ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519034

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper reports work on the water and heat relationships of five species ofUcaat Inhaca Island, Moçambique. The speciesurvillei, marionis, chlorophthalmus, annulipesandinversagenerally speaking occupy progressively more terrestrial habitats. They stand in this order (exceptmarionis) as regards their sharply defined upper lethal temperatures (40·0°C. forurvillei, 43·3°C. forinversa) and in respect of transpiration rates (inversabeing anomalous). Upper lethal temperatures are about 2°C. lower for each species in September than in January. Lower lethal temperatures are less well defined and lie between 7·0° and 8·5°C. for all species. No short-term acclimatization in crabs was found, although it occurs inOniscus asellus.Measurements by fine thermocouples show that body temperatures are depressed by about 1·5° to 7·0°C. in various conditions. Species which transpire faster generally have lower body temperatures. In direct sunlight the temperatures of living crabs are lower than those of dead, dry specimens, or that of the ground, and this permits crabs to live, in nature, in habitats which might otherwise be lethal. Eleven out of twelveU. annulipessurvived for at least 11 days in 50% sea water, 7/12 survived in fresh water, and 3/12 in sea water. The results are discussed in relation to what is known about land isopods and other littoral crabs with reference to the general problem of the origins of a land fauna. The need for further information about environmental conditions and other matters is stressed.

ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519035

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

It is suggested that anionic oxygen, formed by the transfer of electrons from cytochrome oxidase to molecular oxygen, functions as a strong base, i.e. as a H+ ion or proton acceptor of great physiological significance.

ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519036

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The relationship between the length of the cervical spinous processes and the inclination of the spines, the size of the vertebrae, the depth of the excavations on the superior aspect of the vertebral bodies, the inclination of the articular facets, the length of the nuchal plane and the size of the skull and the position of the head were studied in 270 specimens of different primate species. In addition the individual sexual ranges of variation of these measurements were determined. Certain conclusions on the factors affecting head balance and the specialization of man were drawn.

ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519037

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In September 1957 the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy recommended that a magnetic secular variation station be established on Tristan da Cunha (37°03' S., 12°18' W.). During the ensuing three years the Union of South Africa has established secular variation stations on no fewer than three of the southern islands, viz. Tristan da Cunha, Gough Island (40°20' S., 9°55' W.), and Marion Island (46°51' S., 37°52' E.). As all three islands are composed of highly magnetic material, it is essential that the points at which the initial observations were made be exactly reoccupied during future surveys. The stations (two on each island) were accordingly clearly marked, and a careful record was kept of the height above ground-level at which each observation was made. The results of the magnetic observations carried out on the three islands in 1960 are presented in full. It is recommended that the stations be reoccupied at intervals of about five years.

ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519038

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0035-919X    

DOI:10.1080/00359196109519033

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1961

数据来源: Taylor