ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962253

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Insoluble organic matter (humic matter) present in oil sands can alter the wettability of the inorganic matrix and thereby cause serious problems during bitumen recovery.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962254

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We have investigated twenty three bitumen samples obtained using different separation methods such as: ultracentrifugation, Dean-Stark extraction, solvent extraction employing vigorous agitation, hot water separation and the Solvent Extraction Spherical Agglomeration technique. These samples were extracted from oil sand feedstocks of different grades, Suncor sludge pond tailings and mineral agglomerates obtained from the Solvent Extraction Spherical Agglomeration process. All of the bitumen samples were examined on a comparative basis using various analytical techniques. These included: fractionation into asphaltenes and maltenes; elemental analyses; molecular weight determination using vapour pressure osmometry and gel permeation chromatography, infrared, proton and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Proton and13C n.m.r. spectroscopic data were used to determine the distribution of various types of hydrogens and carbons in the samples. These data were also used to derive various molecular parameters in order to investigate average molecular structures of different bitumen samples and some of their asphaltene fractions.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962255

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Physical and chemical properties of oils are not available for most of Saskatchewan reservoirs. Hence, standard and specialized oil and water analyses were performed on fluids obtained from nineteen medium and heavy oil reservoirs. Seven of these reservoirs are producing under steam and fireflood processes.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962256

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Vacuum residua from Venezuela heavy and medium oils upgraded under the same conditions ware characterized using different analytical techniques: TLC-FID, H NMR, HPLC, SEC-DCP. Parameters or chemical properties such as crude maturity, size distibution of hydrocarbons and metal compounds. asphaltene characteristics, sulphur contents, correlate with the process-ability of these heavy ends.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962257

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Several Venezuelan heavy and extraheavy crude oils and bitumens have been evaluated for various physical properties, namely, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat and vapor pressure. The API gravity of the oils considered are in the range of 8 to 12° API. In addition, blends of these oils and bitumens, and dilutions with reflnary distillates and light crude oils (20 to 54° API) have also been analized. It was found that, with the exception of viscosity, there is no functional relation between the API gravity and the other physical properties studied. A dividend of this finding is that it allows for a simple correlation between the viscosity and diluent content, for mixtures of heavy and light crude oils.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962258

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Although the processability of bitumen from tar sand is dependent on its chemical composition, the details of this relationship are poorly understood. In this study, residue fractions from Athabasca bitumen (topped at different temperatures) and hydrocracker and coker residues were analyzed in detail. Separated class fractions were subjected to elemental analysis. NMR and IR spectroscopy, and potentiometrlc titration. These data were combined mathematically to obtain a structural profile of each oil. This analysis defines the structural changes in asphaltene precipitates due to distillation and processing, as well as the quantitative changes in the overall structural composition of the oil. Hydrocarbon structures such as paraffinic chains and naphthenes show definite trends with distillation and processing.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962259

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The colloidal properties of asphaltenes affects their solubility, reactivity and transport properties. We have been investigating the molecular basis for the aggregation of asphaltenes in toluene through the use of Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), in which the hydrogen nucleus provides the strongest scatterer, and the contrast may be varied by deuterium replacement. The measured intensity curves can be fitted with a elongated particle. Both radius of gyration and molecular weight are significantly decreased upon increasing. temperature, indicating a disaggregation rather than a conformational change mechanism. Thus, the “true” molecular weight of asphaltenes is much less that that measured at room temperature, and appears to be ≤6000. The internal structure is probably complex enough so that a simple description in terms of colloidal or micellar structures is not granted.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962260

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Previously, we have examined the Ni and V in heavy crude oils, residua, and processed products by several metal speciation techniques to ascertain molecular structure and processing behavior. Two classes of metal compounds were found -metallopetroporphyrins and metallo-nonporphyrins - each having unique reactivity during processing. In efforts to better understand the binding of metals in the oil medium, we have now examined Ni and V in tar sand bitumens, the bitumen was solvent extracted from the sand matrix and was separated by column chromatography and the petro-porphyrin content was quantitated by UV-vis spectroscopy. The petroporphyrin contents ranged from virtually none to over 36% of the total metals. Asphalt Ridge (Utah) has primarily Ni petroporphyrins; Big Clifty (Kentucky) and Athabasca (Canada) have primarily V petroporphyrins; Arroyo Grande and McKittrick (California) have roughly equal amounts of both types; and Surmyside (Utah) has virtually none of either.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962261

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Using supercritical CO2as the mobile phase with a 30m × 100μ ID SPB-5 capillary column and temperature of 90°C, high boiling fractions of heavy oils could be characterized. A linear restrictor placed as close as possible to the flame ionization detector jet prevented the characteristic spiking often observed in these systems, and also allowed the study of high molecular weight material without plugging of the restrictor. The boiling points of model saturate and aromatic compounds correlate with retention time providing the capability to study heavy oils without exposing them to the high temperatures necessary in gas chromatography. Individual peaks can be resolved for the n-paraffins in waxes up to C90. Primary production, fireflood and steamflood heavy oils and bitumens were compared by this technique.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843758908962262

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor