摘要:

Attempts to limit the EC agricultural budget have focussed on the problem of controlling surpluses of agricultural products. An alternative strategy is to impose cash limits directly on specific agricultural support expenditures. This paper shows that the coresponsibility measures favoured by the Commission could, with minor modification, become vehicles for cash limit control of support expenditure, but the penalties for over‐production would have to be more severe than in the past. Cash‐limiting policy options are compared in terms of producer incentives and their effect on producer reven

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Autumn‐sown cereals place pressure on post‐harvest operations, particularly straw disposal. Burning is often a private solution but imposes external costs on others. Policy options to control burning include an outright ban, standard regulations, pollution taxes and transferable discharge rights. The effects of such options on farm income are assessed for an East of England cereals farm using a Linear Programming model. Results are sensitive to assumed straw yields, the market price of straw, and incorporation costs. Transferable discharge rights offer a flexible and efficient instrument to regulate straw burning at a non‐zero

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Analyses of size economies in the England and Wales dairy sector have generally been made on the basis of comparisons of input‐output measures. These measures have been classified according to input use and farm size and have led to conclusions about efficiency and structural change. This paper examines the influence of managerial ability on economies of size using econometrically estimated long‐run average cost (LAC) functions from Milk Marketing Board data for 1980/1. The results show that the LAC curve is U‐shaped though skewed to exhibit greater economies than diseconomies of size. Better managed farms are shown to produce any given level of output at lower average cost. Moreover, they have larger optimal levels of o

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of recent tax changes on the profitability and feasibility of machinery investment and on the incentive for the substitution of labour by machinery are studied. Using two examples, variations in tax, interest and inflation rates are also evaluated, as is the effect of the consideration of tax bands. The results indicate that not only has the change in capital allowances made machinery investment less favourable, but so also does the use of tax bands, especially for more expensive items. If interest and inflation rates decline in the longer term the profitability of machinery investment will deteriorate, although feasibility may improve.

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the hypothesis that new agricultural futures markets are weak form inefficient in their early stages of development and that they exhibit a process of adjustment towards efficiency over time. The concept of pricing efficiency in futures markets is outlined and the hypothesis is tested with respect to the UK soyabean meal, potato and pigmeat futures markets, using serial correlation, runs and spectral analysis. The results indicate that over the time period of the contract samples these markets exhibit some weak form inefficiency; however there is no clear evidence of an adjustment process.

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article sets out the background and general record of operation of the Milk Marketing Board Awards Scheme in Agricultural Economics since its inception in 1955. Over 100 awards have been given and holders were selected from nearly 1,300 applications. The process of selection is analysed in some detail. It is suggested that the work of award holders is a reflection of the general directions of interest in postgraduate studies in the subject and that the analysis of subsequent careers provides an indicator of the demand for the services of those trained in Agricultural Economics.

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A previous article has discussed how the irreversible transfer of land from agricultural to urban uses should be addressed (Hodge, 1984). If the future value of land in either use is uncertain, some additional value should be placed on a decision which keeps future options open by retaining land in agriculture. It is argued that Hodge's estimates of the value, known as quasi‐option value, are unsatisfactory, and revised estimates are provided. More fundamentally, the usefulness of quasi‐option value as an operational concept is queried. It is better to solve irreversible decision problems under uncertainty as stochastic dynamic programming probl

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Changes in exporter market shares in the Kuwaiti poultry import market over the period 1971–81 are analysed by three modelling procedures. Two traditional approaches, a first‐order constant transition probability Markov model and a set of market share equations, are found to be of only limited use. As an alternative, a multinominal logit model of market share behaviour is estimated. The empirical results indicate that, in addition to relative price changes, domestic policy inducements for Brazilian and European Community exports are important in determining market share changes. A comparison of the explanatory abilities of the models suggests that the multinominal logit model is as least as good as traditional modelling alternatives with respect to econometric criteria. It is concluded that the multinominal logit model offers considerable promise as a tool for market share resea

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1987.tb01029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY