摘要:

AbstractThis is an evaluative study of a juvenile probationary project in which youth are ordered to pay restitution as a term of probation and, to assure them means of compliance, the juvenile court arranges for and supplies their employment. Demographic variables (age and sex) and court‐related variables (plea, length of probation, amount of restitution ordered, and amount and proportion actually paid) are examined in relation to one another and, most important, in relation to recidivism as measured by subsequent law violations for which the offender was investigated, and subsequent law violations that resulted in formal charges against the youth. The data demonstrate that recidivism is related to severity of the initial offense, but more important, it is related to the youth's success in achieving the restitution goal. Successful compliance with the restitution order, when success is measured by amount of restitution paid relative to the amount ordered by the court, is significantly related to revocation of probation, time given to pay, amount ordered to be paid, and subsequent offenses charged. Indeed, the proportion of restitution paid is the most important predictor of recidivism. The data reinforce the dominant legislative position that an offender's ability to pay must be taken into account in ordering restitutio

ISSN:0161-7109    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1994.tb00930.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOver‐representation of minority offenders in all phases of the criminal justice system has been recognized as a problem in the United States. Much controversy surrounds the question of whether the criminal justice system is “racist.” This inquiry goes beyond the traditional emphasis on the symptoms of racial disparity within the system, and asks whether differences exist between racial groups in their exposure to psychosocial factors that are found to relate to delinquency. The purpose of the study was to expose possible personal, familial, and societal causes of racial over‐representation rather than merely place blame on the criminal justice system.The study examined institutionalized delinquent offenders. Among the findings are ones that indicate that blacks report significantly less access to intermediary treatment resources such as psychiatric and drug treatment facilities, community treatment referrals, and placement in foster homes. Blacks were over‐represented in the more serious offense levels for both current and prior offenses. Whites were over‐represented in mental dysfunction measures of chronic alcohol and drug abuse, suicide attempts, institutionalization in psychiatric or drug treatment facilities, and running away from home. The difference in racial representation raises some critical questions of possible inequality in exposure to environmental factors related to criminal behavior and unequal access and referral to intermediate treatment services prior to in

ISSN:0161-7109    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1994.tb00931.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-7109    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1994.tb00932.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the incidence of violent juvenile crime and the increasingly limited funds for residential treatment of the adolescent offender, one court jurisdiction (16th Judicial Circuit, Kane County, Illinois) attempted to develop and administer its own residential treatment facility within the walls of its detention facility. This article documents the problems encountered in this endeavor and provides recommendations for other jurisdictions which might be tempted to try to balance the fiscal and rehabilitative demands of this growing population by administering their own residential treatment facilities. The problems addressed in this article pertain to the following areas of difficulty: developing a therapeutic milieu; attracting, training, and evaluating a competent child care staff; and implementing a consistent philosophy of change designed to drive all decision‐making within the cente

ISSN:0161-7109    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1994.tb00933.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-7109    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1994.tb00934.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY