摘要:

SummaryMast cells and basophils, although sharing many constitutive properties, are quite distinct in their development, functions and biological properties. Mast cell granules are composed of a macromolecular matrix of proteoglycan and neutral protease of which heparin and tryptase, respectively, are predominant. The distribution of the other major neutral protease, chymase, allows human mast cell subpopulations to be subdivided immunocytochemically. All human mast cells respond to IgE‐dependent stimulation with the secretion of the preformed mediator, histamine, and the newly generated lipid‐derived eicosanoids PGD2and LTC4. Although amounts of these products vary between mast cells dispersed from different tissues, it is uncertain whether this reflects true heterogeneity. Mast cells of the human skin, but not those of other tissues, are sensitive to stimulation by substance P, compound 48/80 and other basic non‐immunological stimuli. The mechanism of mediator secretion induced by these agents is distinct from that induced by IgE‐dependent stimulation. However, the morphological characteristics of degranulation are similar, suggesting that the distinct biochemical pathways merge into a common pathway before effecting degran

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01698.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01699.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAllergic and non‐allergic rhinitis have been treated by many drugs with different modes of action such as topical disodium cromoglycate and ipratropium bromide, systemic antihistamines and corticosteroid drugs and topical corticosteroids. Yet, these therapies are not entirely satisfactory for all symptoms. The rationale for the topical, intranasal use of antihistamines in patients is discussed. Topical antihistamine agents arc administered in order to avoid the side effects of systematically applied medications, and to reach higher local drug concentrations. H1receptors of the nasal mucosa play an important role in the physiopathology of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis and even of infectious rhinitis. Most studies using topical antihistamines in rhinitis, had an experimental physiopathological aim and did not explore clinical efficacy. Recently, topical application of levocabastine—a potent H1antagonist—yielded good clinical results in allergic conjunctivitis, seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and non allergic perennial r

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01701.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY