摘要:

SummaryAvian Mycobacteriosis by Strains so far not IdentifiableThis paper reports on a group of strains ofMycobacterium avium‐intracellulare recently isolated from various bird species. The strains in question could not be integrated into the known 28 serovars. The host spectrum includes birds of several avian orders. Clinical, serological, pathoanatomical, and histopathological results are being discussed. During observations of the clinical course in some infected birds, it could be shown that the excretion of the agent could cease for several months. The diagnosis of the new group of serovars was possible only by culture. Antibodies of several serovars demonstrated in life birds did not correspond with the isolates. Therefore, these antibodies were interpreted as serological crossreactions.ZusammenfassungEs wird über eine bei Vögeln erstmals isolierte Stammgruppe vonMycobacterium (M.) avium‐intracellulareberichtet, die sich nicht in die bekannten 28 Serovaren einordnen läßt. Das Wirtsspektrum umfaßt Vögel verschiedener Ordnungen. Klinische, serologische, pathologisch‐anatomische und histologische Untersuchungsergebnisse werden diskutiert. Bei Verlaufsuntersuchungen wurde u.a. festgestellt, daß eine Erregerausscheidung bei einigen infizierten Tieren über Monate hinweg sistierte. Die Erregereinordnung gelang nur über die Kultur, da die bei serologischen Untersuchungen nachgewiesenen Antikörper verschiedener Serovaren nicht mit den serologischen Eigenschaften der Isolate übereinstimmte. Die Antikörperreaktionen der Vögel wurden deshalb als Kreuzreakti

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPurification of a murine IgG3 monoclonal antibody (Mab 22) directed against an epitope ofChlamydia‐specific lipopolysaccharide by affinity chromatography on recently described solid phase IgG Fc‐receptors fromStreptococcus dysgalactiaeis reported. SDS‐PAGE studies revealed the purity of the eluted antibody. The purified Mab 22 was characterized by determination of class, subclass and light chain‐type, and by dot tests and immunoblot a

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe small intestine of 51 calves was examined for the presence of K99+Escherichia coliby means of both an immunoperoxidase procedure performed on paraffin sections and by the slide agglutination test after isolation. Twelve cases resulted immunoperoxidase positive (23.5 %) and 8 of them were also agglutination positive. Results of the 2 diagnostic tests agreed in 46 cases (90.2 %). In immunoperoxidase positive sections a thick layer of immunoreactive bacteria was seen on the luminal surface of the enterocytes.Post‐mortemautolysis or prolonged fixation did not seem to affect the immunoperoxidase reactivity of the sampl

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMaterials from the liver of a wild‐living hare (Lepus europeus pallas) which had died from “European Brown Hare Syndrome” (EBHS) and of two hares kept in captivity which had been experimentally infected with the same material and died after two days with the classical signs of EBHS (Eskens and Volmer, 1989) were investigated for the presence of virus particles by electron microscopy using the negative contrast technique. Virus particles of 32 nm in diameter were found in all three samples investigated. The same particles were detected in the filtered inoculum used for experimental infection and in the supernatant of the first three passages of feline embryonic cell cultures. Haemagglutination or haemadsorption could not be achieved with the material investi

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDaily changes in serum gastrin and pepsinogen concentration have been studied during two types of infection withOstertagia ostertagiin calves. In a first experiment two calves were trickle infected (10 times 10,000 L3Ostertagia) and two animals received a single infection of 100,000 L3Ostertagia. Gastrin and pepsinogen changes are discussed in relation to adult wormburdens.The second experiment involved 8 calves and was designed to investigate pepsinogen and gastrin changes following a challenge infection in previously sensitized calves.The high dosed group was infected with 5,000 L3O. ostertagiduring 30 days, the low dosed group received 500 L3O. ostertagiand group 3 served as uninfected control. At day 41 post infection all animals were treated with oxfendazole and on day 61 challenged with 100,000 L3O. ostertagi. Only in the high dosed group a distinct pepsinogen and gastrin reaction was noticed. Both parameters dropped to almost preinfection levels after treatment. Two days post challenge a moderate rise (± 1,000 mU tyr) of the pepsinogen concentration was observed in the previously infected animals and gastrin showed a temporary slight increase in several animals 8 to 10 days post challenge. The effect of treatment and challenge infection is discussed in relation to gastrin and pepsinogen changes and immunity

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe agreement between three diagnostic methods (mycology, morphology, and immunofluorescence staining) was compared two by two in elucidating the aetiological diagnosis in 52 cases of bovine mycotic abortion. Agreement between the three methods was expressed by the kappa coefficient (κ), and ranked as follows: mycology and immunofluorescence staining (κ = 0.48); morphology and immunofluorescence staining (κ = 0.40); mycology and morphology (κ = 0.28).A.fumigatuswas confirmed to be the main cause of bovine mycotic abortion with members of the zygomycetes (orderMucorales) being the second most important group. In two aborted placentas aCandidaspecies was found to be the cause of mycotic placenti

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe new encephalitogenic BHV‐1.3 and previously characterized BHV‐1 strains were studied with reference to their immunogenic and protective potency and their antigenic relationships using “in vitro” and “in vivo” tests.The “in vitro” results obtained by neutralization kinetics showed that the Los Angeles (LA) strain (BHV‐1.1) and a vaginal isolate L‐114 strain (BHV‐1.2) had antigenic similarities. Conversely, the behavior of the encephalitogenic strain A‐663 (BHV‐1.3), was significantly distinct.The “in vivo” protection test was carried out in calves using LA and A‐663 strains. Post‐vaccination antibodies and challenge with A‐663 strain showed that the immunogenic behavior and protective capacities of both strains were similar.Neutralization kinetics differences between BHV‐1.1 and BHV‐1.3 did not alter the “in v

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLymphocyte blastogenic response, B‐lymphocyte population and antibody‐producing activity of lymphocytes were determined to evaluate the lymphocyte function in neonatal calves during the first 4 weeks of life. The mean percentage of B‐lymphocytes ranged from 10.2 to 12.5% during the first 14 days of life and from 15.3 to 17.5% in calves from the day 21 to day 28 after birth. The absolute number of B‐lymphocytes increased significantly (P<0.05) from 370/μl at birth to 736/μl on day 28 after birth. The mean stimulation index of blastogenic response, measured by fluorometric assay, ranged from 5.75 to 6.61 with Con A, from 5.29 to 5.98 with PHA and from 1.89 to 2.50 with PWM. The mean (± S. D.) number of plaque forming cells ranged from 22.0 (± 12.0) to 24.7 (± 9.2) in cultured lymphocytes from 5 calves at birth to 14 days after birth and their levels increased markedly from 137.8 (± 88.3) to 162.0 (± 57.8) in lymphocytes from 20 days to 28 days after birth. The present study showed that antibody‐producing activity of lymphocytes is lower in calves within 3 weeks after birth compared to that of calves 3 weeks after birth, indicating that neonatal calf lymphocytes have a low antibody‐producing activity at least up to 1

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antibody response of rabbit to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus was examined. Two rabbits were inoculated with IBR virus strain Los Angeles into the trachea and intravenously, and intravenously two times, respectively. The patterns of antibody titers in the rabbits measured by neutralization test and ELISA were similar to those in the case of bovine. The antibody was detected after the inoculation, and much more antibody was detected after the second inoculation. The fact suggests that rabbits are a very useful laboratory animal for IBR virus infection studies.

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo field trials were undertaken to evaluate specific vaccines and Biological Response Modifiers (B.R.M.) with regard to disease control of beef cattle. Clinical data and laboratory results strongly suggested a genetically determined resistance to transportation stress of some cattle breeds, with possible important consequences on the occurrence of multi‐factor diseases. Plenty of calves showed detectable levels of serum interferon and a remarkable activation of at least some lymphocyte populations in the first days after arrival. In general, B.R.M.‐treated cattle could better react against environmental pathogens, as evidenced by both clinical and laboratory findings. Several data emerged that even the efficacy of specific vaccines could be largely accounted for by a positive modulation of non‐specific immunity; this latter feature can be mainly referred to adjuvants and/or some bacterial ant

ISSN:0931-1793    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1991.tb00847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY