摘要:

A bibliography of distribution‐free methods and associated topics of interest to researchers in psychology and related fields is given. Sources from biology and other areas have also been included to extend the range of coverage. References are classified into 15 main sections and 21 subsections with some cross‐referencing. The majority of papers have been published since 1961 but some earlier major studies are included. The list ends around April 1978 but late additions are also appended. The introductory sections contain a note on common misconceptions about distribution‐free methods and also a brief account of the historical connexions between the study of such statistical methods and the study of psychological proc

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00750.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the past, several latent structure models have been proposed for handling problems associated with measuring the achievement of examinees. Typically, however, these models describe a specific examinee in terms of an item domain or they describe a few items in terms of a population of examinees. In this paper, a model is proposed which allows a population of examinees to be described in terms of an item domain. As is illustrated, the model yields a new formula score which allows guessing to vary over the population of examinees.

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Navon (1978) has considered the way in which apparent conservatism in human data processing maybe partly attributed to a perceived lack of independence between the data items. We consider this question for Bernoulli data, and identify those dependencies which lead to apparently conservative behaviour and those dependencies which will lead to apparent overestimation of posterior probabilities.

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Maximum‐likelihood estimates in closed form are derived for Tucker's (1958) inter‐battery factor analysis model. The estimates of inter‐battery factor loadings may be computed by rescaling correlation coefficients between the original variables and the canonical variables obtained in canonical correlation analysis. It is shown that the likelihood ratio test for the number of inter‐battery factors is identical to Bartlett's (1938) test for the number of non‐zero canonical correlations. An alternative approach analogous to the maximum determinant approach of Howe (1955) and Bargmann (1957) is seen to yield the same solution as that obtained by maximum likelihood. The question of rotation of factors is discussed and an example

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The McNemar test of dichotomous change is extended to the case in which a researcher has two or more independent groups that are to be compared foridenticalchange. Planned andpost hoccomparison methods using contrasts for testing identity of change parameters are presented. The proposed procedures are illustrated for an attitude change study and are compared to other tests designed to examine no change across two or more groups. The methods illustrated permit a direct identification of significant pairwise differences, while the competing procedures are shown to terminate in an omnibus test of statistical significance.

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Wright‐Panchapakesan (1969) maximum‐likelihood equations for estimating the ability and difficulty parameters in the Rasch model have hitherto required an iterative procedure for their solution. In this paper the equations are solved approximately and simple closed forms are established which give values close enough for most practical purposes to those obtained by iteration. The results are illustrated with reference to a 50‐item physics

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In applications to restricted factor analysis, it is shown that the determination of local identifiability and degrees of freedom in the asymptotic likelihood ratio test, from the eigenvalues of certain matrices, is not unambiguous in all cases. Some results are given that serve to indicate appropriate reparameterizations of unidentified problems.

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pairwise comparisons were computed on six procedures which convert tests of spread into tests for mean equality using the usual Student'ststatistic and a Welchtstatistic which obtains an error term from the variance and sample sizes involved in the comparison. The Tukey multiple comparison critical value was used to assess significance. The obtained Type I error and power data indicate that: (a) neither form oftis uniformly preferable; (b) both forms generally result in a more powerful test when sample sizes are equal; and (c) only the Brown&Forsythe absolute deviations from the median and Box‐Scheffé methods yield probabilities of a Type I error at the approximate nominal a level for all non‐normal leptokurtic populations. The applicability of the various forms of thetstatistic to non‐pairwise comparisons and other multiple comparisons critical values is ind

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The estimator of the interresponse‐interval autocovariance function used by Wing (1977) is defined and its bias noted. The implications of the bias for the conclusions arrived at by Wing (1977) concerning models of response timing are discusse

ISSN:0007-1102    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1979.tb00759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY