ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-1

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-3

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTRetroviral vectors promote the efficient transfer of genes into a variety of cell types from many animal species. An important contribution to their utility was the development of retrovirus packaging cells, which allow the production of retroviral vectors in the absence of replication-competent virus. Because of their ability to transfer genes efficiently into cells that are difficult to transfect by other methods, retroviral vectors are prime candidates for gene transfer into human somatic cells. Indeed, a retroviral vector recently has been used to mark tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with melanoma to follow the persistence and distribution of these cells following infusion into patients. Hopefully these vectors will soon be used for the treatment of disease by transfer of functional genes, or gene therapy. Here I will review the available packaging cell lines and their properties with a focus on their ultimate application to human gene therapy.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-5

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe in vivo fate of amphotropic murine leukemia retrovirus was studied in five rhesus monkeys. Retrovirus infused intravenously into 3 normal animals and 1 immunosuppressed animal was cleared rapidly from the circulation and subsequent viremia has not been detected (mean follow-up of 27.4 months). A fifth monkey was immunosuppressed and transplanted with virus-producing autologous fibroblasts in addition to an intraperitoneal injection of virus. This animal was viremic for 2 days and its lymph node cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were shown to be producing virus for up to 22 days post-inoculation, but subsequently has been negative after 17.0 months of analysis. In the 5 animals studied (combined mean follow-up of 25.7 months), clinical illness has not been identified at any time. Therefore, murine amphotropic retroviruses do not appear to pose an acute health risk.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-15

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTThree retroviral vectors, containing a human adenosine deaminase (ADA) cDNA linked to either the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter, the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early promoter, or the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) promoter, were tested for their ability to express ADA following infection and transplantation of murine bone marrow. Virus was produced by using PA317 amphotropic retrovirus packaging cells. The titer of each of the vectors was similar and no helper virus was detected. Human ADA was expressed in the blood of some animals for 6 months after transplantation of infected marrow, and vector DNA was found in the spleen and in bone marrow from these animals. The percentage of animals expressing human ADA (33%) and the amount of human ADA in blood (15% of total ADA) was similar for each of the vectors. These results show that amphotropic vectors are capable of infecting pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells having long-term repopulating ability, and that a variety of promoters allow gene expression following differentiation of these early cells.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-31

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTBeginning with critical writings of certain theological ethicists in 1965, religious bodies increasingly have been fostering studies of emerging issues implied by genetic technology. While perceiving this new science as consistent with belief in God as Creator, they define a number of dangers to human well-being and natural environment that might result from abuse of knowledge. The way in which religious concerns and their spokesmen have now entered into discussions within the scientific community is of notable importance.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-43

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe public's involvement in the debate over human gene therapy is used to illustrate two points. First, complex bioethical issues often come to the public's attention because of a scandal, in this case the Cline episode; enlightened discussion and public understanding are difficult to achieve under these conditions. Second, even with unfavorable circumstances at the outset, the debate can become channeled into politically responsible institutions which then can develop effective public policy. For gene therapy, four significant forums emerged: the President's Commission's ReportSplicing Life, the 1982 Congressional Hearings, the OTA Report, and the RAC'sPoints to Considerdocument.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-49

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

ABSTRACTEthical issues generally evolve through four stages: threshold, open conflict, extended debate, and adaptation. The history of the ethical debate on human gene therapy is examined. The threshold was the Nirenberg appeal in 1967. The open conflict centered around two early controversial cases: those of Rogers and Cline. The extended debate has lasted from 1980 to the present, but now adaptation,i.e., a public policy, for somatic cell gene therapy is emerging.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-55

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

Overview summaryThe first, and possibly still the most important, document examining in depth the broad ethical implications of human gene therapy wasSplicing Life, published in November 1982. The senior author of that study looks back over the past years and reflects on the significance ofSplicing Lifefrom the perspective of today.

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-69

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL

ISSN:1043-0342    

DOI:10.1089/hum.1990.1.1-73

出版商:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.    

年代:1990

数据来源: MAL