ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy combination of liquid‐solid chromatography, capillary GLC and mass spectrometry, the essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the dried leaves ofStevia rebaudianaBertoni (Asteraceae) imported from Brazil, was analyzed. Caryophyllene oxide and spathulenol accounted for about 43% of the oil, which contained more than a hundred compounds, most of which were present only in traces; 54 components were identified.Also the essential oil obtained by steam distillation from fresh plants ofStevia, cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Turin University, was analyze

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCarnation,Dianthus caryophyllusL., which originated in the Mediterranean countries, holds an important place in perfumery. Southern France, Italy, Egypt, and Kenya are now the main sources of carnation flowers for perfumery use. The flowers are extracted with volatile solvents, yielding carnation concrete, which on treatment with alcohol, gives carnation absolute.Until the 1930s, only a few components of steam‐distilled carnation oil were known. Carnation was not the subject of further research until in the 1980s over a hundred components were revealed in the steam‐distilled oil and in Egyptian carnation absolute. The difference in chemical compositions of absolutes and steam‐distilled oils, obtained from flowers cultivated in Kenya, Egypt and in South of France was also shown. Carnation absolute is very expensive, therefore synthetic carnation compounds have been developed, the main components being eugenol and its derivatives combined with salicylates, benzoates and rose components. Few illustrative conventional carnation formulas are shown. More recent carnation compounds include newer aromatics, amongst which cis‐hex‐3‐enyl esters are important. At the beginning of this century, pure concentrated carnation essence were used as perfumes. Later, carnation absolute served as modifier in many perfume compositions.Early carnation fragrances were based mostly on a few natural perfume materials, including carnation absolute. Later, a few essential oils and aromatics were added as they became available. Examples of carnation perfumes are given. In the late 1930s, alcohol‐free perfume concentrates were developed, among them carnation. Spicy notes are appealing to men, and many men's fragrances, ranging from the early to the sophisticated modern formulations contain carnation notes. Carnation perfumes have been used in brilliantines, hair oils, talcum powders and soaps. Apart from soap perfumes, they contained small amounts of carnation absolute. Carnation fragrances are still used to perfume colored soaps. In modern cosmetic perfumes, carnation is mostly used as a modifying component of a fragrance to give a warm spicy floral note. Carnation absolute is used today only in de luxe fragrances, because of its high price.* Synthetic carnation compounds or their components have replaced the absolute in less expensive perfumes. Efforts are being made to introduce a lower priced carnation ingredient, cultivated and produced in Kenya, to encourage its use in perfumery. The carnation odor is important in both women's and men's fragrances, and it will remain an indispensable component of fragrances created

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe volatile leaf oil ofEuodia hortensisformahortensiscontains menthofuran (64%) and evodone (27%) as its major components. Another forty‐two components have been detected in the oil of which twenty‐nine have been identified. The volatile oil from the flowers contains evodone as its main component with lesser amounts of menthofuran, α‐copaene, ar‐curcumene and caryo

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsohexenylnaphthazarin pigments isolated from the roots ofAlkanna tinctoriaandMacrotomia cephaloteswere determined quantitatively by TLC densitometry. The method was also used successfully for determination of alkannin isovalerate in blood.

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMenthanyl acetate is a commercial product used in the formulation of fragrances. This material and its precursor,p‐menthanol, were each found to be mainly mixtures of four isomers. The use of preparative GC and1H‐NMR spectroscopy proved invaluable in distinguishing the isomers of thep‐menthanols andp‐menthanyl acetates. This work identifies each isomer and corrects spectroscopic assignments previously reported in the literature.1H‐NMR distinguished isomers with axial and equatorial methyl and hydroxyl groups on a cyclohe

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnalysis by an on‐line computerized gas‐chromatrographic (g.c.)‐mass spectral method of the steam‐volatile leaf oil of eastern white pine confirmed that α‐ and β‐pinene, and myrcene are the main monoterpenes, with lesser amounts of camphene, car‐3‐ene, β‐phellandrene, limonene, terpinolene, α‐terpineol, and bornyl acetate. In addition, germacrene‐D and caryophyllene were identified as the main sesquiterpenes; lesser amounts of humulene and δ‐cadinene were also found. Small or trace amounts of hexanal, hex‐2‐enal, tricyclene, o‐cymene, α‐phellandrene, α‐terpinene,p‐cymene, γ‐terpinene, α‐fenchol, pinocamphone, terpinen‐4‐ol, a cadinol isomer, manoyl oxide, and a kauranol isomer were identified. Germacrene‐D tended to rearrange to other ses

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA series of 8 pyrazines (pyrazine, 3‐ethyl‐2‐methoxy‐, 2‐ethoxy‐3‐ethyl‐, 3,6‐dimethyl‐2‐propyl‐, 2‐butyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐, 2‐butyl‐3,6‐dimethyl‐, 2‐acetyl‐3‐methyl‐, 2‐acetyl‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazine) were identified in the smoke generated from 17 different wood sources (white and red oak, walnut, chestnut, apple, redwood, red alder, cherry, aspen, birch, hard maple, eastern cedar, hickory, Lodgepole pine wood and bark, Douglas‐Fir heartwood and sapwood).Hickory produced the largest amount (41.03 mg 100 g wood) of total pyrazines while redwood had the least (10.33 mg). Total and individual pyrazine levels did not appear to correlate with wood nitrogen content nor with the levels of cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin.Smoke generation variables relative to pyrazine formation were evaluated with hickory smoke. Increasing the moisture content from 4 per cent to 20 or 30 per cent resulted in decreased total pyrazine levels. The absence of air decreased total pyrazine concentration while increasing smoke generation temperature from 290 to 450°C increased the total amount of pyrazines formed. Collection of hickory smoke volatiles in an alkaline solution resulted in lowe

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe presence of a very fragrant component, C12H20O, in the liverwortLophocolea heterophyllawas proven. A possible method for the isolation of this still unknown substance is discussed. The special ‚mossy’︁ note of this natural product should be interesting as a possible component of fragra

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730010111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY