摘要:

ABSTRACT:Using data on individual perceptions of deserved pay for workers in six British local labour markets, this paper tests the implicit proposition of cognitive dissonance theory that workers who express themselves as being overpaid should exhibit lower job satisfaction than equitably paid workers. The regression results do not provide any evidence in support of the proposition.

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Technical change, economic internationalisation and generally increased competition have caused management in many firms to adopt new employee management systems such as “lean production”, TQM, and have placed a premium on “high performance” cooperative industrial relations systems. This article seeks to provide a first analysis of their likely effects upon the structure of employment, and whether they exacerbate the unemployment problems of many categories of workers. It is argued that these systems place a premium on employment stability of those workers for whom functional flexibility and high levels of cooperation are needed. It asks whether a mix of job stability and limited functional flexibility among incubent workers in many Western European countries has contributed to low hiring rates, and how far cooperative relations within the firm can be cultivated in isolation from conditions in othe

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The observation of economic activity grants an equally important place to learning as some recent theoretical problems. However, what is meant by learning, and what in the productive activity enables the application of the learning process? This paper examines the notion of learning, as far as the firm is concerned, putting the emphasis on two main directions. On one hand, learning is not only a dynamic but also a process: it is not only a matter of going from one point to another, but also a process of construction of knowledge and rules. On the other hand, this process must be understood as an articulation between individual and organizational learning.

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper is an empirical analysis of the interaction between the dynamics of demand, productivity and employment in nine industrial countries: the United States, Canada, Japan, West Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Belgium, 1960‐1990. Its theoretical framework derives from the Kaldorian approach to cumulative growth in both its external and internal causation versions. The model we adopt is of an integrated kind, in which foreign demand is determined endogenously and domestic demand is divided into various component parts: exogenous for the public sector and endogenous for the private. More specifically, this is carried out by describing the way the dynamics of private consumption and private investments depend on economic variables located in the spheres of distribution and of technology, so that we can consider the operations ofincome compensation effectsinduced by technological change — via changes in income and its social distribution — as well asprice compensation effects— the higher competitiveness of national products in foreign markets — mediated through the dynamics o

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Manpower requirement forecasts are usually based on the assumption that discrepancies between supply and demand do not lead to adjustment processes at the labour market. We show, however, that even if the market mechanism functions completely, manpower requirement forecasts remain important information. On this basis, a manpower requirement approach is developed which incorporates the possibility of substitution processes at the labour market.

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The specification of a model for selection to labour market training is studied. Based on present value maximization, it is demonstrated that frequently adopted specifications of wage equations yield selection models containing a difference between alternative wage rates paid in the training period. In addition, the training effect on future wage rates can be sign determined. Using this, we test the hypothesis of present value maximization. A test that is robust against omitted variables and heteroskedasticity is used. Based on a sample of unemployed Swedish workers, we find positive training effects for most sub‐group

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This contribution endorses the transactional trilogy of institutional economics in order to suggest a theoretical framework for re‐examining the relationships between unemployment, labour institutions, and technological and organisational innovation. Labour institutions are usually called into question in the debates on European unemployment. Although the advocates of the biased technological change thesis defend it in order to improve the employment of unskilled workers, this article argues that a deregulation of the labour market may in fact generate losses of dynamic efficiency with respect to knowledge accumulation, the organisation of production and national capabilities of innovation. In addition, the impact of technological and organisational innovation on employment partly depends on the capabilities of firms and nations to initiate institutional learning, regarding bargaining, managerial and rationing transaction

ISSN:1121-7081    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.1996.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY