摘要:

The illustrative focus of the paper will be a metaphoric tactic, the blank page or area, generally considered to be employed primarily by female modernists. It will show how a male writer from a rather different chronological space ‐ Daniel Defoe ‐ employs such a tactic, thus allowing characters a space in which to actualize certain valorized standpoints.Moll FlandersandRobinson Crusoewill be treated as representative examples of Defoe's proposed resolution to this pervasive dilemma of individual actualization. Examining the works of Defoe more generally it will be shown that, though the geographic area of retreat may vary, it will still function as a characteristic blank page to be inscribed by the character who seeks self‐realization in a fashion transcending limited chronological and gender f

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01901.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The biblical reference contained in its title has led many critics of August Strindberg's seminal drama,To Damascus, I, to regard only the religious influences in its content. This focus has tended often to ignore the substantial contributions of modern philosophy to the composition of Strindberg's work, especially in terms of dramatic structure and characterization. The following article traces and identifies the importance of Kierkegaard'sRepetitionand Nietzsche'sThus Spake Zarathustra‐ two philosophical narratives ‐ for both the theme of the “stranger's return” and its rendering within the drama's symmetrical structure and typification of thedramatis p

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01902.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses Sartre's poetic principles both as they are expressed theoretically and as they are applied critically. It tries to show that the mixing of ethical and esthetic criteria we find in Sartre's critical essays does not result from an eclectic approach to the work of art or to a lack of logical consistency. Rather, the normative duality we see in his critical essays stems from the double nature of the linguistic sign and of the art of language as he sees them. This duality expresses his dialectic approach to linguistic works of art, according to which ethical and esthetic values represent two fundamental aspects (connected to each other and arising form each other) of the esthetic object ‐ as a ‘non‐real’ being ‐ and of the‘esthetic joy’‐ as an actualization of the basic freedom inherent in the esth

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01903.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article considers the role of the avantgarde in American modernism. It suggests to distinguish modernism and avantgarde with respect to the function of innovation and tradition. Both the modern and the avantgarde author are stylistically innovative, but for the modern author innovation strengthens the traditional concept of the autonomous, self‐sufficient work of art, whereas for the avantgarde writer radical innovation functions as a disruptive force which supposedly leads to a re‐unification of art and life. The avantgarde movements ‐ especially dadaism, futurism, and surrealism ‐ came into existence as an answer to specific European conditions in art and society and did not play any larger role in the United States. The expatriate American authors Ezra Pound and Gertrude Stein are not avantgarde authors, but essentially modern writers. After modernism had succeeded in America as the epitome of high art' an American neo‐avantgarde developed during the 1950s and 1960s which revived the disruptive techniques of the European historical avantgarde in an effort to close the gap between art and life. What is called postmodernism today is not an avantgarde movement anymore. It lacks both the negation of the past and the Utopian impulse essential for any a

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01904.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Die Novelle «Ein fliehendes Pferd» (1978) übernimmt wesentliche Motive aus Goethes RomanDie Wahlverwandschaften(1810). Ebenso wie bei Goethe, beruht auch bei Walser das Geschehen auf der symmetrischen Zuordnung der Hauptfiguren. Außerdem hat sich Walser bei der formalen Konzeption seiner Novelle sehr eng an die klassische Novellentheorie angelehnt, die ebenfalls von Goethe stammt. Dies jedoch bedeutet zugleich eine Ironisierung und Auflösung der klassischen Form. Vor allem an der zentralen Rolle, die die Motive des Scheins und des Wassers spielen, wird dies deutlich. Bei Goethe sind die zwei Bedeutungen des Wassers als schicksalhafte Bestätigung der mythischen Verstrickung der Hauptfiguren und als Medium der Befreiung vom Schein genau voneinander getrennt. Für die mythische Verstrickung steht der Bergsee, für die befreiende Kraft der reißende Strom der eingefügten Novelle. Demgegenüber sind sie bei Walser in Gestalt des durch einen Sturm aufgespeitschten Bodensees zu einer Einheit zusammengezogen. Die dadurch bewirkte Mehrdeutigkeit steht quer zur formalen Strenge und Geschlossenheit der klassischen No

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01905.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article is an attempt to rationalize consequently the existence of the “Ourang‐Outang” as the murderer in Poe's short story “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” from within the structure of the story. One could even say that it is an attempt to prove “categorically” the necessity of the ape as murderer.In order to do this, the article resorts to the conceptualization and the philosophical underpinning of theGestaltof the detective as an aesthete. Such an understanding of the detective and its rationalization literally provokes the connection of two, each other unknown contemporaries: Poe and Kierkegaard; and ‐ last yet not least ‐ it evokes another romantic: E. T. A. Hoffmann. Other intellectual luminaries, like T. W. Adomo and his friend S. Kracauer, helped to blaze the trail; and, of course, a historical and political view helped to keep “things” in line.Not only does the presented approach help to explain the ape rationally, it also helps to rationalize the unusually young age of Auguste Dupin himself. The explanation of his character is ‐together with the enigma of the ape ‐ one of the most obscure issues in Poe's detective fiction. This treatment of Poe's detective and the ape tries to realize critically Poe's understanding of

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01906.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this tales about writers Henry James reproduces the same basic scenario many times, using a narrow range of motifs, characters, and situations. These can be formulated and formalised in the manner of Vladimir Propp's morphology of the Russian folk tale. The tales can then be studied as reworkings of vital pre‐occupations concerning the writer, art, and society. But when juxtaposed and examined in this way the tales offer no support for views often attributed to James about the necessary separation between art and life, the need for artists to dedicate themselves totally to art, and the lamentable timidity and short‐sightedness of editors and the public. Instead, what emerges is a pervasive uncertainty on these issues. The stories place a high valuation on friendship and human contact, and express scepticism about impersonality as an artistic ideal. They also query the value of a unifying thread or ‘secret’ which endows an author's opus with formal perfection, expressing enthusiasm instead for what is fragmentary and spontaneous rather than crafted. The spirit of the tales then, is more akin to the warmth of feeling seen in James's accounts of his relations with Turgenev, Flaubert, and other writers than to the urbane convictions expressed in the p

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01907.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Between 1950–70, the dominant model that regulated the interpretation of E. M. Forster'sA Passage to Indiawas structured around the idea of wholeness or unity. Between 1970–85, it was grounded in the model of choice – between alternatives – whether these involve alternative meanings or interpretations. The present essay puts forward a new model based ondifference– the difference that at once articulates the great oppositional chains – infinite/finite, presence/absence, form/formless, innocence/guilt – that structure the narrative at the same time as it takes them apart and dissolves them. The essay explores the effects of this difference on five distinct textual levels – on the order of meaning, knowledge, narrative structure, ethics, and ortho

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book Reviewed in this article:Harenbergs Lexikon der Weltliteratur: Autoren, Werke, Begriffe.5 volumes. 1989. Harenberg Lexikon‐Verlag.Thomas Saine,Black Bread, While Bread: German Intellectuals and the French Revolutio

ISSN:0105-7510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0730.1991.tb01909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY