ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Throughout 1993, Public Health Nursingwill honor living public health nurses whose efforts have paved the way for the kind of practice that will lead us into the 21st century. Appearing in this issue are the first two in a series of oral histories honoring individuals selected by the editorial board.

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCanada has embraced the goal of the World Health Organization to achieve health for all. This has created a paradigm shift from a focus on direct care to include health promotion and community development, consistent with a primary health care approach. Nevertheless, a clearly articulated vision for the role of public health nurses (PHNs) is lacking. Despite the fact that PHNs make up the largest group of health care workers in the community, their collective opinions and ideas regarding their own practice are seldom sought in a systematic manner. We conducted a survey of public health nurses in British Columbia. Using a two‐wave Delphi approach, PHNs were asked to define issues for the future of public health nursing, and to state publicly their preferences for change and transformation. The responses were rank ordered, analyzed, and compared with recent nursing and health care literature to interpret their content. The PHNs' visions for tomorrow agree with concepts of primary health care and community development, and have implications for community health nursing's practice and educatio

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study of the support networks and social support of recently divorced women with children was conducted over two years. Its purpose was to assess changes in the women's social support and identify their unmet needs. Data were collected from 148 women by mailed questionnaire and telephone interview soon after the final divorce decree, and again at two years. The women did experience a significant decrease in network size and social support over two years; however, the primary members of their networks—family and friends—remained stable. Women with preschool‐age children had more family support than those with older children. Nine categories of unmet needs were identified. Most frequently cited, in descending order, were emotional support, financial assistance, need for a boyfriend/partner/spouse, time for herself, and child care. The average number of needs per woman was less than two. The findings of this study confirm the losses in overall network size and support that women experience after divorce. The identification of unmet needs helps nurses to target areas in which women may require assistance to find social su

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCommunity health nurse (CHN) specialists have advanced educational preparation in both nursing and the public health sciences. They are called on to perform numerous advanced practice roles in public health and other community agencies, one of which is program planning. To perform this role effectively, CHN specialists should use conceptual models to guide application of the nursing process in a population‐based practice. One such model developed by a nurse for use in planning community health programs is the McLaughlin model. It was used to address the community diagnosis of risk for childhood lead poisoning, a long‐standing public health problem currently receiving renewed attention from federal public health authorities. Applications of conceptual models in practice settings can test such model's efficacy, enrich the scientific basis of community health nursing practice, and ultimately improve the health of the commun

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImproving health is the goal of community‐based rehabilitation programs. However, different conceptions of health between health care providers and participants inhibits communication, leads each group toward different goals, and causes dissatisfaction among participants who feel their individual goals are not being met. This study compared definitions of health, and the health goals of participants in a nurse‐managed community respiratory rehabilitation program with those of the program. The majority of 132 adults with chronic respiratory disease defined health in terms of absence of disease and its symptoms, or as the ability to function within the community. Their goals paralleled their definitions. Most participants hoped to decrease the symptoms of their disease or to improve their functional ability. Their goals were reflected in the program's goals; however, the definition of health held by the multidisciplinary team directing the program was broader than those expressed by most participa

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study compared the frequency of blood pressure elevation in a selected Native American and white population. Three hundred individuals participated: 87 Native Americans, 210 whites, and 3 others. Data were gathered using a questionnaire that addressed residence, sex. age, race, occupation, height, smoking, alcohol use. tea/coffee consumption, medications, and past or present illness. Weight and blood pressure were measured by the researchers at the time of data collection. The sample mean for systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 124 mm Hg (SD 14.78) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 77 mm Hg (SD 10.13). One‐way analysis of variance showed age groups and sex to affect blood pressure significantly (P= 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression indicated weight significantly predicted blood pressure (SBP multiple R = 0.39,P= 0.001; DBP multiple R = 0.43,P= 0.00001). The interaction of age, sex, tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine influenced SBP and DBP. Obviously, these findings have limited generalizeability due to the sampling frame used in this stud

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBased on Vroom's expectancy theory, this study was conducted to identify differences in job satisfaction between nurses working in public health settings, and staff nurses and administrators working in both settings. Questionnaires containing an adaptation of a job satisfaction scale were mailed to all 258 registered nurses practicing in public health and home health settings (response rate 57%) in a rural midwestern state. Respondents were asked to rate their satisfaction with various dimensions of their jobs, as well as how important each aspect was to them. Although both groups of nurses reported low satisfaction with salary, public health nurses were significantly less satisfied with their salaries than were home health nurses (F = 32.96,P≤0.001); home health nurses, however, were significantly less satisfied with benefits/rewards (F = 11.85,P≤0.001), task requirements (F = 8.37,P≤0.05), and professional status (F = 5.30,P≤0.05). Although administrators did not differ significantly from staff nurses on job satisfaction, they did perceive organizational climate (F = 4.50,P≤0.05) to be an important feature of satisfaction. These differences may be partially explained by divergent salaries, roles, and responsibilities between public health and home heal

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA profile of the education levels of practicing public health nurses (PHNs) in Mississippi in 1988 indicated that 71% of those nurses were prepared in associate degree or diploma programs. Since these programs typically do not provide formal academic courses in community health nursing, nurses currently enter the workplace with insufficient preparation for this increasingly complex role. A collaborative pilot study between the agency and a state‐supported school of nursing evaluated the impact of participating in selected components of an academic community health nursing program on the self‐reported competencies and functions of beginning PHNs. Twelve PHNs who were employed during six months in the geographic area contiguous to the school were selected to attend 10 classroom sessions on basic topics applicable to the generic PHN role in a southern state. A control group of 12 PHNs hired during the same period of time was also selected. Both groups completed an instrument on functions and competencies before and after the course. A significant difference was seen in certain functions and competencies between attenders and nonattend

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY