ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA relationship between elevated scrum immunoglobulin E levels and smoking has been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. Allergy skin test data suggest that the excess immunoglobulin E of smokers is not specific for aeroallergens. It is possible that the excess immunoglobulin E is specific for microorganisms that often infect the lower respiratory tract of smokers. To investigate this possibility we utilized a radio‐allergosorbent test assay for detecting serum immunoglobulin E specific forStreptococcus pneumoniae, an organism commonly isolated from the respiratory tract of smokers with chronic bronchitis. We assayed sera of thirty smokers and thirty nonsmokers for immunoglobulin E specific forStreptococcus pneumoniae. Individual sera were considered positive for pneumococcus‐specific immunoglobulin E if the binding was at least twice the non‐specific binding at the total immunoglobulin E concentration of the particular serum. Eleven of the thirty sera of smokers and two of the thirty nonsmokers were positive for pneumococcus‐specific immunoglobulin E. By chi‐square analysis of these data, the prevalence of pneumococcus‐specific immunoglobulin E was significantly greater in the smoking group compared with the non‐smoking group (P<0·02). These results suggest that the excess immunoglobulin E of smokers is, at least in part, specific for microorganisms that infe

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to investigate the effects of airway cooling on bronchial responsiveness in normal subjects, we measured bronchial responsiveness to inhaled methacholine with and without the inhalation of cold air. Two out of seven subjects showed an increase in baseline respiratory resistance (Rrs) during cooling of the airway but the other five subjects showed little change in their baseline Rrs. All subjects increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. Additionally, the threshold dose of methacholine decreased to one‐third of the control dose with cooling of the airway. We speculate that airway cooling increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in normal subjects presumably due to increased vagal tone, increased alpha‐adrenergic activity and/or a release of chemical mediat

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLaboratory and field studies on the use of liquid nitrogen as an acaricide, combined with vacuum cleaning, demonstrated this inert freezing agent to be extremely efficient in reducing the number of live mites in mattresses when compared to vacuum cleaning only. Preliminary observations suggest this treatment does no physical damage to mattresses. Any strategy in the control of house dust mites should incorporate procedures both for the reduction of the mite population and the removal of the allergen pool of faecal pellets and dead mites.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn investigation was conducted to test the validity of the skin‐prick test (SPT) with eleven common allergens (Lofarma series proposed by Italian National Research Council for epidemiological studies) as a method for predicting the presence of specific antibodies in serum. The relationship between SPT, evaluated by two different methods (MWD = mean weal diameter, AHWR = allergen histamine weal ratio), and specific IgE levels (RAST) has been investigated in 101 patients tested consecutively for suspected allergic disease. Sensitivity, specificity and overall efficiency were assessed for different criteria of SPT positivity (≥4 mm or ≥5 mm using MWD; ++ or +++ using AHWR). For pollens and moulds, a weal diameter ≥5 mm gave better results than 4 mm, whereas for mites a MWD ≥4 mm showed a better sensitivity and overall efficiency than 5 mm. Danders showed low sensitivity when either 5 or 4 mm criterion was considered. AHWR evaluation gave no better results, except for animal danders. Correlation coefficients between weal size and RAST class showed a good relationship for mites and pollens using both methods of SPT evaluation; a moderate relationship was observed with MWD criterion for moulds and with AHWR for danders.We conclude that a weal diameter ≥5 mm can be assumed to predict RAST positivity for pollens and moulds, and for mites, a weal ≥4 mm can be a more accurate criterion. The poor correlation between weal diameter and RAST positivity for such allergens as animal danders and moulds suggests that in these cases SPT should be associated to specific serum IgE evaluation to prove allergi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPollens of related species usually share common antigens and are cross‐reacting but this is not always the case. The cross‐allergenicity of two species of Urticaceae pollens (ParietariaandUrtica, nettle) was sought by means of RAST‐inhibition and isoelectric focusing. A preliminary experiment in forty‐two patients investigated by means of skin tests and RAST showed that most patients were either allergic toParietariaor nettle and that both reactivities were uncommonly associated. The results of RAST‐inhibition confirmed the total absence of cross‐reactivity between these two related species. IEF patterns indicated that most proteins are in the acidic range of pH and did not reveal large discrepancies.ParietariaandUrticapollens, although belonging to the same family and having close microscopic patterns, have very different allergenic activities. This study demonstrates that cross‐allergenicity cannot

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn allergic reaction, provoked by exposure to the blowflyLucilia cuprinaand shown to be IgE‐mediated, occurred in a subject employed in an entomological research laboratory. The subject's serum, and sera from three other asthmatic patients with IgE antibodies to blowfly extracts, also reacted with extracts from the screw‐worm fly (Chrysomya bezziana). Results suggested that antigens from the two species share immunological cross‐reactivity. Cross‐reactions also exist between the different developmental stages of both species. Allergic reactions to inhaled insect allergens may not be uncommon in the Australian co

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY