ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring the past 30 years the knowledge base of geriatric psychiatry has grown exponentially to replace the folklore and myths which for many years pervaded the as yet undefined field of geriatric psychiatry. The advances in geriatric psychiatry, as with many areas of medicine, have been fostered by the appearance of sophisticated technologies including analytic chemistry techniques, functional and structural brain‐imaging studies and molecular biology. However, many of these advances could not have been achieved without the supported initiatives in education and research in geriatric psychiatry by major agencies such as the National Institute of Mental Health Center for Studies of Mental Health of the Aging and the National Institute for Aging. For example, the number of geriatric specialty training programs in the United States increased to more than 30 between 1978 and 1989 as compared to the existence of only one prior to 1978 in the setting of a medical school (Cohen, 1989). These clinical and research training programs continue to the present day and are not only the source of the future researchers in geriatric psychiatry but also the ‘centres’ of research activity in areas such as the mood disorders, dementias, late onset schizophrenia, anxiety, and other psychiatric disorders of the elderly which are reviewed in this issue of the Jo

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA questionnaire survey was conducted to elicit responses regarding research‐related experiences and attitudes among the members of the American Association of Geriatric Psychiatry. Nineteen per cent of the 1200 members to whom the questionnaire was sent responded. An analysis revealed that, while an overwhelming majority (85%) of the respondents felt that geriatric research was important, most encountered enormous barriers. These barriers ranged from funding and time constraints to a lack of training programs and institutional support, to the methodological issues in doing research on an elderly population. A majority of the respondents suggested that more funding be made available for research, and for research training (fellowship and residency programs), start‐up projects for private practice research, and improvement of methodology and protocols. Another frequent recommendation was for increasing collaboration among investigators, including setting up centers for cooperative studies and train

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResearch priorities established by the field of geriatric psychiatry are the principal source of ideas for investigations supported by the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute of Aging and a host of private organizations and foundations. Individuals, at various stages in their careers, can compete for federal stipends to pursue these research inquiries. Knowledge of the assortment of awards available is part of an overall strategy candidates need to develop in planning and maintaining productive research careers.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs federal and state funding sources become increasingly more competitive, other sources of funding for research, education and clinical programs need to be considered. In 1989, over $81 million was given by private sources in support of programs that directly benefited the elderly. This article examines methods for seeking private funding and provides a list of foundations with either specific or possible interest in geriatrics and mental health. We also offer specific suggestions for enhancing the chances of obtaining funding from these foundations.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ethical context in which geropsychiatric research is carried out today in the United States has its origins in events of the 1960s and 1970s. Three main trends can be identified. The first is sociopolitical and involves the challenge to tradition and authority manifested in that period with its consequent moral pluralism and focus on new forms of individualism. Ethical thinkers redirected their attention to more normative questions and moral problems in medicine came under close scruitiny. Regulatory changes affecting research followed. The second trend greatly influenced the type of research that would predominate in psychiatry after the mid‐1970s. This trend involved the redirection of psychiatric thinking towards renewed interest in psychopathology, nosology and quantitation which was dormant during the preceding psychodynamically oriented decades. The final trend was the aging of the American population. Whereas before the 1960s there was little interest in aging the age‐related neuropsychiatric conditions, subsequent decades ushered in much interest and support for human aging research. New moral problems have naturally arisen. Most of them have involved vulnerable subpopulations of elderly. Nontheless, while small areas of disagreement remain and regulation is incomplete, research in geriatric psychiatry now proceeds within a well‐structured context of ethical guidelines and government regula

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGeriatric affective disorders constitute a major clinical and public health problem. This article reviews clinical data and research in this area. Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, course of illness, biologic markers and pathophysiology are discussed and suggestions for the future course of research are made.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsychoses in late life are serious psychiatric disorders. They include schizophrenia (both late onset schizophrenic patients and the more prevalent early onset schizophrenic patients living into middle and old age), delusional disorder, psychosis in patients with dementia, psychosis in patients with depression, and miscellaneous psychoses. This article reviews some of the more recent and interesting findings in late life psychoses. A need for further research is stressed.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the absence of a peripheral biochemical marker of Alzheimer's disease, case identification in community epidemiologic studies has to rely on a probabilistic diagnosis based on the exclusion of other causes of dementia. This article is a review of the advances made in the successive steps of this diagnostic process. Representative epidemiologic studies on diagnosis, prevalence, incidence, lifetime cumulative risk, mortality, risk factors, prognosis, and the overlap of dementia and depression are reviewed and discussed. Differences in case ascertainment and the methods used have, at times, led to conflicting findings. The recognition of these differences and the experience gained by the studies done so far are paving the way for new initiatives aimed at a better understanding and resolution of the issues left unsettled.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article reviews selected recent findings which contribute to the delineation of the early onset, extrapyramidal symptom, and Lewy body subtypes. These examples underscore certain potential advances and pitfalls in research which attempts to define subtypes. A subtype of Alzheimer's disease is defined by the presence of a specific etiology, a set of clinical signs, a prognosis, and a response to treatment. Cognitive decline can also occur on the basis of factors not intrinsic to a particular subtype. The term ‘excess disability’ refers to a patient's functioning which declines more rapidly than is expected on the basis of cerebral pathology alone. This article discusses some relevant studies which show how the concept of ‘excess disability’ contributes to understanding the total disability of the Alzheimer's

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY