_ use of, as fodder, 116. - yellow, growth of, 299.- and field beans, coinparison of theinfluence of, on the production ofmilk, 927.Lupinine, 831.Lupulic acid, 102.Lupulin, composition of, 102.Lupuliretin, 102.Lute0 -co bal tamine chlorides, 1106.Lutidine, 56. - oxidation of, 443, 612. - p-, physiological action of, 1058. - aurochloride, 288. - hydrochloride, 56.Lutter, manuring experiments at, 935.Lycopodine, 1158.on, 51.838.M.JZacrocarpin, 52.Magnesia, production of, 1180.-- industry, 1087, 1180.Magnesium, gases occluded in, 350. - borocitrates, 89.- carbonate, coinparative examinationof samples of, 208.-- solubility of, in water chargedwith carbonic acid, 1102.I_ potasdurn platinocyanide, 240. - rate of solution of, in different- salts, alkanet red a test for,- - vegetable colouring mattersI_ spectrum of, 935, 957.lhgnetic oxide of iron, heat of forma-tion of, 219.IIawetite, 094.d z e , cultivation of, 455.__ stripping, 837.- use of, in the prepmation of starch,Jlnlachite-green and its salts, 165. - - preparation and salts of,Maleic acid, amido-, 254.-- formula of, 254. -- halogen derivatives of, 416.acids, 344.62.as test for, 63.mgar, spirit, arid beer, 330.580.Maleic acid and its salts, rotatory powerof, 892.-- in5uence of sulphuric and ofacetic acids on the specific rotatorypower of, 893.Malonic acid, action of bromine on,155.occurrence of, in the manu-factui-e of beet-sugar, 800.Malt, influence of, on the quality andkeeping properties of beer, 1090. - influence of temperature on thecomposition and amount of extractobtained from, 951.Malt liquors, influence of, on digestion,752.Malt wort, decrease of nitrogen in,during fermentation, 331.M alto-dcutrin, 1024.Maltose, 567, 568.- oxidation of, 568.Mandelic acid, preparation of, frombenzaldehyde, 277.Mangancse in steel, 950. - occurrence of, in Nordmark, 697. - carbonate (mineral), 698.-- dioxide, action of hydrochloric-- containing antimony, 141.- ores, Canadian, 546.- separation of iron from, 1083.- sulphochromite, 226.- volumetric estimation of, in pre-sence of ferric oxide and alumina,760.- volumctric estimation of, methodsuggested for, 64.5.- calcium carbonate containing ba-rium, from Laangban, 690.Manganidocrase, 381.Mttnganite, crystal system of, 364.Msnganosite, 697.M anganous chloride, action of chlorine-- and hydrochloric acid, actionManganepath (rhodochrosite), 531.Mangold wurzel, manuring experimentsManna (Lichen esculentus), analysis of,Maniiitol, hesylene from, 11 13.- nitro-, lient of formation of, 969.Manuye, analyses of, 640. - for fruit trees, 121.- from molastes waste, preparation- gjpsum as, 1076.- lake mud and marsh earth as,-- potash salts as, 1072.,--acid on, 22.- 76, 789.on, 26.of chlorine on, 23.with, 61.931.of, 937.1077INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1257Rfariure, stable, researches on the changes- use of amnioniuni citrslte in exami-- use of potassium salts as, 839,- wool waste as, 937.Manure heaps, testing the progress ofputrefaction in, 937.Manure materials, solubility of, 120.Manures, artificial, 304.-- experiments with, 641.- potassium salts as, 459.Manuring experiments, comparative,-- on arable land, 61. -- on “ Donaunioos,” 935. -- to determine the value ofphosphoric acid soluble in ‘( citrate ”solution, 1075. -- with phosphoric acid in dif-ferent combinations, 1167, 1072.Margarine, a substitution for butter andlard, 209.- analysis of, 210.Margarite, 234.Marsh earth as manure, 1077.Masonite, 634.Mass, volumetric determination of thechemical influence of. Part 111, Onthe mass-influence of water, 4‘37.Mat&, effect of, on the gases in the blood,1051.Material, strained, reduction of obser-vations on, 963.Matter, fourth state of, 971.Meadows, lucerne and darnel as a mix-Meals, presence of corn-cockle seeds in,Measure made of a 10 per cent. iridiumMeat, changes undergone by, in theMeat-peptones, preparation of, 449.Meconic acid, 418.-- double salts of, 418.Melanchlore, 550.Melanophlogite, 1000.Jfelanterite from Idria, 232.Illelaphgr, augitic, 27.- from the neighbourhood of Klein-schmalkalden, 27.Rfellic acid, electrolysis of, ’798.Mellitic acid, synthesis of, 40.Menaccanite, 994.Mercuric chloride, compounds of hydro-- oxide, action of sodium on,Xercurous chloride, Rolubility of, inoccurring in, when kept, 937.nation of phosphates in, 846.840.1079.ture for, 1065.31’7.platinum alloy, 680.process of pickling, 66.chloric acid with, 335.348.11: drochloric acid, 881.Mercury, action of oxygen on, a t the- action of oxygen on, in eudiometri-- American sulpho-selenides of,-- occurrence of, in California,- preparation of, a t the “Stefans-- and other metals, spontaneous oxi-- cyanide, decomposition of, ’794.- fulminate, explosive properties of,- fulminate, heat of formation of,- oxycyanides, 1116.- salt, crystalline, analysis of, 355.- selenates, new, 1099.Mesaconic acid, 416.-- derivatives of, 1032.- chloride, 1032.Mesadibromopyrotartaric acid, decom-position of, 416.Mesitonic acid, 796.Mesitylene, sulphamine- and hydroxy-Mesitylenedisulphonic acid and its salts,Mesitylene-sulphonamide, oxidation of,- - structure of the oxidation-Mesitylenic sulphinide and its salts,Mesolites, 1007,1008.Mesoxalic acid, decompoaition of, 415.Metacase’in, 1053.Metachloral, transformation of chloralMetacrole’in, 406, 888.Metahzmoglobin, 185.Metahomopilrahydroxybenzoic acid, 599.Metal, changes of volume accompanyingMetallic chlorides, action of hydrochloric-- hydrochlorides of, 877.-- reduction of, by hydrogen,- oxides of the iron group, 74.- solutions, action of sulphur onMetalloids, union of, by pressure, 499.Metallurgy, novelties in, 768.Metals, action of mineral waters on,nitric acid on, 876.oils on, 772. - cheniico-electric relations of, onordinary temperature, 1107.cal experiments, 783.361.689.foundry in the Zips,” 768.dation of, 791.779.’780.acids derived from, 429.733.820.products of, 822.820.into, 248.electrolytic deposition of a, 671.acid on, 223, 347, 785.877.some, 1097.238. ----solutions of potassium salts, 9621258 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Metals, enamelling, 208. - some, changes in volume of, on- union of, by pressure, 499.Metamerism in certain compounds, twoRletameth~lbenzaldehjde, 582.Metamorphoses of nephelin rocks,>fetanitraniline silrer nitrate, 1130.Metarabin (?), 443.Ilhtasantonin, 285.- nionobromo- and di-, 285, 286.Metatoluidine, preparation of, 721.Metaxylene, paranitro-, 49.~.Zetaxyleiiesulphonic acid, nitro-, and itsI\fetazotolucne, 432.Meteoric dust containing a large quan-tity of metallic iron, which fell atCatania on the night of March 29,1880, 561.- iron at Sainte-Catherine, anoma-lous magnetism of, 704.-- from Cohahnila, nodules ofchrornitc in, 705. -- from Ivanpah, California,394. -- new, from North Carolina,1017.-- of unknown locality, in theSmithsonian Museum, 1111. - niineral, a new, 29.- nickel-iron, synthetic imitation of,1018.Meteorite from Cleborne Co., Alabama,U.S., 394. - iron-, from Rittersgrun, examina-tioii of, 560.- which fell a t Estherville, EmmetCo., Iowa, in May, 1879, 393,561. - which fell on the 15th of Oet,ober,1872, in the neighhourhood of Soko-Banja in Servia, lithological and geo-logical examination of, 1017. - which fell on the 26th of Novem-ber, 1874, a t Kerilis, commune ofMael-Pestivien, Canton de Callac,1017. - fall of, at Gnadenfrei, in Silesia,Mny l7th, 1879, 237, 395. - natural, mode of formation of,101 8.Methacrylic acid, bromo-, action ofpotash on, 413. -- isobromo-, 416.Methane, carbonate, trichloro-, 251. - chlorine and bromine derivatiyesMct henylamidotol uenernercapts n, 5 97.Methosyetlioxj-hydroxjcaffeine, 614.fusion, 783.remarkable cases of, 88.1013.salts, 49.of, 238./3-Methoxyglutaric acid and its silrer-- formation of, from diallylme-Met hoxynitrotoluic acid, 269.Methyl acetylpulvate, 97.- acrylste, polymerides of, 250.- alcohol, detection of, in ethyl alco-1101, 197. -- use of, in preparing colour-ing matters, 211.- carbonate, 251. - ether, heat of solution of, 8. - ethyl carbonate, 88. - hesperitate, 740. - iodide, hydrate of, 32. - iodoacetate, action of methyl iodidep a- and P-naphthyl ether, and ni--_I paramethosysalicylate, 271.- sulphate, action of ammonia andMethylal, thermal caonstants of, 675.Methylamidobutyric acid, 87.R.Zethylamine, action of methyl nitrate,- in commercial trimethylamine hy-- occurrence and origin of, in urine,- methylsulphate, 241. - phthalate, aqtion of phosphoruspentachloride on, 285.Methylamines, production of, 1026.Illetliylam~l~niline, 584.Methylaniline methylsulphate, 241.Methylarbutin, 610.Methylated spirit, assay of wood spirit-- wood spirit, for making, 942.Methjlatrolactic acid, 1036.Methylaurin, 900.- action of ammonia on, 725.Methyl benzophosphinate, 604.Met h j l b i ~ t glbcnzcne, 809.hlethylcarbamide, occurrence and originMethylcinchonine, 289.- dimethiodide, 289.Methylconine, synthesis of, 825.Methylcrotoiiic acid, hjdriodo-, actionof zinc and sulphuric acid oil,1126. - and isobutylformic acids, calciumdouble salt of, 1126.Methyldeoxybenzo‘in, 1034.Methyldibromatrolactic acid, 1036.Methylene chloride, thermal constantsMethylenecafGeic acid and its derivatiws,salt, 404.thylcarbinol, 414.on, 576.tration of, 724.amines on, 240.bromide, and iodide on, 1027.drochloride, 83.631.for the preparation of, 1174.of, in urine, 631.of, 674.48IXDEX OF XBJECTS.1259Methglenedioxyphen ylacrylic acid andits derivatives, 48.Methylenedioxypbenylamidacetic acidand its salts, 729.ivlethplenedioxyphenjlamylic acid, re-actions of the ammonium salt of,Methylenedioxyphenylangelio acid, 727.Methylenediosyphenylglycollic acid,729.Slet~iylenedioxpphenylisobutrric acid,49.Methylenedioxyphenylmethacrylic acid,49.Methylenedioxyphenylpropionic acid,49.Methylenedioxyphenylvalcric acid, renc-tions of the ammonium salts of, 5'28.Nethylene-diphenyl oxide, 264.Methylene-a-homocaffeic acid and itsMethjlene-a-homohydro-caffeic acid,I\iethylenehydrocaffeic acid, 49.~letliyleiiephthalyl, 733./3-Methylethenyltricarbosylic acid, 579.3fethylethylamylammoriium hydroxide,Methyleth~lamylpl~enylammonium hy-Methylethylurea, 88.Methylhexylketone, 794.Xethyl-homo-cinchonidine and its deri-Methylisopropyl carbino!, 401.Nethjlketole and its derivatives, 734.Nethyl mono- and di- nitro-quinol,p-Methylmorphine and it0 hydrochlo-Methylnaphthalene, 436.Methyliiitroyuinone, 583.Methyloxanthranol, derivatives of, 608.Methylparabanic acid from dimethyluric-- synthesis of, 896.Methylparatoluidine niethylsulphate,Methylphenyl ketone, 279.Methglpiperidine, 621.Methylpropylacetic acid, calcium andbarium salts of, 408.@-Methylpropylethylenelactic acid andits salts, 402.Methylpulvic acid, 97.Methylpyridine-carboxjlic acid, 611.Metliylpyridinedicarboxylic acid, 110.Methylpyridgl iodide, action of silveroxide or potassium hydroxide on,921.Methylpyridclammonium iodide, actionof sodium-amalgam on, 921.72s.derivatiT-es, 48.49.actioii of heat on, 571.droxide, action of heat on, 571.vatives, 184.1139.ride, 1154.acid, 39.241.Methjlpyrroline, action of chloroformMethylquinone, 619.- methiodide, 619.Methylquinolinic acid, 611.MethylresorcinoldialdehIde, a- and p-,Nethylresorcinol, tribromo-, 270.Metliylstilbene, 1035.Methyltartronic acid, 254.Methylthioparabanic acid, synthesis of,Methpltribenzylammonium metliylsul-Mica, D new, 385.- from Striegau in Silesia, 549.- mineralogical examination of, 524. - more especially zinnwaldite, noteMicas, chemical composition of, 533.Micrococci, grains of, in the atmospltere,645.Microlite from Amelia Co., Virginia,1002.Microscopic animals, destruction of, inpotable water, 1179.Microzyma Crete, non-existence of,835.Milk, 953.- acidity of, 473.- action of rennet on, 953. - albuniinolds in, 449. - alcoholic fermentation of, 944. - analyses of, 1176. - analysis, 657, 1184.-- apparatus f o r skimming, 129. - araomctric method for the estima-tion of fat in, 656. - blue, 1055. - blueing of, 953. - comparison of the influence of fieldbeans and lupines on the production- composition of, from the same cow- condensed, analysis of, 658. - creaming of, by surface cooling,- creaming of, in earthen pans, 771.- estimation of fat in, 656, 851,- estimation of salicylic acid in,- examination of, 946. - human, composition of, 630. - lactic acid in, 944. - of Tyrolese cows, 1163. - quantity and quality of, yielded by- skim, results of fattening calvesMilk-pcptone, preparation of, 450.on, 827.271.896.pltste, 241,on, 692.of, 927.on consecutive days, 762.857.1184.1185.different races of cows, 630.with, 2971260 IKDEX OF SUBJECTS.Milk-sugar, a hitherto unobserved pro--- anhydrous, 151.Milk-testing with the lactobutyrometer,Mimetesite or mimetite, 1109.Mineral containing selenium, analysis of,533. - ferruginous, from Amhurst Co.,Va., analysis of, 554. - green chloritic, 530.- of the augite group, meta-- resembling thorite, analysis of,_I analyses, 698. - analysis, a solution of density 3-88- enclosures in the basalt of the- localities in North Carolina, 1109.- locality, new and reniarkable, inPairfield, Connecticut, 529.__. oils, heavy, analysis of, 202. - species, two new, from the minerallocality of Fairfield Co., Connecticut,229. - spring, Grossliider, at Salzdilirf,chemical examination of, 29.-- Kanizer or Lainzen, analysisof, 30. - wiLter of Niederbronn in Unter-Elsms, analysis of, 80. - waters, action of, on metals,238.-- of Rouen and Forges-les-Eaux, amount of iron in, 397. -- saline, law of the formationMineralogical notes, No. V, occurrence- observations, 543.Mineralogy, contributions to, 548, - microscopical, miscellaneous con-- of Russia, materials for, 523.Minerals, action of organic acids on, 62,- Austrian, 544.- bisruuth, from Nordmark in Werm-- Canadian, 545.- from Chili, 551. - from Hulinerkobel between Zwieseland Bodenmais, 550. - from the andesite of the AranyBerg, near Devn in Transylvania,548.- from the iron mine of Morawiczain the Bannat, 996. - from the niining district of Rodna,in Tranyslvania, 548.perty of, 151.657.morphnsis of, 996.1009.suitable for, 1168.Persanyer Gebirge, 793.of, 1018.of manganese in Nordmark, 697.tributions to, 990.642.land, 688.Minerals from the Silberberg a t Boden-- from tlie veins of copper ore near- from Ziiptau and Schonberg in- miscellaneous, notes on, 542.- New South Wales, 991.- Norwegian, crystallographic exami-nation of, 398...- occurriiig in the mines of thecounties of Dublin and Wicklow,383.- of some of the apatite-bearingreins of Ottawa Co., Quebec, 542. - of the clay group, 540.- of the Barrabus mine, Sardinia,359. - two new, from the Eleonora minein the Dunaberg, near Giessen, 525. - various Canadian, amounts of goldand silver in, 546.Mispickel, FeSAs, from Pribram, 231.Mixite, 532.Mogdad coffee, 483.Molasses, recovery of cane-sugar from,- separation of sugar from, 128.-waste, preparation of a manurefrom, 937.Molecular grouping in organic bodies,influence of, on their absorption in theinfra-red region of the spectrum,487. - heat and volume of the rare earthsand their sulphates, 494.- refractive power, alteration of,862.-rotatory power of carbon com-pounds, 215.- volume of certain acetates, 969. - weight, alteration of, 862. -- of organic compounds, rela-Molybdenum, new method for theMonazite, 991, 1109.Monethyloxamide, action of phosphorusMonobenzoylditolylliydrazine, 41.Monomethylamine, action of methyl-bromide and methyl iodide on, 33.Monolnetliylunthracece, 1129.~~~.lonornethyIparab~~iic acid, 747.Monomethylresorcenedialdehyde, a- andMonomethylresorcinol, 270.Mononaphthqlamines from naphthols,Mono-p-naphthylcarbamide, 606.Monophenyloxamide, action of phos-mais in Bavaria, 549.Copiapo, in Chili, 551.&loritvia, 550.by fermentation, 480.tion of the specific heat to, 963.volumetric estimation of, 1083.pentachloride on, '718.p-, 271.605.phorus pentachloride on, '718INDEX OFMonoxyanthraquinone, preparation of,Mo noxy diphenylme t hanecarboxylicMonoxydiphenylphthaleiin, 96.Monoxylphenylanthranol, 97.Montmorillonite, 541.Monzonite of Predrazzo, petrographicalconstitution of, 27.Morphine and its congeners, some re-actions of, 1044.- constitution and salts of, 921.- estimation of, in opium, 945. - ethereal derivatives of, 1045. - methyl ether of, 1153. - transformation of, into code’ineand homologous bases, 829.Moss-gold, formation of, 68’7.Moss-silver, formation of, 687.Mottramite (?), 1108.Mountain group of the Rummelsberg,near Strehlen, 698.Mucobroinic acid, 36.-- action of bromine on, 36.Multiple rotations, T.Thornsen’s law of,795.Muscle, action of ammonia and its salts,and of hydrocyanic acid on, 1058. - formation of g1)cogen in, 629. - serum albumin in, 630.Muscles, amount of glycogen in, afterMust, analyses of, 1092, 1182._I treatment of, in the press house,Mustard, black and white, analyses of,- oil, testing of, 125.Mycoprotein, 449.Mydriatic alkaloi’ds, 446.Mjosin, vegetable, 1062.608.acid, 96.death, 638.331.205.N.Naphthalene, action of amyl chloroxalate- p-derivatires of, 736. - derivatives, 822. - dichloro-, 915. - a- and P-dinitro-, oxidation of, bynitric acid, 435. - /3-iodo-, 736.- pure, preparation of, 1151. - and ethyl chloride, action of alu-niinium chloride on a mixture of,lO41.Naphthalenes, amido benzamido-, 1132.- nitrobenzamido-, 1132.Nnphthanthraquinone and its halogenR’nplithaquinone, 1041.on, 731.deriratives, 280.UB JECTS .1.261a-Naphthaquinoneanilide, conversion of,/3-naphthaquinoneanilide into, 1041.,8-Nsplitl1ayuinoneanilide, conversion of,into a-naphtliaquinoneanilide, 1041.a-Naphthoic acid, mononitro-, 822.@-Naphthol, action of commercial tri-- a- and 8-, action of ethyl chloro-- action of oxalic and sulphuric- P-amido-, 736.- derivatives of, 177. - p-, nitro-, 736.- reactions of, 177.P-Napht,holdisulphonic acids, 178.p-Naphtholetherdisulphonic acid and itspotassium salt, 914.Naphtlidetherphosphoric acid, chioro-,and potassium salt of, 914, 915.@-Naphtholsulphonic acid, action ofphosphorus pentachloride on, 914.-- nitroso-, 436.B-Naphtholtetrazobenzene, and sulpho-nic acids of, 178.Naphthonitril, 822.- nitro-, 822.o-Naphthoquinoline, 920.13-Naphthoquinonanilide, and its salts,Naphthoquinonechlorimide, 164.a-and P-Naphthyl ether, and p-, 264.p-Naphtliylacetonaphthalide, 606.Naplithylacet~lamine, 605./3-Naphthyla&idoethyl ether, 178.a-Nnphthjlamine platinocyanide, 708.P-Naphthylainine, bromo-, 606.- derivatives of, 605.- nitrate, 736.Naphthylamines, trinitro-, 724.P-Naphihglanilidoethyl ether, 178.p- Naphtliylbromethyl ether, 177.p-Naplitliylcarb,zniide, mono-, 606.Naphthyle~ephenyline oxides, a- and p-,and derivatives of the a-compound,282.methylnmine on, 177.carbonate on, 48.acids on, 280.- Chlol*O-, 91.5.915.Naphthylphenylamine, a- and 6-, 176.- p-di-para-bromo-, 177.- a-dinitro-, 176. - a-tribromo-, 176.P-Naphthylthiocarbimide, 606. - mono- and di-, 606.P-Naphthylthiouretliane, 606.a-Naphthyluretliaiie, 606.Nart ine, 445.Xatrolite, crystallographic exaniination- microscopical examination of theNasal secretion, abnormal presence ofof, 398.matrix of, 1014.uric acid in, 11611262 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Nephelin rocks, metamorphoses of, 1013.Nephrite from New Zeaiand, 377.Neriodorein, 916.Neriodorin, 917.Neriura odorum, 916.Nerve, action of ammonia and its salts,and of hjdrocyanic acid on, 1058.Nessler’s test for ammonia, use of, forthe detection of carbonic acid inwater, and of caustic alkalis in pre-sence of carbonates, 940.Newberyite, 231.Nickel, qualitative separation of cobalt- separation of, from cobalt, 1082.- sepsration of, from iron, 1171.- oxides, 77.Nickel-speiss (placodin), 228.Nicotine, 288. - action of selenium on, 825.Nicotinic acid, 444.Kiobite, 550.Nitranilines, preparation of, 1130.Nitrates, estimation of, in potable and- some, occurrence and estimationNitric acid, dissociation of, by vegetation-- estimation of, and sepamtion-- inflammation by, 475. - oxide, a disinfectant, 664.Nitrification, 221.Nitrils, action of nascent hydrogen on,262.Nitrobenzene, action of chlorochromicacid on, 583.Nitrobenzenes, substituted, action ofsulphuric acid on, 91.Nitrogen, apparatus for the collectionof, in elementary analysis, 192.- apparatus for the estimation of, inorganic compounds, 192.- apparatus for the volumetric esti-mation of, 62. - conduct of finely divided irontowards, 1104. - elimination of, from the animalbody, 451. - estimation of, in the differentstates in which it exists in vegetableproducts, 933. - heat of formation of the oxides of,6.-liquid, density of, in presence ofinert liquids, 874. - oxides, loss of, in the manufactureof sulphuric acid and a means of pre-venting it, 476.- peroxide, actionof, on carbon com-pounds, 584.f~oni, 194.river waters, 1173.of, in vegetable substances, 122.in the dark: 836.from nitrous acid, 1080.Nitrogen sulphide, action of chlorine on,-- new derivative of, 222.- refractive equivalent of, in organiccompounds, 958. - relative intensity of the spectrallines of; its bearing on the constitu-tion of nebulae, 69. - and oxygen, new compound of,221. - and sulphur, some compounds of,976.Nitroglycerol, cstimation of, in dyna-mite, 472.Nitrophenolsulphonic acid, introductionof bromine and iodine into, 93.Nitrophenols, new, 47.Nitroprussides, organic, 883. - of the alkalo’ids, 401.Nitrotoluidine silver nitrate, 1130.Nitrous acid, estimation of, and separa-Nomenclature of some azo-compounds,Norwegian minerals, crystallographic- North Sea Expedition, results of,346.tion from nitric acid, 1080.163.examination of, 398.81.0.Oats, composition of, 116.- crushed, as fodder, 837. - cultivation of, 455.- nianuring experiments on, 1077.- manuring, with saltpetre, 938.Octomethgltetramidote traphenyletlianeCEnoglucol, 272.Ohm in absolute measure, determinationOils, action of, on metals, 772. - action of sulpliuric acid recently- estimation of fatty acids in, 202.- heavy mineral, resin, and fatty,- new method of analysing, 1084.- of the fruit and seeds of IZlicium- of commerce, analysis of resin in,Oil of wine, 794.Oil-seeds, different, crystalline albu-mino’ids from, 833.Olefines, nitro-, 1114.Oleomargarine, 209.Oligoclase, 549. - from Durrmosbach, 386.Olive oil, adulteration of, 945.and its salts, 160.of, 963.heated to 320” on, 971.analysis of, 202.religiosum, 918.202INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1263Olivenite, 551.Olivine, 698.- analysis of, 698. - crystallised slag isomorphous with,Olivine-gabbro from Cornwall, 388.Olonez earth, 358.Onofrite, 361.Ontariolite, 382.Ophitic structure, artificial productionOpium, estimation of morphine in,Optical constants, 214. - rotator? power of organic com---- of organic compounds,--- of carbohydrates, multi---- of santonin-derivatives,Optically active substances, inversion ofOrcinol, action of ethyl cldorocarbonate- dinitro-, 584. - ethers of, action of nitric acid on,1139.Orcinolcarboxylic acid (pseudorcellicacid), preparation of, 96.Ore, complex, contaiiiing zinc, metal-lurgic treatment of, 668.Ores containing sulphur, arsenic, andqntimony, to obtain silver and goldfrom, 769. - especially bismuth-ores, from thedistrict of Tazna in Bolivia, 548.Organic acids, new method of bromi-neting, 711.- bases containing oxygen, new syn-thesis of, 722. - bodies, influence of the moleculargroupings in, on their absorption inthe infra-red region of the spectrum,487.1016.of, 697.945.pounds, 1020.multiples in, 257.ples in, 147.180.the rotation of, 257.on, 48.-- phosphorescence of, 488. - compounds, chemical constitutionof, in relation to their refractive powerand density, 489.PI_ chlorinated, properties ofrapours of, 470. -- multiples in the rotatorypowers of, 403. -- optical rotatory power of,1020. -- reactions of aluminium &lo-ride and bromide with, 398. -- simple, decomposition of, byzinc-dust, 141. - matter, relations between, invarious waters, 1087.Organic substances, electrolysis, in aque-Organised bodies, phosphorescence of,Orroprotek, 449.Orthoantirnonious acid, 15’7.Orthobenzoylbenzoic acid, 731.-- compounds of, with phenols,Orthoclase, 540. - from Frath, 550.Orthocresyl-ethyl ether, and nitration- ethylene ether, ’723.Orthoethylphenol and its derivatives,Orthohydrazincinnamic acid, 598.Orthomethoxyparabenzaldehyde, 281.Orthomethoxyparahydroxy benzalde-Orthomethoxjparahydroxybenzoic acid,Orthoparahydroxydiphenyl, 605.Orthophenolsulphonic acid, conversion-- nitrating, 92.Orthotoluidine, dinitro-, 724.Orthotribenzoylbenzene, 733.Orthoxylene, separalion of, from itsisomerides, and preparatlon of thexylidene, 433.ous solutions, 215.488.96.of, 723.268.hyde, 271.271.of, into the para-compound, 92.Osinose, electric, 963.- use of parchment-paper in, 952.- and liquid diffusion, electric cur-Ottrelite, 234.Oxalates, double and triple, containing-- use of, in analysis, 843.Oxalethylin, action of, on the animal- chlor-, action of, on the animalOxalic acid, decomposition of a solutionOxallyItriethylammonium salts, 1122.OxalmetE_yline, chlor-, and its salts,Oxalpropylene, and its salts, 572.Oxauiicles, substituted, 717.Oxanthranol, 97. - nitroso-, 607.Oxatolylic acid, 173.Oxen, fattening of, 116.Oxides, estimation of, in manufactured- specific volumes of, 219. - union of, by pressure, 500.Oaindol, paraniido-, 731. - chloride, paracliazoiii troso-, 73 1.Ox - tongues, tinned, aiiirl~sis of,rents caused by, 963.chromium, 1031.system, 246.system, 246.of, by sunlight, 485.572.iron, 648.2121264 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Oxanthraquinone, dinitro-, and its salts,Oxyanthraquinone, dinitro-, reductionOxyclycopia-red, 443.Oxyclyeopiu, 443.Oxydiphenyl, isonitro-, 911.Oxyechitnmine (?), 448.Oxrethyleneorthamidoplienyl ether,Oxyethylidenesuccinic acid, 254.Oxygen absorption of alkaline pyrogal-late, 307.-action of, on mercury in eudio-metrical experiments, 782.- compressibility of', 782. - dissolved in water, use of .sodiumhyposulphite in the estimation of,310.608.of, 608.1138.- explosion in preparing, 1097. - liquid, density of, in presence ofI_ refractive equivalent of, in organic- and nitrogen, new compouud of,_- and organic matter, relations be-Oxylethylene, chlor-, 717.Oxyquiiione, 282.Oxytrtrolic acid and its homologues,Oysters, sewage in, 953.Ozobenzene, b98.Ozone, absorption-bands of, 221.I_ absorptioii spectrum of, 213.- action of, on germs contained in- atmospheric, 315. - liquefaction of, and its colour inthe gaseous state, 18. - liquefaction of, in presence of cw-bonic anhydride; its colour in theliquid state, 786. - preparation of, by heating sub-stances containing oxygen, 221. - proofs of the existence of, in theatmosphere, 20. - specific magnetism of, 340.Ozonoscopic papers, action of carbonicinert liquids, 874.compounds, 958.221.tween, in various waters, 1087.255.the air, 632.anhydride on, 9i5.P.Pngodits, green, from Georgia, 382.Palembang benzo'in, 101.Palladium, action of, on coal - gas,Palm-nut meal, analysis of, 301.Pancreas, hjdroljtic action of, 114.706.Pancrerutic diastase, estimation of,- extracts, coaparative diastasic-- estimation of the amylolyticPapain, 58.- a new contribution to the historyPara-anhydrodisulphaminebenzoic acid,Parabenzarsinic acid, 168.Parabeiizenesulphonic acid, bromortb-amido-, and its salts, 174.Pambromobenzene, nitrosomethylortho-nitro-, 730.Paracolumbite, 382.Paraconine, 825.Paraeresol, dinitro-, 724.- ethyl ether, dinitro-, and reductionof, 725. --- and nitration of,723.Paradiethoxysalicylic ald+hyde, and itsnitro-compound, 167.Paraditolylarsenious chloride, 904.Paraditolylarslnic acid, 904.Paraditolylhydrazine, 41.Paraditolylnitrosamine, 41.Psragluconic acid, 894.Paraffines, 706.Para En -derivatives, m onhaloyd, fromsecondary and tertiary alcohols, actionof triethylamine on, 1024.Paraffin oil, residue from the manufac-ture of, from schists, 208.Parafins extracted from the lowest boil-ing portions of petroleum, action ofalcoholic bromides, and of hesbrom-ethane in presence of aluminium bro-mide on, 399.Parahomometahydroxybenzoic acid, 599.Parahydroxydiphenyl, paranitro-, 911.Parahydroxyphenetol, 166.Paruhydroxyphenol, 166.Para-ilnienite, 382.Parametli oxysalicylaldeh yde, 271.Paramethoxgsalicylic acid, 271.Paramethyldibenzyl, 1034.Paraorsellir, acid and its salts, 266.Parasantonide, specific rotatory powerParatoluenesulphonacetic acid, 716.Paratvluidine mucate, dry distillation- platinocyanide, 708.- silver sulphate and nitrate, 1129,Paratolujlorthobenzoic acid, and itsParatulylanilide, oxidation of, 95.Paratolylnrsenious oxide, 904.1051.values of different, 1052.and proteolytic activity of, 1051.of soluble ferments, 750.81 6.of, 919.of, 721.1130.salts, 731, 732I?;DEX OF SUBJECTS. 12135Paratolyl-benzylcarbinol, 1035.Paratoljlxylidine, 94. - mononitro-, 94.Paraxylenes, a- and p-dinitro-, crystalli-Paraxylenol, oxidation of the methylParazotoluene, 432.Parchment-paper, use of, in osmose,Particles, small, aggregation of, 970.Parvoline, 56.Paytine, 10s.- and aspidospermine, supposedPease, decomposition of, in the intestinePeat, composition of two samples of,Peat-tar, a new hydrocarbon from,Pelletierine, homologue of, 1046.Pentacetaesculin, dibrom-, 108,Pent,amethylbenzene, 40.Pentamethylethol, 401.Pentolic acid and its salts, 255.Penwithite, a new Cornish mineral,Peptones, estimation of, 947. - estimation of, in plants, 312. - preparation of, 449. - and alkaloids, 832.Perchloric acid, specific heat and heat ofPeridote, titaniferous, from Zermatt,Periodic atomicity, history of, 138.Pernitric acid, 282.Perowskite, 398. - of Val Malenco, 1002.Peroxides, volumetric estimation of,Persea Lingzce and its tannin, chemicalPeru balsam, testing of, 947.Peruvian bark, alkaloids of, 183.Petalite, 694.Yetrocene, a product of the destructivePetroleum, American, hydrocarbons- apparatus for testing the inflamma-- Caucasian, 159, '705, 1020.- examination of, 650.- and other combustible liquids, ex-Petroleum-coke, products from, 239.Petroleum-gas, products from the manu-Petroleum spirit and allied liquids,sation of, 808.ethyl of, 268.952.identity of, 622.of man, 187.641.179.389.dilution of, 1092.693.843.examination of, 600.distillation of petroleum, 1128.from, 159.bility of, 469.plosion of, 1181.facture of, 329.notes on, 651.Petroleums, commercial, 330.Phxrmacolite, 532.Pharyngeal secretion, abnormal pre-Phenacite, crptallography of, 397.Phenanthracene, synthesis of, from or-thobromobenzpl bromide, 822.Pheneto'il, parznitro-, 595.- bromonitro-, 555.- chloronitro-, 595.Phenoglucol, 272.Phenol and nitrophenol, ethylene ethers- action of chlorochromic acid on,- action of nitrogen peroxide on,- action of phenolsulphonic cliloride- amido-, a fourth, 47. - detection of, in urine: 115. - in the animal economy, 114. - new mononitro-, 46, 47.- paranitro-, sulphating, 92.- pure, preparation of, 723.-- testing for, 655. - trichloro-, from trichloramido-phenol, 164. - and tliymol, comparative experi-ments on the behaviour of, with dif-ferent reagents, 942. - ethers, action of nitric acid onsome, 723. - - in the animal body, 631.Phenolite from Fernando de Noronha,391.Phenolphthale'in as an indicator in alka-limetry, 848.Phenolsulphonic acid, paranitro-, actionof bromine and iodine on, 92.- acids which do not contain themethyl-group, action of nitrosodi-methylaniline hydrochlorjde on, 161.Phenols, action of aromatic hydroxy-acids on, 592.- action of ethyl chlorocarbonate on,48.I_ compounds of benzotrichloridewith, 165.- compounds of mono- and di-basicacids with. Parts I1 and 111, 811.-compounds of monobagic and di-basic avids with, 591.- direct introduction of carboxyl-groups into. Parts IV, 1140. - etherification of, 264. - orthodiamido-, and their nitro-- ort,honitramido-, and their nitro-- phenosjacetoyhenonecarboxylicsence of uric acid in, 1 i G L .of, 1136.583.584.on, 602.substitution products, 92.substitution products, 92.acid, 7331266 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Phenoxycinnamic acid, and some of itsPhenoxymethylenephthalyl, '733.Phenyl, ethereal salts of, and some of- benzoates, ortho- and para- nitro-,Phenylic phenylsulphonate, 602.- - action of a mixture of nitricand sulphuric acids on, 603.-- action of phenylsulphonicchloride on, 603. -- paranitro-, 603.Phenylacetaldehyde, 582.Phenylacetic acid, action of bromine on,- - dinitro-, 729. -- paramido-orthonitro-, 730.-- preparation of, 1034. - -- preparation of, from benzal-Phenylacetylene, action of sulphuricPhenylamido-acetic acid, 168.Phenylamidobutyric acid, 87.Phenylangeiic acid, methylenedioxy-,Phenylarsene iodide, '723.Plienylchlorolactic acid, orthonitro-,Phenylcyanamide, action of acetamidePhenyldimercaptan hydrochloride, meta-Phenylditolylguanide, 906.Phen yleth yleth y lidenedichlorochromicPhenylglyoxylamide, met anitro-, 814.Phenylglyoxylic acid, 814.- - action of nascent hydrocyanicPhcnylguanidine, 45.Pbenylguanylguanidine and its salts,Phenylho~nocinclionidines, 184.Phenylisoindole, 262.Phenyllactic acid and its salts, 427,-- synthesis of, from ethyl-- amido-, 1044.Phenyloxjacrylic acid, orthonitro-,Phenylphenylene-glycocine, and itsPheiiylpropiolic acid, orthonitro-, 275.l'hen~lpropylenediclilorochromic acid,salts, 276.their derivatives, 602.603.a t high temperatures, 47.dehyde, 277.acid on, 279.727.275.0 1 1 , 810.chloramido-, 902.acid, 582.acid on, 277.44.428.rnalonate, 168.275.ethyl salt, 176.582.582.Plieiiylpro~~ylenedichromous chloride,~~~Phenylpyrroline, '721.l'henjlpjruvic acids, amido-, 1044.Phenylsuccinic acid, 599, 1037.Phcnylsulphonacetic acid, '716.Phenylthiocarbamidoglycollide, 45.Phenylthiocarbimide, action of glacialacetic acid on, 591.- action of hydrochloric acid gas on,in presence of absoluh alcohol,811. - glycollide, 43, 1039.Phenylthiohydantoic acid, a new, 1039.Phenylthionrethane, 44.Phcnplurethane sulphide, 45.Phillipsite and its relations to harmo-- from Salesi, in Bohemia, 995.Phlorizin, action of heat on, 439.PhlorogluciiiolparazobenzenesulphonicPhloroglucol, 1149. - isomerides of, 2'72.Phloroglacolph thalei'n, 95.Phloroglucolphthalin, 95.Phonolite, 1013.- changes produced by weathering of,Phoronic acid, and its derivatives,Phosphate, insoluble, estimation of,- soluble, estimation of, in super-Phosphates, action of ammonium ci-- action of citric acid on, 759. - a new series of, 1101. - behaviour of, in water chargedwith carbonic acid, 117. - (calcium), estimation of, '769. - in manure, use of ammoniumcitrate in examination of, 846. - of Waldgirmes, 525. - precipitated and soluble, determi-nation of the relative values of,309.tome and desmin, 695.acid, 42.700.797.645,phosphates, 465.trate on, 845, 847.- preparation of, 950. - reduced or precipitated, estimationof, 940. - soluble and insoluble, comparativevalue of, 640. --- relative value of, asmanure, 1073. - soluble reduced, and precipitated,comparative experiments on themanurial values of, on sandy soils,758.- various, experiments with, asmanure, 120, 116'7. - wortlilessness of, as manure forcertain soils, 61.Phosphenyl dichloride, action of, onsome chloriclee, 97.Phosphide of sodium, action of haloi1267 INDEX OF SUBJECTS..compounds of hydrocarbon radicalson, 722.Phosphomolybdates, estimation of phos-phoric oxide in, 1169.Phosphonium iodide, preparation of,223.Phosphoplatinic compounds, 802. - ether, 803.Phosphoplatinous ether, 803.Phosphorescence, 670. - of organic and organised bodies,Phosphorescent bodies, action of light- spectra, discontinuous, in highPhosphoric acid, estimation of, 194. -- estimation of, as magnesium-- estimation of small quantities-- extraction of, 320.-- form of combination in whichit exists in the soil, 457, 934.-- soluhle in ‘‘ citrate ” solution,manuring experiments to determinethe value of, 1075. -- in difierent combinations,manuring experillleiits with, 1072.-- influenre of sodium nitrateon absorption of, 45’1. -- retrograde, estimation of,62. --- estimation of, by meansof ammonium citrate. 464.Phosphorite, decomposition of, by peat,457. - from the South of Prance, 766.Phosphoritic liinestones of the Island ofPhosphnrus, action of, on hydriodic and- bromides and iodides of, thermo-- chemical toxicology of, 309. - estimation of, in iron and iron ores,465. - efitimation of, in slag from blastfurnaces, 939. - estimation of, in steel, 194, 646.- presence of, in the rocks of Brit-tany, 700. - quantitative estimation of, in ironand steel, 1944. - betai‘nes, 717. - pentiodide, existence and proper-ties of, 507.- trichloride, action of iodine on,138.-- combination of titanium tc-trachloricle nit,h, 317. - tricliloriodide, 138.488.on, 863.vacua, 773.pyrophosphate, 1168.of, 644.Bonaire, TNest Indies, 391.hydroYromic acids, 222.cheniistry of, 218.Ffli. XI;.Phosphotungstates, estimation of phos-Phosphotuiigstic acid and its d t s ,P h oto-electric regulator for painterl-Photographic images, inrersion of, 1:sPhotographs, changes of, by prolonged- coloureJ, 1178.Photometry, application of, to the studyof diffusion phenomena in liquida,956.Phthalic acid, conversion of, into salicj licacid, 585.-- dinitro-, 436. - anhydride, compounds of, withhydrocarbons of t,he benzene 8erj a d ,731.phoric oxide in, 1169.140.glass furnaces, 125.the prolonged action of light, 1.action of light, 1179.-- condensaticn-products, 733Phthalimide, a base form, 263.- and its salts, 1039.Phthalylacetic acid, constitution of, 733.Phthalplhydroxglamine, action of- and its salts, 585.Phjlloxera, researches on, 1069.- and means of destroying it,842.Physics, Lothar Mejer and the late-tdjscoyery in, 133.Ph,ytoZaccn dioi’ca, 1151.Phjtolaccic wid, 286.Picene, a new liydrocarbon froin peat- dibromo-, 1’19.Picene-quinone, 1‘79.Picite, 525, 528.Picoline-monocarboxylic acid, synthetic,Picrites of Kassau, 387.Picrotin, 286, 410, 740.Picrotoxin, 286, 740.- chemical nature of, 440.Picrotoxinin, 440, 740.Pig-iron, estimation of silicon antititanium in, 647.- dephosphorising, 326.Pigeons’ dung, 121.Pigment for floors, wood, stone, andbrickwork, 483.Pigs, fattening of, with soja bean, milfleshmeal, 927.- preparation of food for, 302.Pilocarpme.447.Piperethjlalcamine, 1157.Piperic acid, reaction of the ammoniitnisalt of, 728.Piperidine, constitution of, 621.Piperno, 699.Piperonal, action of aniline on, 729.potash on, 586.tar, 179, 284.612.41268 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Piperonal and its derimtives, 727.Piperpropylalcamine, 1158.Piperplene, 621. - constitiition of, 622.Placodin (nickel-speiss), 228.Plagiocitrtite, 369.l’lagioclaee. optival orjentat,ion of, 39’7.Plant, ash of various parts of, 837.- influence prudiiced on the growthof, by p-eviously steeping the seed, 300.Plant-roots, evolution of carbonic anhy-dride by, 931.Plant-stems, pressure in, 60.Plantain seeds, analysis of, 1066.Plants, agricultural, amount of water- ammonia in, 116. - constancy in the composition of,- decomposition of albumin in, 634. - eptiniation of nitrogen compoundsin, 312. - influence of an increased quantityof carbonic anhjdride on the growthof, 1060. - influence of light on the liberationof carbonic anh-j dride by, 1060. - oil-producing, vegetation of, 60. - quantitative estimation and septtra-- various agricultural, cultivation of,Plastin, 753.Platinochlorides, new, 922.Platinobganides, double, 707.Platinous h j pophnsphite, 226.Platinum, action of flame on, 882.- action of, on coal-gas, 706. - at( mic weight of, 514. - detectiox! of small quantities of, 649. - geological occurrence of, in Russia,- incandescent, intensity of the- metals, chemistry of, 514. - ores, separation of the metds of, - preparation of, 792. - salts, analysis of, 715.Platinum-iridium alloy. 793.Poisoning by carbonic oxide, 1086.Poisons, metallic, destruction of organicmatter when searching for, 463.Polar electricity, development of, inhemimorphous crystals by alterationof pressure in the direction of thesymmetrical axes, 958. - - of liemihedral crgstals withinclined faces, 338.Polarised cells, resistance of, 958.Pollucite from Elba, composition of,appropriated by, 1060.753.tion of protein matter in, 660.1069.769.luminous radiation from, 669.226.1005.Polycrase, cyystallographic examinationof, 398.Polgthionic acids contained in Wacken-roder’s solution, 1098.Pond slime, analysis of.61.Porcelain, Arita, examination of the rawmattbrials used for, 667.- composition of clay for, 324.Porphyrine, 624.Porphyrosine, 624.Potable waters, destruction of microsco-pic animals in, 1175. -- action of poi assium perman-ganate on, a t different temperatures,1172. -- detection of lead in, 11’73.-- estimation of nitrates in, 1173.-- estimation of organic ctlrbonPotash, influence of sodium nitrate on- mines, Stassfurt, formation of- salts a s a manure, 10’72.Potassio-ferric silicate analogous to leu-cite, 389.Potassium, estimation of, as platinochlo-ride, 941, 1169.- borocitrates, 89. - borodnodecitungstate, 24. - carbonate, manufacture of, 1087.__. cyanate, isotncric, 144.- cyanide and ethyl dichloracetate,- dichloracetate, dry distillation of,- ferric oxalate, 714.- terricpanide, preparation of, b!- ferrous oxslate, 714. - homopyrroline, action of chloro-- hydrogen saccharate, preparatioii- iodide, action of carbonic anhj--- extraction of, from kelp,- lactonate, 580. - magnesium platinocyanide, NO. -- sulphate, a new, 854. - n~etliylresorcinolsulphate, 270. - nitrite, action of, on ammonium- pemhlorate, heat of formation of,- permanganate, action of chlorine- -_ use of, in quantitative analy-- - use of, in volumetric analyajs,in, 196.absorption of, 457.hydrogen in, 227.798.408.means of lead peroxide, 239,323.form on, 827.of, 580.dride on, 95’5.319.chloride, ’788.1093.tetroxide on, 353.sis, 843.759INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1269Potassium, picrate, decomposition of,-- heat of formation of, 969.- propargylate, 239. - Pyrroline, action of chloroform on,- resorcinoldisulphonate, action of- salts as manure for grass, 842. - - as manures, 459, 839, 840.- selenates, new, 1100. - sulphate, preparation of, from thesalts of the Stassfurt deposits, 855. - te trachromate, 352. - uranate, 686.- and sodium chlorides, solubility ofa mixture of, 223.Potato plant, influence exerted on thegrowth of, by allowing the ‘‘ sets ” todecay before planting, 456.1033.826.potassium nitrite on, 1149.Potato-sugar, hurtful action of, 770.Potatoes, best method for manuring,- Chunnos, from Peru, 932.- cultivation of, 301,455.- diseased, utilisation of, 1066. - effect of the moisture in soils on- experiments with, 932.- growth of sprouts on, 60. - influence of heat on the growth of,633. - injurious effect of kainite andsuperphosphate on the germination of,300. - monured with peat, nitrophosphate,and sodium nitrate, 642. - manuring, 305, 1078. - prevention of rot in, 1066. - specific gravity of, 932.Prehnite, 550. - occurrence of, in Tuscany, 26.Preservative fluid, Wickerheim’s, 126.Preserved meats, American, analyses of,Press residue from beet, composition of,“ Press ” and “ diffusion ’’ residues asPressure, chemical reactions induced by,- critical, of substances, 133.- union of bodies by, 498.Propaldehpde, action of furfuraldehyde- dibromo-, 1029.I_ parachloro-, 406, 888.Propargylic acid, potassium ealt of,- cornpo~nds, action of hypochlorouvPropenpltricarbosylic acid, 156, 579.61.yield of, 1066.771.301.food, comparison of, 757.504.on, in presence of soda, 573.239.acid on, 1120.Propionic acid, chlorotribromo-, 1126. -- a- and /3-dichlorodibromo-,-- double salts of, 797. -- tetrabromo-, 889, 1030. -- tetrasubstitution derivatives-- tribromo-, 800, 889.Propionyl cyanide, 154.- formamide, 154.Propionyl-formic acid and its salts, 154.Propionylqiiinine, 620.Propyl alcohol, di-iodo-, 242.- alcohol, noriiial, conversion of glj -- bromide, normal, conversion of, into- g!ycol, active, 1021.- nitrate, normal and iso-, prepara-- pzrasantonate, 181.- santonate, normal, 181.Propylscetal, 31.Propylamine, prepxation of, 572. - pht,lialate, action of phosphorubpenischloride on, 285.Propglazaurolic acid, 896.Propclbenzene, action of cldorochromicPropylene, chlor-, 793.- oxide from active propyl glycol,1021.Propjlenic glycol (normal), heat of com-budtion of, 9.Propplite, occurrence of, in Transylra-nia, 698.Protagon, Liebreich’s, existence of, i i ithe brain, 1047.Protalbin, 449.Protei’ds, digestion of, 296.- influence of borax on the deconi-Protei’n compoonds, products of the dc-- matter, quantitative estimationProteolj tic actirity of pancreatic ex-Protoplasm, composition of, 753.Protoquii lamicine, 925.Pseudo-levulin, 149.Pseudometeorit e, so-called, analysis of,Pseudomorph after garnet, 544.- after spodumene, 1006.- hollow, artificial production of, 515.Pseudorcellic acid (orcinolcarboxylicPseudotriplite, 550.Pseudotropine and its salts, 56, 57.Ptomaines or cadareric alknlo’ids, Sel-mi’s, chemical nature of, 1046.1029, 1030.of, 1029.cerol into. 1123.isoproppl bromide by heat, 567.tion of, 572.acid on, 582.position of, 453.composition of, 1047.and sepmtion of, in plants, 660.tracts, estirno tion of, 105 1, 1053.1171.acid), preparation of, 96.4 q 1270 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Ptomai'nes considered in relation to judi-cial chemistry aiid toxicology, 57.- test to distinguish, from vegetabledkalo'ids, 749.Pulp from the hgdraulic press, nutritivevalue of, 933.Pulvamic acid, 97.Pulvic acid and its salts, 97.-- - oxidation and reduction of,- anhydride, 97.Pumice from Launsbach, 393.Pumice-glass from Santorin, chemicalPumpkin seeds, crystallisable albuminPupil-dilating alkalo'ids, 446.Purpurin in alum solutions, displace-ment of the absorption-bands of,488.Putrefaction, testing the progress of, inmanure heaps, 937.Pyridine, 110,611. - isochloro-, and its salts, 826.- series, bases of, 56, 443, 921.Pyridine and quinoline series, isomerismPyridinecarboxylic acids, 744.Ppridinedicarboxylic acid, 110, 611,612.Pyridine-y-dicarboxylic acid and itsPyridinetricarboxylic acid, 110.-- synthetical, 181.Pyrites, estimation of sulphur in, 193,- from the Borkstein, crystallo-- magnetic, composition of, 516.Pyrochroite, 697.Pyrocoll and its salts, 295.Pyrogallocarboxylic acid and its salts,267.Pyrogallol, action of ethyl chlorocarbo-nate on, 48.-- for drg-plate development, pre-paration of, 662.Pyroguaiacol, action of potassium hy-droxide on, 813. - and its derivatives, 812.- tribromo-, 813.Pyrolusite, artificial formation of, 353.Pjromucamide, 801.Pyromucethplamide, 715.Pyromucic acid, derivatires of, 714,Pyromucyl chloride, 715.Pyrope, 544.l'yrophyllite, 541.-- from Schuykill Co., Pennsylvania,Pyyoracemic acid, action of beiizonitril1036.composition of, 560.from, 625.in, 744.salts, 612.'764.graphic notice of, 232.801.378.and benzyl cyanide on, 1033.Ppoacemic acid, dibronio-, action of__.- compounds, 1032.Pyroracemic anhydride, isodibmmo-,Pyroretin, 359.Pyrotartaric acid, formation of, 155.-- monobromo-, and its salts,Pyroxene, 995. - (diopside), artificial, 694.- from Nordmark in Sweden, 380.- highly aluminous, from AmhurstPyroxene group, confititution of, 371.Pyrroline, formation of, 614.Pyruvic alcohol and its derivatives,benzene on, 814.1032.579.Co., analysis of, 554.1121.Q.Quantivalence, so-called differences in,Quartz, crystallised, artificial produc-- from the Eleanor Mine, on the- Moravian, 550.Quartz-crystals from Alexandra Co.,Quebrncl I icatechin, 1153.Quebrachine and its salts, 294.Quebracliit annic acid, 1152.Quebrarho-bark, test for, 473.Querciglucol, 272.Quercitannic acid, 277.Quick-lime, action of dry carbonic anhy-dride on, 348.Quinacetophenone, 812.Quinamicine, 924, 925.Quinamidine and its salts, 984, 925.Quinamine, action of acetlic anhydride,ethyl iodide, and acids on, 923.- and its derivatives, rotatory powersof, 926.- preparation and salts of, 922.Quinic acid, schizomycetic fermentationQuinine, estimation of, 1176. - dimethiodide, 619.- ethomethiodide, 619.- meth-ethiodide, 619. - methiodide, 619. - methyl- and etliyl-derivatives of,- methylchloride, 619. -- officinal test of, 63.- methylbromide, 619.- platinochloride, 922.- sulphate, commercial, opttical csti-of a multivalent atom, 679.tion of, 346.Diinstberge, near Q-iessen, 25.1110.of, 602.619.mation of cinchonidine in, 315INDEX OF SUBJECTS.127LQuinine sulphate, water of c q stallisatinn-- t8esting of, for foreign alka-- wine, estimation of alkalo'ids in,Quiniphenol, 613.Quino'idine borate, a new febrifuge,-- crystalline, 56.Quinol, action of ethyl chlorocarbonatc-- a derivative of, 595. - ethers of, action of nitric acid on,- monethyl ether, 166. - reaction of, with hydrogen potas-sium carbonate, 1140. - some aldehydes and alcohols de-rived froiu, 166.Quinoline, 287, 8%9. - action of benzyl chloride on, 182. -- naecent hydrogen on, 183.-- sodium on, 613. -- benzyl chloride, 182.-- bromine-derivatives of, 741. - crude, fractional distillation of,- derivatives, 742. - physiological and physiologico--- reactions, 655.-- reduction of, 444. - spthesiu of, 182, 287, 919. - series, studies on, 1043. -- synthesis of, 919. - and pyridine series, isomerism in,Quinolinic acid, 919, 1043.Quinols, bromo-, 1135.Quinone, action of acetic anhydride on,- derivatires, 1135. - nitro-, 583.Quinonechlorimide and similar sub-stances, 163.Quinonedichlorodiimide, 164.Quinones, action of aminea on, 915.- bromo-, 1135. - chloro-, action of ammonia andamines on, 812.tr-Quinophenol, 743.of, 63.lords, 63.204.1154.on, 48.1139.612.chemical effects of, 298.744.1136.(11)) 595.---R.Rain-water, descent of, down tree-Raisins, wine from, 198.Itszurnowskyr, 541.stems, 61.Reaction without the intervention of asolvent, 873.Refraction, double, influence of changeof temperature and pressure on, 334.Rennet, action of, uilder various circuni-stances, 1183.Resacete'in, 811.ltesacetophenone and its amido-coui-pound, 811.Resaurin, 812.Resin, new, from Koflach, in Styria, 359._I of Leptandra, 103. - oil, light, 101.- oils, analysis of, 202.Resins, new fossil, from East Prussiu.a- and P-Resodicarboxylic acid and it.Resorcinol. actiun of ethyl chlorocarbo-- action of glacial acetic acid on,- action of nitrous acid on the- action of, on urea, 95.L.- colouring-matters, 7%.- derivatives, 270. - di- and tri-nitro-, 1132.- diazo-, and the ethyl ether of,- dinitrarnido-, 1133.- dinitrodiazo-, action of potash on,- methyl and ethyl ethers of, nitro-- monoethjl ether of, colouring- mono- and di-ethyl-, 48.- mono- and di-nitrodiazo-, 1134. - nitro-amido-, 1133. - sulphate, nitrarnido-, 1133.Resorcinolsulphonates, 1147. - action of iodi:ie on, 1149.Resorcinoldisulphonates, action ofResorcinoldisulphonic acid and its salts,Resorcinolmonosulphonic acid, 1148.-- iodo-, alkaline salts of, 1149.P-Resorcylic acid, 270.Reussinite, 359.Rhabdite, 690.Rhodium, 514.- action of, on coal-gas, 706.Rhodoclirosite (manganspath), 531.Eice med, ftbeding cows with, 297.Rice soils from Burmah, analysis of,River water, estimation of nitrates in,Rochelle salt, inffuence of, on the a&-687.salts, 265, 266.nate on, 48.591.methyl and ethyl ethers of, 726.726.1134.derivatives of, 737.matters from, 726.caustic alkalis on, 1148.1147.838.1173.rity of yeast, 1051212 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Rock enclosures in the basalt of tliePersanyer Gebirge, 703.- of Monte Tajumbina, in Peru,1015.Rocks, eruptive, a group of dissimilar,in Cnmpton, New Hampshire, 701.- ferruginous, of 0 t ifak and Assnk,in Greenland, 28.- miscellaneous, notes on, 542. - occurring between Puerto deTablas on the Orinoco, and the golddistricts of Caratal, 390.- of Kerguelen’s Land and theneighbouring islads, 3131.Roots, plant, evolution of carbonic anhy-dride by, 931.Romniline, 162.- detection of, in wine, 314.Rosanilines, existence of three isomeric,Rose-quartz, 550.Roveocobaltumine pyrophosphtes, actionQf heat on, in preseuce of water,1106.Rosterite, a new variety of beryl, fromElba, 1009.Rotatory power of carbon compounds,709.-- of carbon compounds, mul-tiples in, 403.Roumanim salt, mechanical and chemi-cal analysis of, 935.Rut us chamaemorus, colouring mutterRufigallic acid, decomposition of,Russia, black earth of, 10TO.R utherfordite, 382.Rutile in gastaldite-eclogite from ValTournanche, 370.Rutylene, 795.263.of, w.282.S.Saccharin, 149.- Peligot’s, 667. - presence of, in osmosed sugar,Saccharinic acid and its salts, 149.- anhydride, 149.Saccharoses, 567.Sainfoin, cultivation of, 456.Saki, 1059.‘Salicin, action of heat on, 439.Salicylaldehyde, paramethoxy-, 271.Salicylamide, acticn of hydrochloricSalicylic acid, applications of, 860.-- conrersion of phthalic acid148.acid on, 42.into, 585.Salicylic acid, detection of, in urine. 472. -- destructive actionof wood 011,212. -- estimation of, in beverap,944.-- estimation of, in food-stuffsby a. calorimetric reaction, 1175. -- synthesis of, 1035.-- - use of, in the dairy, 1185.Salicylphenol, 592.Saline solutions, electrical conductivit?Saliva, abnomial presence of uric acitiSalt-bush of New South Wales, 1067.Saltpetre, manuring wheat, barley, andSalts, absorption of, by the soil, 1165.- certain, influence of, on digestion,752. - containing the same hnloid elc-menta, action of the haloxd acids on,868.of, 71.in, 1161.oats with, 938.- decomposition of, by liquids, 17.- influence of temperature on thedistribution of, in solution, 5.- inorganic, importance of, in feedinganimals, 1050. - isomorphons, optical properties ofmixtures Qf, 2.- of thc alkali and alkaline eartlimetals, solubility of mixtures of,978.- organic, of alkalis and alkalineearths, elementary anal! sis of, 124. - part played by time in the forma-tion of, 344. -- thermochemistry of double deconi-position in aqueous solutions of,869.- union of, by pressure, 501.- volume relations in the formatioiland decomposition of, 219.Samarium, 979. - absorption-spectrum of, 349.SamarrsLite, 1110.- earths of, 73.Santhucus canadensis, bark of, 1163.Sand vetch, a new fodder plant, 1065.Sandy soils, c3mparative experiments onthe mannyial wlues of soluble, reducetl,and precipitated phosphates on, 758.Santonic acid, action of phosphoruepentachloride on, 286.Santonin, derivatives of, 53.- two isomerides of, called metasan-Santonin-derivatives, optical rotarySuntorin and its eruptions, 555.- gaseous emanations of, 558.Sapphirin, 234.tonin, 285.powers of, 180INDEX OF SU’BJEXTS. 1273Saussurite-gabbro, anxlj s i p of‘, 698.Scapolite family, peculiar mineral of, 381.- from Monte Monzoni, 549.Schaalenblende, 9‘30.Scheelite, 995.Scheibler’s method of estimating sugarin beet, 851.Schieferspath, 383.Schrijtterite, 540.Scolecites.mono- and a-symmetrical,1007, 1008.Sea-water, extraction of magncsiuinsalls from, 1180.Sea-weeds, incineration of, in the manu-facture of iodine, 318.Secondary piles, efficiency of, 868.Seed, infiue:icc produced on the growthof the plant, by previously steepingthe, 300.Seeds, action of vapours on, 83’7.~ inducnce of llght on the germina-- of Cassia occidentalis, from Mar-- of Coccdus indicus, constituents of,- torpid condition of, 837.- selenates, volume constitution of,Selenium-compounds, new, 1099.Selenium resistance rods for photophonicpurposes, 333.Semigluteri, 294.Sequoia gigadea, new hydrocarbontiom, 98.Yequoiene, 99.Yericite of Hallgarten, in the Rheingau,Herpentine, 544. - from the Jupiter-Tagbau, 997. - from Verrdyes, in the Valley ofSerpentines, Tuscan, composition of,Serurli albumin in muscle, 630.Sewage, experiments with, 936.- irrigation with, 842. - in oysters, 953.__I precipitation, chemistry of, 662.Yeybertite, 233.Sheep, fattening of, 834. - merino, relation of wool to bodyShellac-varnish, aqueous, 483.Shoddy, analysis of, 661.Siderite or ferrous carbonate, 935.Sikimine, 918.Silica, grains of, in the atmosphere,Silicates, decomposition of, 645.8ilico-aluminatw, alkaline, synthetic.tion of, 1061.tinique, 483.740.137.543.Aosta, 693.1012.weight in, 1054.645.production of, 350.Silico-molybdntcs, 880.Silicon, estimation of, in iron and Pteel,- oxychlorides, preparation of, 508. - sulphide, 494.Silk and wool, separation of, in textilefabrics, 11’77.Sillimanite in the gneiss of the Morvan,10U5.Silver bromide, action of light on,862. -- photochemistry of, ’762.-- dry plates for different por-tions of the solar spectrum, sensi-tiveness of, 773.-- dry plates, new developemfm, 317.I_ chloride, solubility of, in hydro-chloric acid, 880.-- 7 bromide and iodide, effects ofheat on, 965. - chlorobromiodide, contraction of,496. - chlorobromiodides, some, effects ofheat on, 965. - cyanide, decomposition of, 794. - dichloraaetate, action of heat andwater on, 574. -- dry, action of heat on, 575. - emetic, 419. - iodide, crystalline form of, 398. -- molecular action of, on carbonchlorides, ’707.- monochloracetate, action of heatand water on, 574.- preparation of, a t the “Stefans-foundry in the Zips,” 768.- quantitative estimation of, in gal-vanic silver-baths, 468.- salts, inorganic, action of chlorineon, 334. - separation of, from lead, 760. - solubility of, in presence ofiodides, 1101. - sulphate, 354.- trichloracetate, action of heat andSilver-lead iodide, coeffkients of expan---- expansion-coefficients of,Sismondin, 234.Size, estimation of, in textile fabrics,Skatole, preparation of, from indigo,Skatde- forming sub stance, 175.Ykstolecarboxylic acid, 175.Skim-milk from De Laval’s centrifugalSlag, crgstallised, isomorphow with191, 647.of heat and water on, 575.sion of, 495.966.1178.278.separator, composition of, 771.olivine, 10161274 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.Slag from blast furnaces, estimation ofSlags, decomposition of, 645.Smoke under the microscope, 505.Soap, preparation of, 858.~ transparcut, detection of alcoholin, 314.Soda, nature of the insoluble form of,existing in the residue left on cauticis-ing sodium carbonate solutions withlime, 508.phosphorus in, 939.- industry, novelties in, 321, 764.Soda-liquors, oxidation of, 765.Soda-lye, rendering it caustic, 764.Sodio-alurninic t.iliciLtes formed by theaction of sodium carbonate on kaolin,ti84.Sodioferric nxalate, use of, for certainphotographic purposes, 671.Sodium arsenate, 141.I_ bicarbonate, impurities in, 138.- borocitrates, 89. - borodecitungstate, 24. - borotungstates, 224. - carbomte, influence of the con-timed use of, on the composition ofthe blood, 1161.- - ferric oxalate, 714.- ferrojanide, preparation of, 143.-- hydrogen sulphite, action of heat- hppobromite, action of, on urea and- hyposolphite, 682, 976.-- composition of, 508. -- titration of, with indigo-carmine, 310. -- (Nti2S02), use of, in the esti-mation of copper, of indigo, and ofdissolved oxygen in water, 310. -- influence of, on absorptionof phospt oric acid and potash, 457.- nitrate, decomposition of, by cal-cium carbonate, 326. - oxide, combination of, with car-bonk anhydride, 348. - salts, drcoiuposition of, by cuprichydrate, 978. - spectrum of, 862, 957. - Eulphate, decomposition of, bylime and by barium carbonate andcaustic lime, 326.-- manui’acture of, by the directprocess, 664.native, from Sicily, analysisof, 524.- tungstates, action of arsenic andphosphoric acids on, 1107.- tungstoborate, 879.- uranate, 686. - and calcium, crjstallised doubhsulphate of, 509.on, 224.sugar, 316.Sodium and potassium chlorides, solu-bility of R mixture of: 223.Soil, absorption of salts by, 1165.__ form of combination in whictllphosphoric acid exists in the, 457,934.- Grandeau’s theory of the fertilityof, 1166.__ liunius extracted from, by alkalis,839. - influence of superficial drying onthe temperature and moisture of’,934. - influence of trenching on the t e ~ i i -perature and moisture of, 60.- method of ascertaining the absorp-tive power of, 637, 935.-. neM ly-broken, removal of ironfrom, 638.__ organic matters in : examination ofGrandeau’s theory, 117.- permeation of water through,1071.- Roumanian, mechanical aridchemical analyses of, 935.- temperature of, under snow,934.Soils, cause of beet-sickness in, 63%.- effect of the moisture in, on yield- from Burmah, analysis of,- percolation of water through,- permeability of, to air, 302.-- sandy, and manuring with artificial- various, examination of, 456.- warmth in, 1071.Soja bean, cultiratioii of, 116, 938. -- fattening of pigs on, 927.-- a sugar present in, 1121.Solar spectrum, niensurement of thei?irensity of some obscure rays of,333. -- observations of a group ofrays in, 333.-- photographic method of map-pirig the least refrangible end of ;with a map of the solar spectrum from7600 to 10750, 937.-- rays in, produced by atmo-spheric absorption, 1. -- sensitiveness of silver bromidcdry plates for different portions of’,773.957.of potatoes, 1066.838.303.manures, 304.-- telluric rays of, 1091. - spots, iron lines widened in.Solids, absorption of gases by, 971. - fiolubilitj of, in gases, 970.5 ulpli ocacetic acids, 716INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1275Solution of density 3’28 suitable formineral analysis, 1168.Solutions, aqueous, effects of electriccurrents on the surfaces OP mutualcontact of, 963. -- thermo-electric behaviour of,with platinum electrodes, 963.Sorbin, 148.Sorbite, 148.Sorbite-formttmide, 148.Sorgho, development of sugar in, 634.- distribution of sugar in, 60.South American geology, contributionSpanish minerals, 1110.Specific dispersion of isomeric bodies,Specific gravity determination, differen--- of formates, 496. -- of potatoes, 932.Specific heat of chlorine, bromine, andiodine gases, 784.-- of gases and vapours, 340. -- of organic compounds andits relation to the molecular weight,963.Specific magnetism of ozone, 340.Specific refraction of isomeric bodies,213.Specific rotatory power of cane- and in-vert-sugar, 653.Specific volumes of oxides, 219.Spectra, discontinuous phosphorescent,in high vacua, 773, 957. - photographic, of stars, 4.85. - of compound gases, 221. - of the compounds of carbon withhydrogen and nitrogen, 957.Spectral lines of different elements,identity of, 957.Spectrum, influence of the moleculargrouping in organic bodies on theirabsorption in the infra-red region of,487, 957.to, 390.213.tial method of, 938.- luminous, of water, 1.-- observation, new method of, 956.- reeearches on the action of oxganicsubstances on the ultra-violet rsys on.Part 111, examination of essentialoils, 957. - of carbon, note on, and history of,957. - of carbonic anhydride, 861.__ of iron in the sun, 669. - of magnesium, 955, 957.--.- of sodium, 863. - of the flame of hydrogen, 957.Spiegeleisen, crystalline form of, ‘789.Spigeline, a new volatile alkaloid, 1153.Spirit, diluted, formule for calculatingthe quantity of water added to, 1182.Spirit, use of maize in the preparation of,Spleen-fungus, artificial generation of,Spodumene, 694.- and its alterations ; from thegranite veins of Hampshire County,Massachusetts, 1005.Spring, hot, a t Bagnoles de I’Orne, andthe deposits formed in the conduits,81. -- a t Nabmoo, near Maulmahi,British Burmah, 1019. - barley as green fodder, 755.Springs, hot, i n New Britain and theFiji Islands, water of, 1019. -- of the littoral chain of Vene-zuela, 563.Stable-dung as manure for beet, 842.- manure, money value of, 1076. -- researches on the changesStantienite, 687.Starch, conversion of, into sugar, by theaction of dilute sulphuric acid at hightemperatures, 149. - estimation of, in pressed yeast,943. - grape-sugar from, ’7’70.- use of maize in the preparation of,330.Starch-grains, formation and growth of,1061.Starch-paste, effects of diastase on,1024.S tarch-sugar mechanically mixed withcommercial cane-sugar, detection of,654.Stars, photographic spectra of, 485, 956.Staurolite, hemihedral forms of, 382.Steel, condition of carbon in, and theeKect of “ hardening ” upon it, 478.- estimation of chromium in, 646.- estimation of phosphorus in, 646.- estimation of silicon and titanium330.59.occurring on, when kept, 937.modification of, 888. -in, 647.for the manufacture of dies, 856. -- manganese in, 950.- quantitative estimation of phos-- Sieniens-Martin, notes on, 667.- varying condition of carbon in,and its influence on Eqgertz’s colora-tion process, 466.Stilbene and some of its derivatives, newformation of, 1150.- dicyano-, 47.Stilbite (heulandite) from Kerguelen’sStilpnomelane~ 990.phorus and silicon in, 194.reduction of, 48. --Island, 695.s y 1276 Ih’DEX OF SUBJECTS.Strengite, 528,Strobometric observations on the inrer-sion of cane-sugar by concentratedhydrochloric acid a t the ordinarytemperature, 243.Strontiochromic oxalate, 1031.Strontium chromate, crystallised, pre-paration of, 352. - nitrate, hydrated, amount of waterof crystallisation of, 509. - oxide, action of carbonic anhy-dride on, 878. - oxychloride, 979.Strychnine, 747. - chlorinated derivatives of, 292. - compound of, with iodoform, 748. - dinitro-, 748. -- nitrate, ’748. - isolation of, 1176. - aulphate, 831.“ Stuppfett ” examination of, 823.Styphnamic acid, 1133.Styrene, p-bromo-, action of water on,- a-chloro-, action of water on, 418.Suberic acid, preparation of, 894.- and azelaic acids, separation andproperties of mixtures of, 891.Subsoils, various, examination of, 456.Succinamide, diamido-, 578.Succinic acid, action of bromine on,248. - - cyanamido-compounds of,258. - - diamido-, and its alkali salts,578. -- influence of, on the fermenta-tion of cane-sugars, 836. -- isodibromo-, anhydride andethers of, 253. - acids, mono- and dibromo-, pre-paration of, 577. - anhydride, isodibromo-, 253.Succinocyamide, and its salts, 259.Succinocyanic acid, and its salts, 258.Succinocyanimide, 259.Succinone, 1031.S uccinylfluoresce’in, 592. - tetrabrom-, 592.Succotash, tinned, analysis of, 212.Sucrose, preparation of, from glucose,Sugar, beet-.See beet-sugar.Sugar, conversion of starch into, by theaction of dilute sulphuric acid at hightemperatures, 1449. - development of, in sorgho, 634._I distribution of, in sorgho, 60. - Fehling’s solution as a qualitative- found in the liver after r { p r418.402.reagent for, 851.mortis, nature of, 628.Sugar from the tannin of the oak-bark,1021. - in beet, Scheibler’s method of esti-mating, 851. - in the animsl system, new line ofresearch bearing OP the physiology of;1058. - inversion of, during manufacture,127. - inverted, some properties of, 148. - osmosed, presence of saccharin in,- potato-, composition and unwhole-- present in the grain of Soja his-- raw, inversion of, by carbonic acid,- separation of, from molasses, 128.- use of maize in the preparation of,Sugar-manufacture, 951. - - action of animal charcoal in,127.Sugars, raw, spontaneous changes in,332. - various, relation of, to Fehling’ssolution, 887.Suint of Russian ~001, extraction ofpotash from, 475.Sulphacetic acid, 716.Sulphaminebenzoic sulphinide, 816.Sulphaminernesitylenic acid, salts of,821.Sulphaminemesitylenic acids, ortho- andpara-, and their salts, 429, 480.Sulphaminemetatoluic acid, oxidationof, in alkaline and in acid solution,1038.148.some effects of, 332.pida, 1121.148.330.Sulphamine-sulphobenzoic acid, 817.Sulphamiiietrimesic acid, acid potassiumSulphamine-uvitic acid, 821. - - and its salts, 430, 431.Siilphates occurring on the Bauersberg,- volume constitution of, 137.Sulphides, estimation of sulphur in,- tbermochemical reseayches on, 492.- union of, by pressure, 501.Sulphimidolerephthalic acid, amide of,819.Sulphobenzenes, amido-, formation of,from nitrobenzene and aniline, 93.Sulphobenzoic acids, nmido-, 1145,11443. -- nitro-, and some of their de-SulphohSdPoxyealicylc acid, and itsSulphoisophthalic acid, and its salts,salt of, 432.near Bischofsheim, 369.645.rivatives, 1144.salts, 1141.1038INDEX OF SUBJECTS, 1277Sulphonaphtholetherphospliuric: acid,barium salt of, 915.Sulphonic acids from nitramido- anddiamidobenzenes in ortho- and meta-deries, 93.Sulplioterephthalic acid and its salts,278, 619.Snlphouvitic acid, and its salts, 431.Sulphur, action of, on certain metallicsolutions, 1097.- action of, on water, 21. - bromide, heat of formation of,673.- chloride, heat of formation of,673. -- bromide, and iodide, heat offormation of, 673.-- chloronitride, 346.--- estimation of, 940. -- - in pyrites, 193, 761,. -- in bulphides, coal, and coke,- from the Petzen, crystallographic- heats of formation of the oxides of,- iodide, heat of formation of, 673. - natire, contemporaneous produc-tion of, in the subsoil of Paris, 227. - ores, estimation of sulphur in, 845. - oxides, heat of formation of, 673. - phosphide, liquid, 72.-- and nitrogen, some compounds of,-- with copper and iron, crystals of BSulphuretted hydrogen, 876. -- apparatus, 787.Sulphuric acid, free, formation of, in thegautropoda, especially Boliziira galea,698.-- fuming, amount of sulphuricanhydride in, 1097.-- loss of oxides and nitrogeniu the manufacture of, and a meansof preventing it, 475.- anhydride, snioont of, in fumingsulphuric acid, 1097. -- heat of vaporisation of, 876.8ulphurous anhydride, heat of forrnatiorlSulphy drates, characteristic colour rcsc-Sumach, estimation of tannin in, 1085.Sun, constitution of, 953.-- spectrum of iron in, 669.Sun’s rays, absorption of, by the car-bonic anhydride of the atmosphere,489. -- measurement of the actinismof, 955.s iiprbin, 1C &.645.notices of, 232.6.9’76.compound of, from Eoras, 353.of, 673.tionj with, 646.s uperphosphates, injurious effect of, on- estimation of soluble phosphateSvanbcrgite, 991.Sweat, abnormal preseuce of uric acid ill,Swedes, 756.Yzaboite, %36, 237.- new locality of, 378.the germination of potatoes, 300.in, 465.1161.T.Tannin as alkalimetric indicator, 9.43.- e h n a t i o n of, 473.-- in sumach, 1085.in tea, 1176.- new process for extracting, by clia-- of lingue bark, 601. - of oak-bark, 901. - of the oak-bark, sugar from, 1021.Tanning, 481.___ new obserrations in, 1186.Tar leucoline, 1043.Tarnine, 446.- hydrobromide, 446.Tartaric acid, action of dehjdratingI__- fermentation of, 256.reaction, 655.Tartar emetic, constitution of, 156.‘Cartronic acid, 714. -- produced by the osidatioii ofglj-cerul with potassium permanganatc,256.--lysis, 858.agents on, 417.--‘l‘aznite, 998.Tea, Bohemian, analysis of, 131.- estimation of taiiiliii in, 1176.- from Thea, analysis of, 443.Telluric rays of the solar spectruui,- silver from Baths in Transylvania,Tellurium, fluo-salts of, 223.Teii~perature, changes of, during digea-- critical, changes of state near, 677.- influence of, on the germination ofTcrebenthene, action of chlorochroniiu- coilversion of, into cgmene, 39. - hydrochlorides, 437.Tercbent henes, 437.’l’crecumic aldehyde, 582.Tertiary aromatic bases, compounds of-- bases, condensation of, by nitric.lc191.364.tion, 926.bunt spores, 455.acid on, 683.benzotrichloride with, 165.usicic, 1611278 INDEX OF WBJECTS.Tertiary bases and aromatic acida, con-densation-products of, 58'7.Tetrabenzylphosphonium, chloride of,and its salts, '722.- salts of, action of halond com-pounds of hydrocarbon radicals on,722.Tetradymite from Horliausen near Neu-wied, 551.Tetrahedrite, new form of, 227.Tetrahydrocinchonic acid, 830.Tetraliydrocornicularic acid, 1037.Tetrahydroellagic acid, 815.Tetrahydromethylquinoline, 742.Tetrabydroquiiioline, 830.- and its derivatives, 444.Tetramethylammonium nitrate, bromide- nitroprnsside, 883.Tetramethylbenzene, 40.Tetramethyldianiiclodiphenylethane andT~tramethyldiamidotriphen~lmethane- a green dye from, 483.Tetramethyldiphenyldiamine, 161.Tetramethylsulphamide, 717.Tetramethyltetrazone, 152.Tetranhydronaphtholsulphonic acid andits potasRium salt, 914.Tetraphenyletliane, $34.Tetraphenylethylene, preparation of,Tetratolylethylene, preparation of, 913.Tetraxylylmethylene, preparation of,Tetrazodiphenyldisulphonic acid, 428.Tetrolic acid, 793.-- and its derivatives, 413. -- and its homologues, 255.Tetroxyantliraquinoie, 266.Tetrylenedicarboxylic acid and its salts,-- symmetrical, 801.Textile fabrics, estimation of size and-- separation of wool and silk-- a causeof alteration of, 1185.Thalictrine, 52.Thalictzcm macrocarpum, substance ex-Thallium silico-molybdate, 880.Thapsia garganica, 181.Thaumasite, 1000. - a new mineral from Bareskutan,Thenardite, 1109.- from Lake Balschawh, in CentralTheobromine, 747.Thermal electrolysis, 868.and iodide, 1027.its salts, 160.and its salts, 558,589.913.913.1127.dye in, 1178.in, 11'77.tracted from, 52.235.Asia, 549.Tlierrnochemicsl rclatioii of l~omologousThermochemistry, 8.Thermo-electric electromotive forces, de-veloped by the contact of a metal anda liquid, measure of, 336.Thermometers, came of variation of thrfixed points of, 342.- mercury, rise of the zero point in,4,5.Thiacetone, formation of, '711.Thiocarbamides, substituted, action ofcarbonyl chloride, and of alcoholicbromides, &c., on, 905.Thiocarbanilide, action of carhonyl chlo-ride on, 905. - actionof ethylene bromide on, 906.- action of methyl and ethyl iodideon, 906.Thiocarbimicles, action of hrdrochloricacid gas on, in presence of absolutcalcchol, 811.Tliiocarbonates of potassium and othermetals, 855.Thiocholestrophane, synthesis of, 896.Thiocyanacetic acicl and carbaminthio-glycolljc acid, a rornpound of, 715.Thiocyanic ethers, action of 11) drochlo-ric acid gas on, in presence of absolutealcohol, 811.and isomeric substances, 11.Thiocyanuracetic acid, 715.Thiodithiazyl, dichloride of, 976.Thiohydanto'in, csrb~imidacetosulphonic.acid, a new derivative of, 257.Thiosinamine, 207.Thiotrithiazyle, 222.Thiourethanes, constitution of, 44.Thiovaleraldehyde, 34.Thorite, analysis of a mineral resembling,Thronibolite, 368.Thulite (zoisite) , crystallographic exami-nation of, 398.Thuliuni, spectrum of, 349.Thymol, synthesis of, 593.- and phenol, comparutive experi-ments on the behaviour of, with dif-ferent reagents, 942.- monobromamido-, liydrochloridc,591.-- monochloramido-, 590.-- monochlorodiazo- 590.Thymoquinol, 591.Thy uioquinone, action of me thylamin t>- dibromo-, 591. - dimethamido-, and its derivatives,- dimethylido-, and its derivatives,- methylamido-, and its derivatiyrs,1009.on, 595.596.596.596INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1279'I'l:pioquinone, methglioclo-, nncl its de-- mono- and dichloro-, 590.Thymoquinonchloriniide, 590.L c Tin, cry of," phenomenon commonly- niolecdar properties of, 685.Tinder-ore of Clausthal, 24.Tinned foods, analysis of, 211.Tinstone or cassiterite, 549, 995.Tissue change, researches on, in fivechi!dren aged from two to elevenyears, 189.Titaniferous peridote from Zermatt,693.Titanium, estimation of, in pig-ironand stcel, 647.__ reversal of the lines of the vapourof, 957.__ tetrachloride, combination of, withethyl ether, 240.-- combination of, with phos-phorus triuhloride, 347.-- and benzoic chloride, com-bination of, 273.Titanoniorphite, a new calcium titanate,371.Titanotungstates, 880.Titration, accurate perception of colour-Tobacco, analyses of, 68.- combustibility of, 68.Toluene, action of amyl chlorosalate on,731. -- chlorochromic acid on,581. -- ethylene bromidc on, inpresence of :duminium chloride, 260. -- nitrogen peroxide on,584. - azo-derivatires of, 438. - dinitro-, 72G. - electrolysis of, 721. - illuminating power of, 329. - nitro-, action of chlorochromic- orthonitro-, action of amjl chlor- - parabromo-, action of chlorochromica-l'oluenedisul phonamide, 816.a-Toluenedisulphonic acid and its deri-- chloride, 816.Tolueneptlra~ulpliydrate, orthamido-,action of acetic anhydride on, 5'37.Toluenesulphydrates, aniido-, 596.Toluenetrisulphonamide, 429.Toluenetrisulphonic acid and its salts,Toluic acid, methoxgnitro- ,269.-- parachloralpha-, 803.rivatives, 596.called, 783.cliange in, 121.acid on, 583.oxnlate on, 731.acid on, b81.vatives, 816.429.Tolnidine ferroepnicles, meta- andToluquinol, action of hydrogen potas-Toluquinolines, 920.a-Toluylainicle, 43.Tolylquinines, 620.Tolylthiocarbimide glycollide, 43.l'olylthiourethane, 45.Tomatoes, tinned, analysis of, 212.Topaz, fluid enclosures in, 25.- Russian: 694.Torbanite or kerosene mineral, inor-Tourmaline, electyical phenomena of, 339.- from Chili, 551. - from the Horlberg, 550. - laws of the development of eler-tricity by the action of pressure on,338.Tragacanth, comparative examination ofvarious kinds of, 212.Trenching, influence of, on the tempe-rature a i d moisture of soil, 60.Triacetin, 408.Triacetonediamine, 420.Triacetj laurin, 900.Triamylamine and its salts, 34.Tribenzarsenious acid, 905.Tribenzarsinic acid, 905.Tribenzglphosphine, oxide of, 722. - oxide and its salts, 263.Tricalciuni phosphate, solubility of, inanimoniacal and neutral alkali-salts,845.ortho-, 261.sium carbonate on, 1141.ganic constituents of, 988.Tricarball~.lic acid, 800.Tricarbinols, 82.Trichroniic tetrasulphide, 225.Tridj mite, artificial production of,384.- conversion of the distillation-pessels of zinc-furnaces into zinc-spinell and, 520.- from New Zealond, S51.Trieth y I alcam ine, 11 58.Triethylaniine, action of, on the moil-haloPd paraffin-derivst ives from secoii-dary arid tertiary alcohols, 1024. - platinocganide, 707.Triethylbenzene, oxidation of, 259.Triethylmethybmmonium metliylsul -'I'riethjloxamide, 718.Triethyl-phosphine, action of chloraceticacid and ethyl cllloracetate on, '717.Triethglphosphobetai'ne, 717.- ethylchloride of, 717.Triferric terroxide, allotropic modifica -Triniethylamine, commercial, action of;phate, 241.tion of, 75.on p-naphthol, 177.constituents of, 1025.-1280 ISDES OF XIBJECTS.'l'rimeth ylamine from coinmercial tri-- hydrochloride, commercial, methyl--- separation of trimethyl--- preparation of, 1027.-- separation of, from the commercial'L'rimethylconglammonium hydrate, 746.- iodide, 746.'l'rimethJ:l-/3-naphthylammonium h j -'l'rimethylphenylammoniunl bromide,__. methylsulphate, 241.'I'rimethylpiperyl iodide, 621.Trioxyniiileic acid, Tanatar's, 114.Trioxymethy lene, 1123.'l'riphenylene, 435.Triphenylmethane, diamido-, 589. - dimethylamido-, 586. - preparation of, 912.I_ I etranietliyldiaillido-, and its salts,Triphj lin, 550.Tripoiite, earthy, 545.Tripplieite, 551.Tritolylarsine, 905.Trommer's test, decompositions which-- sensitiyeness of, 851.Trope'ines, 420, 1157.Tropic acid from metophenone, syn-I_- synthesis of, 171.Tropine, constitution of, 263.'Frypsimetry, 1053.Tungstates, new method of analysing,1107.Tungsten, separation of, from antimony,arsenic, and iron, 1171.Tyrosines, isomeric, 1044.'I'ysonite from Colorado, 364.metliylamine, 419.smine in, 83.amine fram, 246.hydrochloride, 246.drate, 177.synthesis of, 722.588, 589.occur in the use of, 795.thesis of, 277.'I'uff-l*ock, 1012.U.Ultramarine, composition of, 509.-_- rich in silica.action of hydro-chloric acid at high temperatures on,138. - compounds, some, 351.Ultramarines, analyses of, 139.Ultra-violet rays, absorption of, 1091.Unit in absolute electrical measure-ITpper lJarz, injurious effect of furnace-Urumil, action of broniiiie on, 801.ments, 334gases in the woods of, 1179.Uranntee, 686.Uraninite, 1110.Ursniuiii, quantitative eeparstion of,from the alkalis and alkaline earths, 4.salts, some new, 1123.-- trioxide, specific gravity of, 220.Uranium-black, 79.Uranium-red, 79.Uranochre, 1 110.Uranothorite, 1009.Uranotil, 362, 1110.Uranyl salts, action of, on turmeric.- sulphide, products of decomposit ioitUrea, action of rcsorcinol on, 95.- action of sodium hypobromite on,- actionof sulphonic chlorides on, 164.- estimation of, by means of standartl- fermentation of, 1059. - formation of, from ammonia salt':of organic acids, 453. - formation of, in the animalorganism, 192.- relation of, to the total nitrogen ofthe urine in disease, 1055.Uric acid, abnormal presence of, in t hsaliva, gststric juice, nasal and phargn-ged secretions, the sweat, uterinc~secretions, and in menstrual blood.1161.paper, 122.and metamorphosis of, 79.316.sodiuni hypobromite, 1085.-- rapid estimation of, 944.Urine after administration of quiniat.and morphine, 192.- amount of nitrogen excreted in.by man a t rest,, l(156. - detection of iodiue in, 644. -- phenol in, 115. -- salicylic acid in, 472.- diabetic, 1162.- estimation of glucose in, 315.__ in disease, relation of the urea to- incompletely osidised sulphur in,- lactic acid fermentation in, 928.- nornial human, glycerolphosphoricacid in, 631.- occurrence and origin of methyl-amine and methjlcarbaniide in, 631. - quantitat ive estimation of ch1aduIin, 643.Urobilin, 1056.Urohsematin, 1057.Urolutein, 1056.Uterine secretions, abnormal prcsenc~eUvic acid, formation of, 155.Uvitonic acid, constitution of, 1'73.the total nitrogen of, 1055.298.of uric acid in, 1161INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1281V.Valerie acid and its salts, 411. -- ethjlamido-, 713. -- fermentation, normal, 798. - -- iodo-, 414. -- methylamido-, '713. - - normal, conversion of levulicacid into, 411. -- phenplamicio-, '713.Vanadinite, 1108. - analysis of, 532. - composition of, 1001. - from Cordoba, crystalline form of,Vanadium compounds, natural, com-- occurrence of, in commercialVapour under the microscope, 505.Vapour-densities, acoustic method of-- of homologous ethers, '782.Vapour-density determinations of a, fewhydroxylaniine derivatives, 571. -- of the halogens, 872.Vapour-tension of mixed liquids, 1093.Vapour-tensions of honiologous series,and Kopp's law of constant differenceof boiling points, 71.1002.position of, 1000.caustic soda, 856.determining, 12.Vapours, cooling power of, 341.- metallic, reversal of the lines of.No. VlII, titanum, chromium, andaluminium, 957. - of chlorinated organic compounds,properties of, 4370. - specific heat of, 340. - transpiration of, 504.Variecite, 541.Varnish, aqueous, for prints on unglazedVauquelinite, 1109.Vegetable liquids, sterilisation of, 835. - substances, inflammability of, withnitric acid, 771.Vegetation, influence of electric light on,and on certain physical principles in-volved, 962.Venasquite, 379.Veratric acid, 740.Veszelyite, 369.Viburnin, 104.Triburnum prunifolium, 10%.Vicin, 1158.Vinegar, manufacture of, by means of- testing for sulphuric acid in, 314.Vines, manuring of, 121.Vinyl bromide, poljmerisation of, 400.Viscose, 1024.Titellin, Wejl's, 625." \?itrified forts " a t Craig Phadrich.paper, 212.bacteria, 128.Jnverness, and IIartmannswillerkopE.Haute Alsacc, examination of t l i t .inaterials of, 703.'' Vitrified forts," examination of tlic.material of, French, 394.Virianite, 549, 690. - artificial production of, 1000.Volborthite (?), 1108.Volcano, Monte Ferru (Sardinia), pro-ducts of, 700.Voltaic cells, 3. - currents, influence of, on the dif-Voltameters, reduction of observation-Volume constitution of formates,-- of liquid compounds, 220.-- of sulphates, chromates, andselenates, 137.Volume relations of some haloid salt *,71.Volumetric analysis, use of potassiumpermanganate in, 759.Vulpic acid, 97, 173, 1036.fusion of liquids, 963.on, 963.406.w.Wackenroder's solution, polythionicWaldivin, 441.Wapplerite, 532.Warmth i n soils, 1071.Water, action of, in the process ofirrigation, 638. - decomposition of, between platinunielectrodes by the discharge of aLeyden jar, 962. - decomposition of, by metallic iron,879.-- drainage, from moorland, 117.- foul, purification of, 854. - from a hot spring, Fiji Island.- from a hot spring, New Britai::.- heat-phenomena of the solution of,- luniinous spectrum of, 1. - mass-influence of, 497.- permeation of, through the soil.- spectrum of, 957. - thermal conductivity of, 966.Water-residues, estimation oS carbon in,Waters, ferruginous carbonated, 1112.- naturd, relation between theoxygcn and organic matter found in,6.50.acids contained in, 1098.analysis of, 564, 1019.analyses of, 5fi4, 1019.in alcohols, 9.1071.1971282 INDEX OFWaters, natural ealine, existence ofboric acid in, 1019. -- of the dssiniboine and Red Rivers,Canada, analyses of, 562. - potable, action of potassium per-manganate on, a t different tempcra-tures, 1172. - potable, destruction of microscopicanimals in, 1179.-- detection of had in, 11’73. -- estimstion of nitrates in,~- estimation of organic carbon- relation of the number of fish to- various, relations between oxygenWattevilLte. 370.Wavellite, 523.Wax, examination of, 316.Weldon-mud and similar substances,composition of, 323.Wheat, continued cropping of, 638. - manuring, with saltpetre, 938.- new Knglish kinds of, 1065.Wheat ashes, composition of, 754.Wickerlieini’s preservative fluid, 126.Wilkinson’s process for the manufactureWicklow, mineralogy of the county of,Wine, analyses OF. 1099, 1182. - detection of aniline colours in,659. -- artificial colouring - mattersin, by means of the speclroscope,852. -- logwood in, 761. -- rosaniline in, 314.- estimation of gum in, 199.-- quinine in, 1176. - explosion produced while heating,- from raisins, 199.- influence of acids on the preserva-- influence of, on digestion, 752. - ropy, action of cold on, 951. - testing for sulphuric acid in, 314.Wines, estimation of the residues of,- from cloudberry and cranberry,- Italian, fermentation of, 1090. - Russian fruiC and blackberry, 209.Wolfrani, 995.Wood, dry distillation of, 332. - ground, as horse litter, 1077. - hardness and resistance of, 132.Wood-spirit, assay of, for the prepara-1173.in, 196.the lime present, in, 630.and org:inic matters in, 10137.of gas from wood, 769, 954.382.479.tion of, 1090.1086.331.tion of niethplated spirit, 1174.SUBJECTS.Wood-spirit for making methylateclWool, relation of, to body weight inWool and silk, separation of, in texlilrWool waste, analysis of, 661. -- - as manure, 937.Wulfcnitc, 1109.spirit, 9B2.merino sheep, 1054.fabric, 1177.X.Xanthochramium compounds, 1104.Xanthophyllite, 233.Xanthouylum, 105.Xenylamine (paramidodiphenyl), dc-rivatives of, 1’75.Sylene, action of chlorochrornic acid 011,581. - action of nitrogcn peroxide on, 584. - nitro-, oxidation of, 420.Xylidine, acetonitro-, 433. - anhyclro-comwunds from, 1232. - new, preparation of, 433. - oxidation of, 420.- ferrocyanide, 261.’Xylidines, isqmeric, 433. - nitro-, 420.P.YP, absorption-spectrum of, 349.Yeast, 928.- incapable of producing an inver-- influence of Rochelle salt on the- microsropic researches on, 835. - pressed, estimation of starch ill,-- examination of, 1183.- souring of, 951.Yttrium group, absorption-spectra ofYttrotantalite, 382.tive fermentation, 632.activity of, 1058.913.some metals of, 349.Z.Ziemann’s process for the manufactu~*eZinc, detection of, in toxicological cases,- distillation, 325.- electrolytic estimation of, 1170.- molecular properties of, 685.of butter and cheese, 952.194.glycidate, 713. IXDEX OF SUEiJECTS.Zinc, separation of, from cadmium,849.Zinc and copper, separation of, hy pre-cipitation with sulphuretted hydrogen,467. - sulph ochromite, 226.Zinc-spinell, conversion of the distil-lation-vessels of zinc-furnaces into,and tridymite, 520.linc-spinel1 from Brazil, 696.Zinnwaldite, 692,Zircon, 550.ZQ'isite, 1003. - comparison of, with epidote, 1004.. - (thulite) , crystallographic exami-Ziiridererz or t,inder-ore of Clauuthal,nation of, 398.24

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001225

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

IXDEX OF SUEiJECTS. 1283Page.9s10210241841377877978396696810571057ERRATA IN VOL. XL.Line.'7 from bottom f0.r CgH5N04 + H20 vead CgH5N04 + Hz.18 ,> 7, C40HS2019 J , C4848H82019.7 7, ,, CI"H130 Y, CIOH18O-last line ,, ferrocyanide ), ferricyanide.2 from top ,, ferrouv ,, ferric.2 from bottom I 26 from top ,) Ann. Chim. Phys. ,, Ann. Phys. Chem.19 from top ,, (i.e., lower by 124') ,, lower (namely at 1 2 4 O ) .17 from bottom ,, Ag5TBrC12 ,, Ag51BrC1.21 ,, ,, urine ,, urobilin.26 ), ,, and not with ,, and with.l3 J ?___-___---__ -~ ._ --HARRISON SYD SONS, PBIXTEES IN OHDINAI1Y TO HEB MAJESTY, ST. MABTIN'S LAXE

ISSN:0368-1769    

DOI:10.1039/CA8814001283

出版商:RSC    

年代:1881

数据来源: RSC